[concern]

　　From the party program represented by super variety show to the game program represented by Happy Camp; From the educational programs represented by Happy Dictionary to the talent show represented by super girls, China’s TV variety shows have come all the way, and now the reality show is in the absolute majority. In recent years, all kinds of reality shows have appeared in turn, making the audience dazzled by the trend of "dominating the screen". Generally speaking, a reality show refers to a TV program made by ordinary people (non-actors) in a specified situation, in accordance with the predetermined rules of the game, for a clear purpose, and at the same time recorded. Its charm lies in the use of virtual procedures and documentary techniques to show the personality traits or technical talents of participants in a real situation. In the new communication pattern, the competitive pressure inside and outside the industry makes the reality show seek a breakthrough through introducing mode or independent innovation, on the other hand, it also exposes the deviation of some production concept and the emptiness of value core in the process.

　　What is the priority between documentary and drama?

　　In terms of expression, reality show should take objective truth as the first sign. However, in the face of the massive information, rich audio-visual content and high-frequency mobile audience’s reception habits in the Internet ecology, many reality show creators choose to deliberately implant various dramatic bridges in the program to achieve the purpose of attracting attention for a long time. As a result, the reality show with reality as its life is more and more like a film and television drama with fiction as its core, with distinct interpretations of various "roles" and a "plot" structure full of dramatic contradictions and conflict tension, and even at the end of each issue, it shows the suspense and continuity of "If you want to know what will happen next time, listen to the next decomposition". No matter the fierce confrontation caused by "small tasks" and "chasing battles" in Running Man, or the comedy effect brought by participants experiencing different careers in "The Ultimate Challenge"; No matter the contrast of character in the team travel of "Flower Boys" or the strong affection in the intergenerational interaction of "A Whirlwind du tiful son", it is the application of typical dramatic techniques and the implication of dramatic strategies. And "Creative Reality Game Show", "Full Staff Acceleration" and "Historical Experience Reality Show" and "Let’s Go Through" employ professional directors and screenwriters to elaborate "stories".The program flow is integrated into multiple time and space such as history, plot, science fiction and games, and the content and form are similar to those of film and television dramas.

　　This dramatic treatment from the inside out does enhance the appreciation and communication of the program, but for the reality show, is such deliberate subjective intervention somewhat presumptuous or putting the cart before the horse, and will it blur its essential attributes and consume its development potential in the long run? Reality shows do not exclude drama, but we should be alert to the "artificial" drama. High-quality reality shows should subtly hide the dramatic effect in objective documentary images, instead of piling up heavy drama paradigms and situations in advance when planning programs. For example, the most typical narrative mode at present is to assign tasks to each participant or each group in the form of "task cards", in which the links are set for the purpose of causing fierce confrontation, and the turning point strives to achieve the effect of "last-minute rescue". It is true that the aesthetic confluence with film and television dramas may temporarily improve the ratings of reality shows by u sing elements, paragraphs and clues similar to "characters" and "plots", but in the long run, it is likely to overdraw its unique aesthetic personality and eventually make it difficult to become "this one" in the TV variety gallery independently.

　　How to play the "star" card well

　　Nowadays, a large number of reality shows are closely linked with "stars". Due to the lure of sky-high remuneration and ultra-high exposure, many out-of-date actors and popular stars flock to the production of reality shows. Not only do they get another hit during the broadcast of the show, but even their families become popular overnight and their prices soar. It can be said that some reality shows are no longer dream platforms and interactive spaces for ordinary people, but have evolved into vanity fairs that create all kinds of entertainment gossip and lure stars to compete.

　　In July 2015 and March 2016, the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television successively issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Reality Show Programs and the Notice on Further Strengthening th e Management of TV Satellite Integrated Channels, demanding that reality show programs "should be abandoned ‘ Watch by star blog ’ Misunderstanding, correct the tendency of relying solely on stars, and not turn the program into a place to fight for stars and show off wealth. ""Strictly control minors’ participation in reality shows, and they are not allowed to publicize and speculate on star children in entertainment reports and other programs. " This has largely curbed the previo us excessive star-studded momentum of such programs. However, the recent reality show has added stars with some whimsy, such as Come Champion, which brings together sports stars, The King of Cross-border Songs, which makes movie stars cross-sing, and Familiar Taste focuses on the growth experience of stars in the name of "food love". In addition, there are also some phenomena that hide people’s eyes and ears in the name of the program. For example, the original "Flower Boys" was renamed as "Flower Boys", and the second season of "Idol Comes" was renamed as "Here We Come". At first glance, it seems to weaken the star effect, but the content is changed, even worse than before.

　　Indeed, "star" is a part of popular culture, and healthy "idolize" is also a normal social phenomenon. As a TV program type covering the whole society, reality show obviously can’t shield the "star" element, but its creators should be cautious in this issue: First, they should not rely too much on stars as the whole point of view of the program, nor should they spend a lot of money to invite so-called "big names" and "big coffees" to encourage the extravagant comparison of program production; Second, we should not limit our vision to performing stars. There are many people from all walks of life who are famous for their honest work. If the star ind ividuals with more diverse identities can be integrated with the program content, it may better highlight the inspirational spirit and the truth, goodness and beauty of human nature. Third, we should devote ourselves to building civilian stars, provide a stage for the millions of ordinary people in Qian Qian to display their talents, and upgrade the quality level with humanistic feelings. After the programs such as The Voice of China, Music Master Class and the legendary swordsman used the mode of "star tutor+common people students", I want to sing with you made some innovative explorations on the interaction between stars and ordinary people. The most touching thing is that ordinar y people uploaded videos that sang with star singers in the same frame through the mobile Internet APP, and the happy scene of "singing by the whole people" in the program had a strong sense of closeness, substitution and resonance for the audience.In a word, the star in the reality show is "use" rather than "body", "technique" rather than "Tao", so we must not give up the basics.

　　How to pay attention to nutrition in entertainment

　　Obviously, the reality show can’t survive without entertainment, but if it stops at entertainment or even "entertainment to death", it will be empty and shallow, and it will inevitably lead to quick birth and quick death. For a TV program, it is really difficult to make the audience really feel "interesting"; It is even more difficult for the audience to realize "meaning" on the basis of feeling "interesting". This requires the responsibility and innovative wisdom of TV people.

