First, the role of exercise in health preservation

Chinese medicine calls essence, qi and spirit "three treasures", which are closely related to human life. Exercise and health preservation firmly grasp these three links, and adjust consciousness to nourish the mind; Lead qi with intention, adjust breathing to practice qi, promote blood circulation with qi, and flow around the whole body; Through the movement of the body, bones and joints, the meridians of the whole body are unblocked and the whole body is nourished. If so, the body has both form and spirit, the pulse is smooth, the inside and outside are in harmony, and the viscera are in harmony, so that the body can reach the state of "yin and yang are secret", thus improving the health of the body and maintaining vigorous vitality.

Modern scientific research has proved that regular and moderate exercise has the following benefits to the body:

1. It can promote blood circulation, improve the nutritional status of the brain, promote the metabolism of brain cells, and give full play to the functions of the brain, thus benefiting the health of the nervous system and helping to maintain exuberant emotion and stable mood.

2, make the myocardium developed, contract strongly, promote blood circulation, enhance the vitality of the heart and the respiratory function of the lungs, and improve the peripheral circulation.

3, increase the strength of diaphragm and abdominal muscles, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent food from staying in the digestive tract, and facilitate digestion and absorption.

4. It can promote and improve the blood circulation of internal organs, which is beneficial to the physiological functions of organs.

5, can improve the immune function and endocrine function of the body, thus making the vitality of the human body more vigorous.

6, enhance the vitality of muscle joints, make people move flexibly and lightly, and react quickly and quickly.

Second, the characteristics of exercise health

The characteristics of traditional exercise regimen can be summarized as follows:

(A) to guide the fitness exercise with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine

No matter what kind of traditional body posture, it is based on the theories of Yin and Yang, viscera, qi and blood, meridians and other aspects of traditional Chinese medicine, with nourishing essence, practicing qi and regulating the mind as the basic points of exercise, taking dynamic form as the basic form of exercise, and using Yin and Yang theory to guide the virtual, real, dynamic and static movements; Use the opening and closing lifting to guide the flexion, extension and pitching of the movement; Explain the coordination and unity of form, spirit, qi, blood, exterior and interior in exercise and fitness with the overall concept. Therefore, every move of fitness exercise is closely related to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

(2) Pay attention to the harmony and unity of intentional defense, pranayama and verb-form.

Emphasize the coordination of mind, breathing and body movement, that is, the so-called unity of intention, pranayama and movement. Intention refers to concentration; Pranayama refers to respiratory regulation; Dynamic form refers to the movement of the body, and unity refers to the harmonious cooperation among the three. It is necessary to achieve the consistency of form and spirit, the harmony between form and qi, and the harmony between form and qi, so that the movement and quietness are appropriate, so as to play the role of health and fitness.

(3) integrating guidance, qigong, martial arts and medical science.

The traditional exercise regimen is the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people in China. For thousands of years, people have summed up a lot of valuable experience in health care practice, which has continuously enriched and developed sports health care and formed a health care method with Chinese characteristics that integrates guidance, qigong, martial arts and medicine. The techniques derived from guiding Qigong include: Wuqinxi, Baduanjin, etc. Martial arts achievements such as Tai Ji Chuan and Taiji Sword. No matter what kind of exercises, they all emphasize pranayama, intentional defense and dynamic shape, and all aim at unblocking qi and blood meridians, activating bones and muscles, and regulating viscera. Integrating the strengths of various families is a major feature of exercise health preservation.

Third, the principle of exercise regimen

The reason why the traditional exercise regimen in China can keep fit, cure diseases and prolong life is because it has a set of systematic theories, principles and methods, which pay attention to and emphasize the coordination and unity inside and outside the body, harmony and moderation. There are three principles:

(A) to master the essentials of exercise regimen

The practice essentials of traditional sports health preservation are the unity of intentional defense, pranayama and dynamic shape. Among these three aspects, the most important thing is to be intentional. Only by focusing on the spirit can we calm down, breathe evenly and guide the circulation of qi and blood. The relationship between the three is: to lead the gas with meaning, and to be aerodynamic.