　　There are several programs on the screen recently — — CCTV’s Chinese Poetry Conference, Beijing Satellite TV’s Inheritor, and Shanxi Satellite TV’s Wang Zhongwang the Linger are worthy of attention. These programs with the characteristics of typical reality shows may not be as good as some of the cases mentioned above in ratings, and there is still room for improvement in content production and process design, but they have two precious things in common: first, the spiritual core of the programs lies in spreading the essence of national culture, whether poetry, drama or intangible cultural heritage, they are carried forward through the "show" of "real people" competitions; Secondly, although there are stars in several programs, they focus on the cultural accomplishment and artistic quality of stars in many fields. As far as the stars themselves are concerned, they are in a subordinate and auxiliary position, completely serving the meaningful production of the programs.

　　Of course, the "nutrients" and "energy" of reality show are not limited to the traditional cultural dimension, and all the value orientations that inspire and guide people to be upward, kind and beautiful can be taken as the theme connotation of the program. The key is to explore the feasible path of seamless connection between spirit ual cultivation and audio-visual pleasure, that is, the ingenious creativity of entertaining, reasoning and touching the scene. For example, travel reality shows combine the display of exotic customs with the tempering of interpersonal communication; Experience reality show brings life enlightenment through dramatic identity transposition; Competitive reality shows show the courage to challenge and team spirit when showing superb skills; Song and dance reality shows bring audience audio-visual aesthetic enjoyment in tense events. All these show the ingenuity of the main creation and shi ne with the humanistic light of the program. In today’s internet communication environment, the content is varied and the quality is uneven. Some network variety shows do not hesitate to break through the moral bottom line or even the legal b oundary in order to earn eyeballs. At this time, the TV reality show can not only be influenced by it, but also lower the lower quality limit, and guide the viewing taste with sincere and nutritious creativity and production, and optimize the communication ecology.

　　(The author is editor of China Television Arts Committee)

　　Beijing, June 15 (Reporter Shangguan Yun) "Has the craze for science fiction literature come?" In fact, I am not so optimistic. " Recently, Chen Qiufan, a science fiction writer, put forward the above views when interviewed by a reporter from Zhongxin.com (WeChat WeChat official account: cns2012).

　　Not long ago, his short story "Fear Machine" was shortlisted for the 10th Global Chinese Science Fiction Xingyun Award, along with works by writers such as Liu Cixin and Liang Qingsan.

　　Love reading science fiction has been rejected.

　　Like science fiction, Chen Qiufan has been interested since he was a child.

　　"I read science fiction when I was in kindergarten, but I can only read simple plots, and some contents are not very understandable." He remembers reading a series of classic works by Verne and Wells, which "felt like entering a particularly magical world".

　　When he was in junior high school, he tried to write some science fiction novels and then contributed them everywhere. At the age of 15, he sent the novel Bait to the competition and won the prize successfully. When the certificate was sent to the school, it was handed over by the class teacher. Chen Qiufan still remembers the students’ surprise at that time.

　　However, his writing career didn’t start there: after winning the prize, another novel was rejected, which made Chen Qiufan feel somewhat depressed. In addition, to prepare for the college entrance examination, in about two years, he pressed the "pause button" of writing.

　　"I tried to pick up my writing after I was admitted to Peking University. At that time, I took the path of pure literature. " But write to write, those articles can’t satisfy Chen Qiufan, "always feel not attractive enough. So I changed it to writing science fiction. "

　　Since then, he has published sci-fi works such as Fish in Lijiang and Year of the Rat, and won the Global Chinese Science Fiction Nebula for nine times. The Ghost Trio has also been included in the sci-fi anthology "Future People Don’t Exist".

　　It is not easy to add "hard science fiction" elements to novels.

　　Talking about his own creation, Chen Qiufan thinks that the more difficult thing is the combination with scientific and technological elements, that is, the "hard science fiction" elements that people often say.

　　"Not as long as ‘ Have a brain hole ’ You will be able to write good science fiction. " Chen Qiufan explained that when writing, science fiction writers also need to know the most advanced science and technology and scientific facts, and the novels will look better.

　　He feels that if there is an opportunity, science fiction writers can communicate with scientists who work in the front line. "Scientists know the most cutting-edge technology, and writers have a big brain hole. If the two are combined, there may be good results."

　　However, sometimes, some misunderstandings will make Chen Qiufan feel a little helpless. He said that some readers will confuse science fiction with popular science works to varying degrees. "The latter should be particularly accurate about all kinds of knowledge and not allow fiction; The former is still full of literary color, and the two are not the same. "

　　"The fields involved in science fiction literature are not narrow, not just aerospace, space and so on." Chen Qiufan said that it also includes anthropology, ethics and other disciplines. "For example, in The Wandering Earth, when people discuss whether it is feasible to put an engine on the earth, they also think about ecological environment protection and human ethics.".

　　Science fiction literature craze has come? may not

　　After writing science fiction for many years, Chen Qiufan has a deep understanding of the "minority" situation of this literary type: the number of writers is relatively small, and the audience is also small.

　　However, with Liu Cixin winning the Hugo Award in 2015 and the sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth showing in early 2019, this situation seems to be slowly changing. Especially after the The Wandering Earth fire, many people think that "science fiction literature fever" has come.

　　"It seems that science fiction has become a slogan, capital, IP… … A lot of people poured in at once. The film has a relatively wide audience, and The Wandering Earth’s popularity has indeed opened up a more popular market. " Chen Qiufan does not deny that people’s attention to science fiction literature has increased, but he thinks this is not enough to be blindly optimistic.

　　He gave a good reason: "The well-known sci-fi writers such as Hao Jingfang and Liu Cixin won the grand prize, and more people don’t know much about writers like me and Han Song;" There are still few publishing channels for young writers’ works in the traditional sense, and it is difficult to get ahead. "

　　"For example, Mo Yan’s teacher won Nobel Prize in Literature, and his novels are very popular, but the sales of other pure literature writers are good? No. " Chen Qiufan said that at present, the situation of science fiction literature is similar, and the publishing market only prefers great writers who can guarantee a certain sales volume, "said ‘ Science fiction literature craze ’ Come, in fact, not necessarily. "

　　At the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Public Security deployed public security organs across the country to further crack down on illegal gambling activities, demanding that we should fight early, fight small, and fight constantly.

　　However, in some areas, driven by high profits, some lawless elements secretly gamble on their own under the guise of game machines. Due to the lack of sufficient discrimination against gambling, many game participants unconsciously fall into it.

　　So, as an ordinary consumer, how to distinguish between gambling machines and game machines? What are the social hazards of gambling game halls hidden in back streets and alleys? Recently, a reporter from the Legal Daily conducted an interview.

　　□ Our reporter Zhan Haifeng

　　Our correspondent Jia Weimin

　　Recently, in the corner of the garbage power plant in Fuling District, Chongqing, under the witness of dozens of people, more than 140 "game machines" were smashed and smashed.

　　These seemingly ordinary game machines actually have gambling functions similar to those of various gambling machines such as "turning machines" and "slot machines".

　　Carry out a full chain attack on gambling crimes

　　At about 3: 00 pm on June 5, less than an hour after receiving the report from the masses, Fuling police thundered and investigated a den suspected of using gambling game machines to carry out illegal and criminal activities in a back street and alley in the jurisdiction, arrested 8 gambling participants, provided 3 gambling conditions, confiscated 8 gambling machines, and gambled more than 1,000 yuan. The police imposed public security penalties on those involved in the case according to law.

　　Fuling District, located in the middle of Chongqing, has jurisdiction over 27 towns and streets, and is a typical mountainous county. With the help of the special geographical environment, the practitioners of gambling game machines are lucky enough to deal with the public security organs, showing the characteristics of employees breaking up into parts to escape the blow and gambling places of gambling game machines being scattered and hidden. Fuling police found in their work that the illegal activities of gambling game machines are low in cost and considerable in income, and many offenders still take risks despite being arrested many times.

　　The police realized that if they want to eradicate the gambling game machine soil, they must give a full chain blow to the gambling "interest chain" — — From the producers and sellers of gambling game machines to those who provide gambling venues for gambling game machine operators, employees and "gamblers", we must dig deep into the source, crack down on it according to law, and pursue it to the end.

　　In a case announced by Fuling police, Qiu Mou, a criminal suspect suspected of opening a casino, Chen Mou, who sells machines, Mei Mou, a waiter in charge of collecting fees and distributing points for "guests" in the casino, and Qin Mou, a gambler, were all dealt with by the police according to law. Afterwards, the police also dug up a den for refitting and producing gambling machines, and destroyed a gambling machine manufacturer, sales system and gambling gang in one fell swoop, completely destroying a gambling machine industry chain.

　　After the gambling machine was destroyed on the same day, Wang Duo, deputy detachment leader of Public Security Detachment of Fuling District Public Security Bureau, told reporters that this move strongly conveyed the firm determination of the police to eradicate the cancer of gambling game machines.

　　By playing early and playing small, the spread of gambling game machines was quickly curbed, and the motivation of the masses to report was also enhanced. According to statistics, more than 80% of the illegal and criminal activities of gambling game machines investigated and dealt with by Fuling police were reported by the masses, and more than 95% of them were investigated and dealt with shortly after the opening of casinos.

　　Tampering with machine programs or committing fraud.

　　What is the essential difference between gambling game machines and ordinary entertainment game machines? What crimes may be involved in opening a casino with a gambling machine for profit? The reporter interviewed Fuling police and experts and scholars in criminal law for this purpose.

　　On the identification object and principle, Wang Duo said that electronic game machines set in entertainment places for others’ entertainment are the identification objects of gambling game machines. There are three principles for identification: the electronic game machines allowed to enter the market in the Catalogue of Market Access Models for Game Amusement Machines by the Ministry of Culture, and the electronic game machine "Zhongfu Online" allowed to gamble are generally not identified as "having gambling function"; Electronic game machines that have not been admitted by the cultural department or have been included in the Guidance Catalogue of Electronic Game Machines with Gambling Function by the public security department are generally recognized as "having gambling function"; Access models or "Zhongfu Online" electronic game machines are used by units or individuals for gambling or gambling operations to realize gambling, and are recognized as "having gambling function".

　　For gambling crimes involving slot machines and fishing machines, in 2014, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security jointly issued the Opinions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Casinos with Gambling Machines (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), which stipulates that if it is difficult to determine whether it is a gambling machine, the judicial organ may entrust the public security organ at or above the prefecture level to issue an inspection report; The judicial organ shall make a determination according to the inspection report and the specific circumstances of the case; When necessary, the people’s court may notify the inspectors to appear in court to explain. At the same time, Article 1 of the Opinions stipulates that setting up electronic game facilities and equipment with gambling functions such as returning coins, points and steel balls, and taking valuables such as cash and securities as prizes, or giving others valuables such as cash and securities to organize gambling activities in the form of repurchasing prizes, shall be deemed as "opening a casino" as stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 303 of the Criminal Law.

　　Ding Shengming, an associate professor of criminal law at Southwest University of Political Science and Law, believes that game machines and gambling machines are not exclusive, and gambling machines are conceptually a kind of game machines. As for the question of which game machines constitute gambling machines, referring to the normative documents in some areas, it can be generally considered that game machines that meet one of the following conditions should be regarded as gambling machines: those with the functions of withdrawing points, gaining points and adding points; Having the function of returning money, or having the functions of recharging, rebate, rebate, etc. with the same nature as returning money; Having the function of withdrawing steel balls; Having the function of selecting odds and making big bets with small odds.

　　Ding Shengming said that according to the Opinions and the relevant provisions of China’s Public Security Administration Punishment Law, the act of setting up game equipment such as slot machines and fishing machines belongs to the act of "opening a casino". If the circumstances are minor, it can be punished according to the Public Security Administration Punishment Law. If the circumstances are serious, it constitutes the crime of opening a casino.

　　Gong Jie, a teacher of chongqing technology and business university Law School, believes that the criminalization of gambling in China’s criminal law is not a one-size-fits-all model, but selective, and not all types of gambling are completely criminalized, which can be confirmed from the legislative provisions. Specifically, China’s criminal law only stipulates that gambling in groups or gambling as a profession for the purpose of making profits constitutes a gambling crime. In addition, it is stipulated that opening a casino constitutes the crime of opening a casino.

　　"It can be said that the criminal legislation of gambling crimes in China mainly targets the organizers of gambling activities, gamblers who open casinos and people who gamble." Gong Jie said.