(B) Emphasis on moderation, not excessive.

Exercise health is to achieve the purpose of fitness through exercise, so we should pay attention to mastering the amount of exercise. If the amount of exercise is too small, it will not achieve the purpose of exercise and will not play a role in fitness; If it is too big, it will exceed the tolerance limit of the body, but it will damage the body due to overwork. Sun Simiao pointed out in "A Thousand Daughters’ Prescription": "The way to cultivate one’s nature is always to work hard, but it’s hard to be exhausted and strong." Therefore, exercise and fitness emphasize the right amount of exercise, step by step, and don’t rush for success.

(C) advocate perseverance, perseverance

Exercise is not a one-off event, it should be frequent and uninterrupted. On the one hand, the phrase "flowing water does not rot, and the hinge does not moth" explains the truth that "moving does not decay", on the other hand, it also emphasizes the importance of frequent and uninterrupted flow, so that the water can not rot and the hinge can not be moth-eaten. Only by perseverance and perseverance can we get the fitness effect. Exercise is not only physical exercise, but also the exercise of will and perseverance.

The traditional exercise regimen has the same form and many kinds, including one stroke and one type of exercise method, and also a combination of competitive exercise methods; There are fitness methods to form folk customs; There are also self-contained fitness methods. There are two forms of exercise regimen:

First, various forms of folk fitness law

Most of these fitness methods are scattered among the people, with simple methods, simple equipment and interesting activities. Such as: less exercise, easy and gentle walking, outing, swinging, flying kites, kicking shuttlecock, health balls, etc.; Skipping rope, climbing, horse racing, archery, lifting stone locks and so on with moderate exercise.

China is a multi-ethnic country, and each ethnic group has its own customs and traditions. Among them, mass activities aimed at sports and fitness are fitness methods with national characteristics. Such as tug-of-war, dragon boat race, wrestling, horse racing, seesaw, stilt walking, dragon lantern dancing, roller boating and various dances, etc., belong to this category.

Second, the systematic fitness method with its own routines

This kind of exercise and fitness method is often based on the folk fitness method. Under the guidance of a certain theory, it has a purpose, specific requirements and needs to be learned and trained to master. Because it has a series of continuous movements, it can make all parts of the human body get a more comprehensive and systematic exercise, which is a higher level of fitness exercise in the traditional exercise regimen. The genre of sports health preservation mainly refers to the self-contained fitness method.

Most of these fitness exercises originated from Taoism and Buddhism, and have been enriched and developed from generation to generation, thus forming various schools. Briefly as follows:

(A) Taoist bodybuilding

The theory of Taoist body-building originated from Laozi and Zhuangzi, and advocated to nourish qi in order to improve life ability, put forward "guidance" and "shape cultivation", and emphasized the viewpoint of practicing qi to preserve health. Representative Taoist body-building exercises, such as Hua Tuo’s "Five Birds Play", Mawangdui’s "Guide Map" Fetal Breathing Sutra, Baduanjin and Tai Ji Chuan, all belong to this category.

(B) Buddhist fitness

Buddhist body-building originated from meditation. In order to ensure the smooth progress of "meditation", it is necessary to take some measures to exercise bones and muscles and dredge blood vessels. As a result, the Buddhist body-building techniques have gradually formed, which are representative of Dharma Yijinjing, Tianzhu massage, Mind Boxing, Luohan Eighteen Hands, Shaolin Boxing, Zen Secret Skill and so on.

There are two main cradles of China Wushu. One is Zhongyue Songshan, which is the excavation site of Zen Buddhism and Shaolin Wushu. One is Wudang Mountain in Hubei, the birthplace of Taoism and wu-tang clan Wushu. Therefore, in terms of religion, there is a difference between Taoism and Buddhism, and in terms of martial arts, there is a difference between Shaolin and Wudang. Although Wushu is a technique of attack and self-defense, its excellent achievement is aimed at fitness. To learn Wushu, the first thing is to strengthen the body, so no matter what kind of martial arts and schools, we should focus on fitness.