　　In addition, Ding Shengming introduced that although the current normative documents identify the crimes related to setting up slot machines and fishing machines as the crime of opening casinos, in fact, the relevant criminals have basically tampered with the procedures of these machines and can artificially set the winning rate. Criminals often set the winning rate to be very high at first, so that guests can taste the sweetness and invest more chips, and then gradually increase the difficulty and reduce the winning rate, thus obtaining high profits.

　　"Gambling is essentially a random probability event. It is an event that can improve the winning rate through skills, but it cannot be manipulated. From this point of view, setting up slot machines and fishing machines that have tampered with the program is more in line with the characteristics of fraud. " Ding Sheng said.

　　The complexity of gambling machine identification affects law enforcement

　　Talking about the harm of gambling to individuals and society, Lin Mao, a lecturer of Jiangnan University Law School who studies sociology of law, believes that from the perspective of micro-individual development, gambling is a manifestation of individual’s deviation from self and social understanding. Gambling machine addicts, mainly young people, pin their lives on virtual games and try to realize the value of life through the profit of virtual games, which seriously damages individual mental health. The obstacle of interaction between individuals and real people in real life caused by online virtual interaction has become a common problem in the era of Internet machines. In addition, gambling itself destroys people’s willpower, and online gambling machines do endless harm to individuals and society. Gambling machine players are addicted to the game for a long time and ignore the interaction and communication with the people around them in the real world. In the face of the personal safety danger brought by gambling, they lack sufficient self-protection and social and family support, and lose their basic emotional ties. Such individuals are prone to extreme behavior when facing debts caused by gambling, which leads to social problems such as deviance and anomie, and undermines social stability and harmony.

　　Regarding the problems existing in law enforcement and judicature in cracking down on gambling, Gong Jie believes that the discussion on this issue in relevant theoretical research needs to be further deepened, providing necessary theoretical support for legislation, justice and law enforcement by public security organs. Ding Shengming also admitted that in the current judicial practice, gambling machine criminal gangs often do not adopt centralized delivery, but decentralized delivery and unattended. As a result, it is difficult for law enforcement agencies to investigate and deal with it, and most of them are subject to administrative punishment according to the Public Security Administration Punishment Law. In addition, due to the absence of detailed rules, the identification standards of gambling machines are complex and lack of clear operational standards, which also affects law enforcement activities to some extent.

　　"Therefore, law enforcement agencies should focus on cracking down on areas with high incidence of gambling machine crimes, especially focusing on destroying criminal gangs behind gambling machines. At the same time, relevant departments should formulate clear and detailed rules, such as stipulating the identification standards of gambling machines through normative documents, so that the law enforcement activities of law enforcement agencies can be based on evidence. " Ding Shengming said.

　　In this regard, Gong Jie also has similar views. He said that joint law enforcement should be organized to strengthen comprehensive management. The departments of industry and commerce, culture and public security should take the form of joint law enforcement, organize special inspections of gambling places where gambling machines may exist, such as game halls, teahouses and street shops, and intensify inspections. Investigate and deal with unlicensed operations, illegal operations, placing gambling machines, etc. in strict accordance with the law, focusing on investigating and dealing with possible darkrooms in game rooms and gambling game machines that may have switching functions.

　　In addition, Ding Shengming also suggested that relevant departments should strengthen legal education, so that ordinary people can realize the nature and harm of gambling machines, and realize that gambling machines are not ordinary game machines but a gambling trap, thus cutting off the breeding ground of gambling machine crimes at the root of consumption.

In life, we should get rid of some bad habits, starting with our regular routine and then going to our diet and daily life. Continuous health care the day after tomorrow is the key to longevity!

1. Get up early and do morning exercises

When you wake up in the morning, your blood viscosity is generally high and your blood pressure is at a high level. At this time, if you do strenuous exercise, you will suddenly increase the burden on your heart, which will easily lead to myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death, especially for people who are not in good health, such as hypertension or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

2. Eat fruit after meals

Some people think that eating fruit after meals can promote digestion, but it is not. Generally speaking, the food we eat must be digested for at least 1-2 hours when it enters the stomach. If we eat fruit immediately, there will be too much backlog in the stomach, which will affect the normal effect and absorption, and it is also easy to constipation.

Moreover, fruit is easy to ferment in the stomach, which will produce a lot of gas and make people have bad effects. Persisting in this bad habit for a long time will also lead to digestive dysfunction, so you should eat fruit, preferably 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals.

3. Drink more hot water

The phrase "Drink more hot water" appears so frequently that people mistakenly think that it is a good habit. Drinking hot water above 65℃ for a long time will damage oral mucosa, enamel, throat and even induce esophageal cancer. If your respiratory tract is infected, drinking more hot water may aggravate your condition.

The Journal of the British Medical Association has published that when a person has respiratory tract infection, such as a cold or bronchitis, the body will release a lot of water-retaining hormones. When the hormone content is high, drinking more water will cause excess water, imbalance of electrolytes in the body and hyponatremia.

4. Washing is more "healthy"

Sometimes too clean may damage the eyes or body. First, eye lotion, long-term use of eye drops containing chlorpheniramine, boric acid and polysorbate may hurt the eyes, and our eyes have self-cleaning ability. Second, excessive cleaning of women’s private parts will cause gynecological diseases. The best cleaning is warm water. Unless it is in the treatment period, it is best to clean it with clear water.

5, unbalanced catering

What you eat determines who you are. All the cells in your body, including brain cells, will be updated every five months. And some cells, such as the cells that make up your skin, regenerate every 30 days.

A healthy and balanced diet can provide nutrition and motivation to optimize brain function. Your diet will greatly affect your feelings. Nowadays, the diet of many of us is a disaster. Your daily diet can not only help the brain, but also cause harm to the brain.

The most beneficial diet for brain health includes:

A lot of pure water. There is 80% water in the brain.

Very few calories (calories). Obesity is harmful to the brain, because fat can store toxic substances, and obesity can double the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

Lean protein. Such as fish, chicken, lean pork, beef, etc., all contribute to the formation of neurons.

Complex, low glycemic index carbohydrates. Including whole grains, fruits and vegetables.

Healthy fat. Fish, avocados and raw nuts can maintain the cell membrane and myelin of nerve cells.

The diet contains a lot of antioxidants, such as blueberries. Eat "rainbow food" (that is, foods with many colors, not "rainbow candy").

6. skip dinner

Many people don’t eat dinner because they lose weight, or eat snacks and fruits when they are hungry, but in the long run, the nutrition needed by the body can’t keep up. The principle of this diet is that if you eat three meals irregularly, you will have gastrointestinal discomfort, which will steal your life for a long time. Or in order to save money or time, eating leftovers will lead to the risk of disease.

7. Watching TV/mobile phone too much

Use electronic products for a long time. For example, brushing your mobile phone, playing games, chasing dramas and watching short entertainment videos cause eye fatigue and consume liver and blood.

In another study, adults who watch TV for two or three hours a day have a significantly higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Generally speaking, watching TV is a kind of "mindless" behavior. Watch less if you can.

8, excessive alcohol and tobacco

In 2018, The Lancet, an authoritative medical journal in the world, published a research report, saying that even drinking a drop of wine will do harm to your health. As for smoking, research shows that the average life expectancy of smokers is ten years shorter than that of non-smokers.

The harm of smoking and drinking is beyond many people’s imagination. It is recommended that friends who are still smoking and drinking give up smoking and drinking as soon as possible.

9. Excessive sweetness (especially aspartame)

Many people say that they feel much better after they stop taking artificial sweeteners. Headache disappeared, thinking became clearer, joint pain was relieved, memory was enhanced, and surprisingly, some people even lost weight. I think this is also determined by our own genetic makeup. Some people seem to have no problem eating artificial sweeteners, while others have adverse reactions. However, it is better to eat less.

10. Stay up late for a long time

Staying up late is very harmful, which not only causes dark circles, but also reduces vision. The eyes will also be dry. Secondly, staying up late is harmful to our health. Some cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal diseases and decreased resistance are all related to staying up late.

11. grumpy

People who like to be grumpy and irritable for a long time can easily cause high blood pressure, heart disease, lung injury and liver injury. In the process of losing your temper, your breathing will become rapid and hyperventilate. The alveoli are constantly expanding, which is harmful to health. According to a study by Harvard University, people who are often angry are 4.7 times more likely to have a heart attack than ordinary people.

12. Sitting for a long time and not exercising.

Sedentary for a long time, lack of physical exercise, so that the human body’s consumption decreased, fat increased, causing obesity. In particular, the unwillingness to exercise after meals leads to the inability to metabolize sugar and fat in the body, which is prone to some basic chronic diseases in the elderly.

Don’t keep in good health after the age of 13 and 50.

When a person is over half a hundred, all the functions of the body will go downhill. If you stay up late, overeat and eat a lot of fish as you did when you were young, and you don’t care if you have the "three highs", people will quickly age or have a disease state.

People’s life is very fragile in middle age, so we should pay attention to health according to age and physique, otherwise accidents will easily occur.

14. Never have a physical examination.

It is easy for people to neglect health care when they are in good health, which will gradually cause hidden dangers to the body to varying degrees, so long-term care for health is more important than emergency treatment. It is suggested to have regular physical examination, pay attention to physical changes, and consult doctors and nutritionists in time to keep healthy.

There are many bad habits that "steal" people’s life. People with long life tend to be self-disciplined and know how to love themselves, because they understand the truth: life is given by their parents, and the extension of life is formed by long-term good living habits.

Moderation in everything and peace of mind prolong life. No matter what you eat or do, you should be in a "comfortable" state, so that you can get the password of a healthy and happy life.

Original title: "Get rid of these bad habits that make you" shorten your life "! People who live long are very self-disciplined.

Read the original text

"The decade since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has witnessed the greatest scientific and technological progress and the fastest improvement in scientific and technological strength. China’s scientific and technological undertakings have undergone historic, holistic and structural changes, successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries and fully integrated into the global innovation network, showing the overall layout and development trend with the characteristics of the new era."

On May 12th, Tommy, Vice Minister of Science and Technology, made the above summary on the development of science and technology at the press conference on the theme of "China this decade" held by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee.

In the past ten years, from innovation as the first driving force for development, to fully implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, to insisting on putting scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall national development, and to taking scientific and technological self-reliance as the strategic support for national development, the road of independent innovation with China characteristics has become wider and wider.

The strength of science and technology has risen rapidly.

Statistics show that the total R&D expenditure in China is 2.7 times that in 2012, and the basic research expenditure is 3.4 times that in 2012. China’s global innovation index has risen by 22 places in ten years, making it the only country in the world that keeps rising rapidly.

All-round development, outstanding characteristics and quality improvement … In the past decade, science and technology have become the first driving force to support and lead China’s high-quality economic development and improve people’s livelihood.

Tommy summed up the important characteristics of China’s scientific and technological development in the past ten years-

The level of scientific research and the overall strength of the discipline have greatly increased. Several disciplines have reached the international leading level, and the research and development capabilities of scientific research institutions, universities and leading scientific and technological enterprises have obviously increased in the global position. There were less than 50,000 high-tech enterprises ten years ago, but now there are 330,000. Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, three major international science and technology innovation centers, have all entered the top 10 in the ranking of global science and technology innovation clusters.

Produce a number of world-class scientific and technological achievements in the fields of basic research and strategic high technology. The exploration of Mars by Tian Wen, the landing of Chang ‘e on the moon, the successful docking of the core modules of Shenzhou XIII and Tianhe have made a great leap in China’s deep space exploration. The successful development of "Deep Sea Warrior", "Struggler" and "Haidou No.1" indicates that China has the ability to detect the depth of 10,000 meters in the whole sea. In the field of quantum science and technology, China has become the only country in the world that has reached the milestone of "the superiority of quantum computing" in two physical systems.

Independent research and development of a large number of advanced technical equipment and systems into practical use has become a "sharp weapon" to promote rapid industrial upgrading. Supercomputing, high-speed railway, smart grid, fourth-generation nuclear power and UHV transmission technology have all entered the world’s advanced ranks. In particular, the deep expansion of 5G R&D and application scenarios, and the initial establishment of China’s characteristic ecology for the development of artificial intelligence are accelerating the empowerment of all industries. With the support of large computing power and supercomputing, the digital economy is booming, and a number of smart cities, smart factories, intelligent medical care and intelligent transportation are taking shape.