Baduanjin qigong/eight-section brocade

Baduanjin is a fitness technique composed of eight different movements, hence its name "Baduanjin". Because this kind of fitness exercise can strengthen the body and prolong life, and get rid of diseases, its effect is very good, just like showing people a colorful brocade, so it is called "brocade".

Baduanjin is a popular fitness technique in China, which has a history of more than 800 years according to relevant documents. As early as the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a monograph on Ba Duan Jin. Pan Xia in the Qing Dynasty adapted the Eight-section Brocade into "Twelve-section Brocade" in his Health Requirements. In addition, there are different forms such as "Wen Ba Duan" (sitting) and "Wu Ba Duan" (vertical). In order to facilitate the spread, some people have compiled it into songs. Because Baduanjin is not limited by the environment, it can be done at any time and place, its operation is simple and easy to remember and learn, its exercise is moderate, it is suitable for all ages, and its effect of strengthening body and prolonging life is remarkable, so it has been passed down to this day.

First, the mechanism of health preservation

Baduanjin is a kind of ancient guiding method, which is a fitness method combining physical activity with breathing exercise. Moving limbs can stretch bones and muscles and dredge meridians; Combined with breathing, it is feasible to invigorate the circulation of qi and blood, protect the health and mediate the qi movement. Regular practice of Baduanjin can play a role in health care, disease prevention and treatment.

The health-preserving effect of Baduanjin on human body can be seen from its melody. For example, "two hands holding the triple energizer" means that the action of holding the sky with both hands is beneficial to conditioning the triple energizer function. Holding the sky with both hands, stretching the whole body, accompanied by deep breathing, one is helpful for the movement of the triple energizer, and the other is helpful for massaging and regulating the internal organs, which has the effects of dredging meridians, regulating qi and blood, and nourishing the internal organs. At the same time, it also has a good effect on the back and bones. Others, such as "regulating the spleen and stomach, raising your hand" and "shaking your head and wagging your tail to get rid of heart fire", all achieve the purpose of health preservation by promoting qi and blood and relaxing muscles and bones. Each section of Baduanjin has the key points of exercise. Taken together, it exercises the five senses, head and neck, trunk, limbs, waist, abdomen and other parts of the whole body, and plays a role in health care and conditioning the corresponding internal organs, qi and blood, meridians and collaterals. It is a comprehensive body-building exercise method for the body.

Second, the practice essentials

(1) Breathe evenly: breathe naturally, smoothly and abdomen.

(2) Abide by the abdomen: relax and focus on the navel.

(3) Combination of softness and rigidity: the whole body is relaxed, and the force is gentle, and the stiff force must not be used.

Baduanjin is a fitness method that includes eight coherent sections, and the specific contents are as follows:

Hands hold the triple energizer;

Opening the bow left and right is like shooting an eagle;

Regulating the spleen and stomach requires a single lift;

Look back after five pains and seven injuries;

Shake your head and wag your tail to get rid of your heart;

Climb your feet with both hands to strengthen your kidney and waist;

Save your fist and glare to increase your strength;

Behind it, everything goes wrong.

(Jiao Zhihong, deputy chief physician of Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, authorized to publish on this website)

    Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 5th, by topic:Building a dream with one heart and rallying the strength to forge ahead —— Scanning the first "representative channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress

    Xinhua News Agency reporters Wu Yu, Huang Yao and Feng Jiashun

    Carrying a lot of expectations, we will go to the grand event of spring together.

    At 8 o’clock in the morning on the 5th, the first "representative channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress opened on the north side of the Central Hall of the Great Hall of the People.

    This year marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which is a crucial year to realize the objectives and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan. Six NPC deputies faced Chinese and foreign journalists, shared stories about chasing dreams, talked about their aspirations in performing their duties and conveyed their confidence.

    Yin Tongyue, Chairman of Chery Holding Group, was the first to walk on the channel and share his experience of China’s automobile industry from weak to strong.

    Yin Tongyue recalled that when Chery started its business, it lacked funds, technology and talents, and the automobile market in China was basically monopolized by foreign capital or joint venture brands. After years of hard work and innovation, China has become the world’s largest automobile exporter.