At the same time, the number of original new drugs developed has increased significantly compared with ten years ago, and a variety of COVID-19 vaccines, detection reagents and therapeutic drugs have strongly supported the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic; In the front line of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, a large number of science and technology commissioners played an important role; The application of more than 200 achievements of "Science and Technology Winter Olympics" has strongly supported the high-quality hosting of the Beijing Winter Olympics …

"Of course, we are also clearly aware that compared with the world’s leading countries, China’s scientific and technological innovation still has a long way to go." Tommy said that facing the future, China’s scientific and technological circles will face up to problems, face up to difficulties and make unremitting efforts to build a world science and technology power.

System reform was accelerated.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has placed innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, unswervingly followed the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, and made full efforts to reform the scientific and technological system.

"The reform of the science and technology system has always been regarded as the focus of comprehensively deepening reform." Tommy said that in the decade since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform has considered more than 20 major reform programs in the field of science and technology. So far, the 143 tasks deployed in the implementation plan for deepening the reform of the science and technology system proposed by the central government have been fully completed, and the institutional and basic framework for supporting comprehensive innovation has been basically established. Substantial progress has been made in the reform of key areas and key links, and breakthroughs have been made in some key difficulties and blocking points that have not been solved for a long time. China has set up the National Science and Technology Advisory Committee for the first time, established the National Science and Technology Ethics Committee, reconstructed the science and technology planning system, solved the problem of closed and scattered allocation of science and technology resources, and the science and technology governance mechanism is more suitable for the needs of science and technology development. The national laboratory has been built, the reorganization of the national key laboratory system has been initiated, the autonomy of universities and research institutes has been expanded, the main position of enterprise innovation has been basically established, the national strategic scientific and technological strength has been further strengthened, and a strong synergy has been formed to promote scientific and technological innovation.

In the aspect of scientific research funds, the distribution policy oriented by knowledge value is implemented, the management system of scientific and technological projects and funds based on trust is established, the evaluation orientation centered on quality, performance and contribution is established, and the incentive for scientific researchers is greatly enhanced. Through the reform of "three evaluations", the reform of project evaluation, talent evaluation and institutional evaluation has been carried out in an orderly manner, and many localities and units have explored the realization path of classified evaluation.

Following the law of scientific exploration and technological innovation, we have implemented the system of "revealing the list and taking the lead" and "horse racing" for major tasks, implemented the chief scientist responsibility system for frontier exploration projects, and set up subversive technical projects to support scientists’ bold exploration. In the "14th Five-Year Plan" national key R&D plan, young scientists are generally set up, so that more young scientists can take the lead and take the lead, which has been widely welcomed. In addition, it also gives scientists greater decision-making power on technical routes and the right to use funds, freeing researchers from the cumbersome and unnecessary institutional constraints.

In order to solve the long-standing problem of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, an important orientation of scientific and technological system reform in recent years is to speed up the establishment of the transfer and transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and open up channels among science and technology, industry and finance. To this end, the reward for the transformation income of scientific and technological personnel has been greatly increased, the right to use, dispose of and benefit from scientific and technological achievements has been fully decentralized, and a pilot project has been carried out to give scientific and technological personnel ownership and long-term use rights.

Established a relatively complete inclusive policy and institutional arrangement to encourage enterprise innovation. The deduction ratio of R&D expenses of enterprises has increased from 50% in 2012 and 75% in 2018 to 100% in the fields of technology-based SMEs and manufacturing, which reflects the orientation of supporting technology-based SMEs. At present, more than 3/4 of China’s total social R&D investment is invested by enterprises, and 79% of the national key R&D plans are led or participated by enterprises.

The technology trading market continues to grow, and the activity of the technology trading market reflects the activity of the transfer and transformation of achievements. Last year, the national technology contract transaction volume reached 3.7 trillion, far exceeding the R&D investment of the whole society in that year and 5.8 times that of 2012.

In the capital market, the establishment of science and technology innovation board, the reform of the Growth Enterprise Market, the establishment of the North Stock Exchange, and the smooth channels for direct listing and financing of hard technology enterprises are forming a virtuous circle of mutual shaping of science and technology, industry and finance. In the past, weak ties, where science, technology and economy were amplified by the participation of financial and capital markets, has become a strong coupling now.

"To achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, China depends on high-level innovative talents in the final analysis." Tommy said that in the next step, the Ministry of Science and Technology will, in accordance with the deployment of the CPC Central Committee, take the implementation of the three-year plan for tackling key problems in scientific and technological reform as the main line, pay close attention to implementation, stimulate the innovative vitality of all kinds of talents, and make more researchers with real talents and practical knowledge available.

　　With the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the people of the whole country are united as one, and Qi Xin is united in fighting the epidemic. In this battle without smoke, in addition to the medical staff and related workers who went to the front line, ordinary people consciously isolated themselves at home, went out less and didn’t get together, trying to control the epidemic in a short time. Of course, in the days of anti-virus at home, from motionless to motionless, from motionless to motionless, people always feel that the outside world is really wonderful. And the children want to go out and have a close contact with nature.

　　For this epidemic, I believe everyone has already understood that it is generally susceptible to the crowd, and the elderly and people with basic diseases are seriously ill after infection. For teenagers and children, from their physiological and anatomical characteristics and autoimmune function, respiratory tract infections are more likely to occur, and the younger they are, the less likely they are to be found. Once they get sick, they progress faster. Recently, the number of cases of children infected with novel coronavirus has gradually increased, and the smallest infected person is a baby less than 3 months old. Therefore, daily protection and observation at home are the key points to prevent infection among teenagers and children. However, it is children’s nature to move and play. In the face of this epidemic, exercise is also an effective means to improve immunity. On the contrary, sedentary will lead to decreased immune function and increased risk of infection. Although it is not suitable to go out, parents take their children to do some interesting little exercises at home, which can not only enhance immunity and prevent infection, but also release their children’s nature and get happiness in sports.

　　Small body arithmetic, fitness and brain health.

　　Use your body to express simple arithmetic with your child.

　

　

　　Arithmetic 1: 1+1=2

　　Action essentials: raise an arm to represent "1", the big arm is parallel to the ground, and the small arm is perpendicular to the big arm; The horizontal lifting of both hands forms a "+"with the trunk; Raise your hands horizontally in front of you for "="; Raising both hands at the same time means "2".

　　Arithmetic 2: 2+2=4

　　Action essentials: The number "4" can be represented by bending down, straightening your arms and touching the ground as far as possible. Your hands and feet form a "4", so be careful not to bend your knees during pressing. Parents can also let their children use their brains to find other body language that means "4".

　　Arithmetic 3: 4+4=8

　　Action essentials: The number "8" is represented by putting your hands on your hips and twisting your waist clockwise or counterclockwise, just like the "8" around a twist. Parents can also find more "8" expressions with children.

　　Parents can take their children to continue to explore more physical arithmetic. After studying at their desks and watching TV, let them get up and do a set of such physical arithmetic together to avoid becoming couch potatoes. You can also disrupt the order and test each other with your children to see who can react faster and do more standard, and keep fit and strengthen your brain at the same time.

　　Stop at the red light and go at the green light, and don’t forget to learn the rules for fitness.

　　Preparation stage: everyone stays still and waits for the password.

　　Red light: when you hear the red light command, stop moving immediately, keep your posture immediately, and wait for the next command.

　　Green light: start jumping, jump with your hands and feet open, keep your arms straight, and clap your hands above your head; Jump again, feet together, arms straight down from both sides, hands touching both sides of thighs, and so on.

　　Play traffic light games with children at home, and the rules are issued by giving a password that makes people shout red or green lights. When the red light is red, everyone stays still, and when the green light is green, everyone immediately starts jumping together. Participants in the game should give the fastest response according to the password, and the slowest response or the opposite response to the password is a challenge failure.

　　People can increase the difficulty and interest of the game by repeating instructions and adjusting the interval between instructions. The jumping time of the green light should not exceed one minute, and it can be marked by the child’s accelerated breathing and slight sweating. The traffic light game can help children learn rules in the game and improve their reaction ability. At the same time, the opening and closing jump in the green light can also improve their cardiopulmonary endurance.

　　Bear crawling, crab crawling, imitating animals is more fun.

　　Although it is impossible to go out at home, parents can take their children at home to imitate the small animals in nature and crawl freely at home.

　　Bear crawling: imitate the bear crawling forward, backward, left and right with his hands and feet. During crawling, try not to touch the ground with his knees and keep his trunk parallel to the ground as much as possible. Parents can also deliberately raise the trunk to let the children get out from below to improve the fun.

　　Crab crawling: imitating crab crawling, parents lead children to support their trunk with their hands and feet in a supine posture, lift their hips off the ground, crawl left and right with their hands and feet, and touch the ground with their hips is a challenge failure. In the process of crawling, children’s coordination can be improved and their core control ability can be exercised.

　　The above small sports and games are suitable for home, and at the same time, children’s immunity, sensitivity, coordination, cardiopulmonary endurance and other physical qualities and functions can be improved through exercise. The recommended amount of physical activity for teenagers and children is not less than 60 minutes of moderate and high-intensity physical activity every day. Parents can take their children to practice for many times, and each time they do a small exercise of 20-30 minutes. The intensity of exercise is appropriate for children to sweat slightly, breathe faster but still have a short conversation. Although children are longing for the outside world, playing some small fitness games with parent-child interaction at home in special periods can also exercise, enlighten wisdom, enhance parent-child feelings and have a pleasant and unforgettable holiday.

Today, Zhejiang Satellite TV’s "Run" released a concept poster in the tenth season, announcing that the pace of warm start-up is approaching with "Run! Run!" On the scene of Zhejiang Satellite TV’s 2022 spring blockbuster communication meeting, Yao Yitian, the general director, officially announced this season’s MC lineup. The members of the brothers group, Jerry Lee, Angelababy, Ryan, Sha Yi, KUN, Bailu and Charlie, assembled in the form of "group chat" to jointly start a new season of happy running.

The brothers’ group is ingenious and announces with "group chat"

"red envelope for starting work" announces the warm start of the tenth season

All along, "Running" has brought fresh and unique experiences to the audience with innovative themes and contents. On the occasion of "Running Ten", the members made an official announcement in the form of "group chat". At the event site, the general directors Yao Yitian and Sha Yi "patted" the members of the Brothers Group one by one in the "Run" WeChat group to complete the assembly ceremony. Yao Yitian, the general director, also sent 10 yuan’s "red envelope for starting work" in the group chat with great sense of ceremony, which means that the tenth season is perfect.

Brothers share the new expectation of "Running Ten"

The surprise joining of White Deer and Charlie triggered expectations.

In the face of the "running" in the tenth season, the members not only have infinite feelings of "running for ten", but also look forward to the future. In the video call, the brothers also put forward "small requirements" to the general director: Jerry Lee hopes that Yao Yitian can take care of himself; Angelababy wants to invite more new friends to play together; Ryan asked Yao Yitian’s hairstyle and makeup to "stand up"; KUN proposed to challenge "one-day PD"; White deer ridiculed "I hope Yao Dao can accept three punishments with us."

In addition, Charlie, who failed to connect to the scene, also sent a video. In the video, Charlie said that he was "very happy to join the" Run "family" and invited Jerry Lee to form an alliance. All kinds of warm and "grounded" and a little "naughty" requirements show the deep friendship between the brothers and the program group.

As a popular national variety show, "Run" is constantly being iteratively updated along the way. Now, the "Run" of "Running Ten" has set off again. It will organically integrate fun and public welfare with a more youthful look, more diverse themes and more diverse ways of playing, and focus on amateur guests and moving stories from all walks of life, showing the sense of responsibility and value of national variety in laughter.

Director:

Screenwriter: Krzysztof kieslowski/Krzysztof Piesevich

Starring: /Jean-Louis Trintignant/Fredrikui Feder/Jean-Pierre Rowlett

Type: Plot/love/suspense

Producer country/region: France/Poland/Switzerland

A classic work of movie master in the world.

Polish director krzysztof kieslowski used color to the extreme in his series Blue, White and Red Trilogy. The main colors of the three films are blue, white and red, which have brought strong visual impact to the audience. This week’s movie ""is the finale of the trilogy — — Red in the blue, white and red trilogy.

Movie poster of Blue, White and Red Trilogy

In 1993, the film was well received after its release. The heroine in this film is played by. With this film, she won the Best Actress Award at the 50th Venice International Film Festival.

Blue, white and red trilogy blue

In 1994, the film was released, and director Khiesz Lovsky won the Best Director Award at the 44th Berlin International Film Festival for this film.

White in the Blue, White and Red Trilogy

In the same year, The Red of the Blue, White and Red trilogy, the last film of the trilogy, was released and won three nominations for the 67th Academy Awards.