    In 2023, China’s automobile production and sales exceeded 30 million vehicles, with an export of about 5 million vehicles, of which Chery exported nearly 1 million vehicles.

    Yin Tongyue said that China Automobile will continue to increase investment in R&D and brand building, adding luster to "Made in China", "Created in China" and "China Brand".

    As a "light chaser", Gao Jifan, the chairman of Trina Solar Co., Ltd., witnessed the development and growth of another industry, the photovoltaic industry.

    "I have no regrets about the choice at that time." Behind Gao Jifan’s firm words, China’s photovoltaic industry has developed from "three heads outside" in technology, market and equipment to leading the world in market scale, technical level, manufacturing and industrial chain perfection.

    This technology entrepreneur deeply realized that the road to technological innovation has to go through many hardships. Only by firmly grasping innovation and not relaxing can we reap the joy of "the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.".

    Facing multiple challenges in the future, Gao Jifan has a clear attitude: unswervingly carry out independent innovation and strive to be a pathfinder for the high-quality development of photovoltaic industry in China.

    Also persistent in pursuing dreams is the representative of He Yuling from Anyang Workstation, Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

    Yin Ruins are the hometown of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the birthplace of Chinese characters. "The Chinese characters represented by Oracle Bone Inscriptions are the common blood of our Chinese sons and daughters, and they are also an important support for the formation and development of our Chinese nation." He Yuling said proudly.

    He Yuling, who has worked in archaeology for more than 20 years, believes that archaeologists solve the mystery of the ancients like detectives. In the passage, he vividly told the story that he and his colleagues excavated the "Yachang" Niu Zun, which is the only bull-shaped bronze container found in Yin Ruins so far. They also set up expert teams in different fields such as human bones, animals, plants, metallurgy and cultural protection. After years of hard work, they uncovered the mystery that was unknown more than 3,000 years ago.

    He Yuling gave an invitation to the new archaeological discoveries of Yin Ruins in recent years: the new Yin Ruins Museum has been completed and opened, with an exhibition area of 22,000 square meters showing nearly 4,000 pieces of cultural relics. Welcome to visit.

    Chinese cultural treasures have drawn generations of cultural relics workers to seek up and down and make unremitting progress.

    The representative of Hangkan, president of Yungang Research Institute, who has been paying attention to the weathering problem of grottoes, described a special "operation" when entering Cave 39-when climbing to the top floor, the staff would take off their helmets and crouch on the scaffolding for fear of touching the top of the weathered pastry layer by layer.

    "The party and the state attach great importance to the protection of Yungang Grottoes." Hang Kan said that after decades of hard work, the reinforcement of dangerous rock mass has come to an end, and the protection task now has not been alleviated. It is necessary to increase investment in science and technology. They will continue to exert their efforts in the protection, research, exhibition and utilization of Yungang Grottoes, do a good job in the intergenerational inheritance of cultural heritage, and let more people feel the charm of traditional culture.

    The example illuminates the initial heart and strives to achieve the dream.

    As a fighter pilot, representative Gao Zhongqiang, deputy chief of staff of a brigade of the Air Force Aviation, shared his feelings about flying J -20 fighters with his comrades and escorting the remains of Chinese people’s Volunteer Army martyrs back to China.

    "The ancestors fought for the peace of the mountains and rivers and the peace of the country. Today’s happiness is hard-won. This has deepened my reverence and grief for my ancestors and inspired us to dare to fight bayonets in the air at any time. " Gao Zhongqiang said that young officers and men in the new era are capable, responsible, passionate and motivated, and always integrate their youth and dreams into the cause of strengthening the army in the new era.

    As the second year of NPC deputies performing their duties according to law, Liu Chuanjian, chief pilot of China Civil Aviation Flight Academy, brought two suggestions: speeding up the training of civil aviation talents and improving the operation rules of drones. He said that flight safety is no small matter, and any detail is related to life.