Red in the Blue, White and Red Trilogy

However, after filming The Red of the Blue, White and Red Trilogy, director Khiesz Lovsky announced that he was about to retire. Two years later, Khiesz Lovsky died of a heart attack at the age of 54, and this film The Red of the Blue, White and Red Trilogy became the curtain call of his film career.

Life photos of krzysztof kieslowski

Re-cooperation after

The heroine of the film "Red in the Blue, White and Red Trilogy" is played by Irene Jacob. She won the Best Actress Award at the 44th Cannes International Film Festival for her first starring film "Two Flowers". Moreover, when filming this film, Elena was booked by director Khiesz Lovsky as the heroine of the last film of The Blue, White and Red Trilogy. Director Khiesz Lovsky noticed her because of a small role.

Life photos of Irene Jacob

In 1987, the French film Goodbye, Children won the Golden Lion Award at the 44th Venice International Film Festival. There is a small role of a piano teacher in the film, and her role is played by Irene Jacob, a 21-year-old student at the French National Theatre Academy. This is her screen debut. It is such a supporting role with only four scenes and seven lines that Khiesz Lovsky, an internationally renowned director, noticed this fledgling French film newcomer.

Irene Jacob’s stills in Goodbye, Children.

Three years later, when director Khiesz Lovsky was looking for an actor for the film Two Flowers, he thought of the fresh face in the film Goodbye, Children. At this time, Elena was still an ordinary little actress. Suddenly one day, she received an unexpected invitation, so she made an important decision in her life and flew to Paris just to meet the director.

Irene Jacob’s Stills in Two Flowers

A heroine tailored for Elena

The movie "Two Flowers" pushed Elena, an actress who has only been in the film for four years, to the peak of her career. The 25-year-old Elena won the Best Actress Award at the 44th Cannes Film Festival with this film, and became a movie star who surprised the international film circle at that time.

Irene Jacob’s Stills in Two Flowers

Three years later, director Khiesz Lofsky fulfilled his previous invitation and chose Irene Jacob as the heroine in his final curtain call.

A photo of Khiesz Lovsky and Irene Jacob.

The performances of the films "Two Flowers" and "The Red of the Blue, White and Red Trilogy" won Elena great international praise, and films from major studios poured in, but Elena chose to fade out of public attention. She is not in a hurry to shoot, and she spends most of her time reading autobiographies of celebrities such as Tolstoy and Balzac. In 1995, Elena spoke dialogue in English for the first time in the film Othello adapted from Shakespeare’s plays.

Irene Jacob’s Stills in Othello

In addition to acting in different kinds of films, she also performed stage plays in West End of London. In 2015, she performed four consecutive performances in Beijing with the stage play Metamorphosis adapted from Kafka’s novel of the same name.

Irene Jacob starred in Metamorphosis in Beijing.

The girl accidentally injured a dog, but it revealed the secret of the judge’s eavesdropping on the phone. Is it accidental or inevitable for people in different spaces and places to follow their fate? Let’s go into this week’s best film — — Red in the blue, white and red trilogy!

Red in the Blue, White and Red Trilogy

This program is live.

In this issue of CCTV-6 movie channel "A Good Movie with a Date" on Saturday, the actor will take you into the movie "The Red of the Blue, White and Red Trilogy". In the Sunday film review edition, director, film scholar Suo Yabin and actor Wang Zizi will work with the host to analyze the director’s style and the deep connotation of the film for you.

Film review site

Promotion version site

Welcome to this issue.CCTV-6 movie channel "Good film has a date"

Saturday, August 6

22:21 Saturday Promotion Edition

22:30 "Red in the Blue, White and Red Trilogy"

Sunday, August 7

13:13 "Red in the Blue, White and Red Trilogy"

14:47 Sunday Film Review Edition

On November 4th, the Shenzhen team will face the final match with Beijing Guoan at home. Today, the coach team leader Xiang Jun and player Hu Jiajin attended the pre-match press conference and introduced the team’s preparations.

Talk about preparing for war

I’m glad to be back at home. No matter what the team’s achievements are now, it’s very exciting to finish the last game of this year with the support of the home fans, and the team will go all out to dedicate a wonderful game to the fans.

Tomorrow is the 14th game you coached this season. The results of the first 13 games were 1 draw and 12 losses. Will it be a pity that you didn’t win the next game?

As a coach or any player, every game is prepared with the goal of winning. There may be some other objective reasons for not winning, and the result itself is regrettable, but we all go all out to prepare and hope to achieve the desired goal as much as possible.

During the preparation for this game, did you tell the players how to say goodbye to the fans after the last game of this year, and was there any special ceremony?

For the interaction between players and fans after the game, I think it should be more impromptu or temporary. We can’t do rehearsals outside of football tactics, and our attention is still focused on the game itself.

Hu Jiajin spoke.

Although the team has been relegated, tomorrow is the last Super League game of the season, and there will still be many fans supporting us. We will definitely try our best to win this game and give the fans an explanation.

　　China News Service, Johannesburg, March 7 (Reporter Damon) On March 7, local time, South Africa’s Rand Water Company confirmed that due to the continuous serious failure of regional pumping stations, large-scale water cuts occurred in cities or regions including Johannesburg and rustenburg recently, and the water cuts generally lasted for more than 48 hours.

　　Eikenhof Pumping Station in the south of Johannesburg was struck by severe lightning on the 1st of this month, so the main units of the pumping station failed to supply power normally, resulting in the pump station having to stop running. On the 4th, the problem of the faulty pumping station escalated again, and its circuit system exploded, resulting in "water shortage" in most areas of Joburg and parts of surrounding provinces.

　　On the evening of the 6 th, the Thornton area, the core financial center of South Africa, also suffered a large-scale water cut. As it is in midsummer and South Africa is experiencing a round of extremely hot weather, this large-scale and long-term water stoppage has caused dissatisfaction among all sectors of society. In order to maintain a normal life, people in areas where water supply is interrupted have to carry buckets at night and walk to temporary water supply points to queue up for water.

　　On the 7th, Rand Water Company responded that the problem of the faulty pumping station was temporarily solved after the emergency operation of the emergency repair personnel, and most of the water-cut areas in Joburg, which was most affected, would resume water supply one after another. However, it will take some time to restore normal water supply in areas such as Rudput and Landborg, because the standby water source has been exhausted before. Rand Water Company promised that during this period, it will continue to send mobile water supply vehicles to the water-cut areas.