    Liu Chuanjian said: "The four bars on the captain’s shoulder represent professionalism, knowledge, technology and responsibility respectively. It reminds me at any time and place that what I hold in my hand is not just the steering column, but the vivid life; Facing not only cold machines and equipment, but countless happy families. "

    The heartfelt wishes of the delegates and the stories of persistent struggle have condensed the powerful force of hard work and inspired people to stride forward on the new journey of promoting Chinese modernization.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 25th Title: Nucleic acid certification, entrance and exit management, vaccination deployment … The countries that started school in autumn made these new adjustments.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Linlin

Recently, many places in the country have announced the start time of autumn. Combined with the current national epidemic situation and the characteristics of prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools in autumn and winter, National Health Commission and the Ministry of Education recently issued the technical plan for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens (the fourth edition).

Compared with the technical scheme of the third edition released before, the technical scheme of the fourth edition has been adjusted and supplemented in the requirements of returning to school, the management of entering and leaving schools, the management of campus activities, and the control of key links, and put forward clear requirements.

Colleges and universities: Teachers and students should hold negative nucleic acid test certificates within 48 hours before starting school.

In terms of returning to school, the new version requires teachers and students in colleges and universities to hold negative certificates of nucleic acid testing within 48 hours before starting school, and take personal protective measures on the way. After arriving at school, nucleic acid testing can be carried out in batches according to local prevention and control requirements. Overseas teachers, students and employees will not return to school without receiving the notice from the school, and will be managed according to the relevant policies of China when returning to school.

In terms of entering and leaving the campus, the new version of the program requires that the school gate be strictly closed, that teachers and students should strictly check their identity and temperature when entering the school, and that outsiders should also check their health codes and travel cards. Reasonably set up express delivery points, strengthen the verification, registration and management of foreign sales and distribution and express delivery personnel (including names, units, visiting departments and personnel, car numbers, etc.), and strengthen the preventive disinfection of cold chain food packaging and mail express.

The reporter found out that in combination with the recent epidemic prevention and control requirements of key units and key populations, the new version of the plan has supplemented and detailed regulations on strengthening the management of public places, canteens, dormitories and activities.

These include: "major events such as the opening ceremony of colleges and universities should be held outdoors in principle", "large-scale indoor gathering activities are not organized unless necessary" and "no outsiders are allowed in the student dormitory".

In addition, in the part of implementing health education, the new version of the program has been added: actively advocate fragmented fitness activities, work and study for 1 hour, and get up for 10 minutes; Incorporate the knowledge and skills of infectious disease prevention and control into the "first lesson" …

As for the deployment of vaccination in colleges and universities after the start of school in autumn, the new version of the plan mentions that teachers and students who have no contraindications and meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine.

"The prevention and control of epidemic situation in the education system has its particularity. The student base is large, the crowd is dense and the space is closed. Promoting vaccination should be an important measure for the prevention and control of epidemic situation on campus." Liu Peijun, deputy director of the Department of Sports Health and Art Education of the Ministry of Education, said.

Primary and secondary schools: We should do everything we can to get Covid-19 vaccination for school-age people.

It is slightly different from the requirements of returning to school in colleges and universities. For primary and secondary schools, the new version of the plan mentions that teachers and students in low-risk areas can return to school after their health status is verified by the school to meet the requirements of local epidemic prevention and control. Teachers and students who have left the country in summer, been to high-risk areas or other special circumstances must provide negative proof of nucleic acid test within 48 hours before returning to school.

In terms of entering and leaving the school gate, the new version of the plan requires that primary and secondary schools fully control all access roads to and from the campus, implement relatively closed management of the campus, and ensure that special personnel are responsible, the regional division is reasonable, and the personnel registration and investigation records are complete. No irrelevant personnel outside the school are allowed to enter the school.

Recently, according to the overall deployment of vaccination in Covid-19, all localities are promoting Covid-19 vaccination for people aged 12 to 17 in an orderly manner. In the deployment of COVID-19 vaccination in primary and secondary schools, the new version of the plan emphasizes that we should do a good job in Covid-19 vaccination for school-age people and plan the vaccination schedule reasonably.

Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, suggested that children and adolescents are susceptible groups in COVID-19. There are four main considerations to promote vaccination for minors: First, with the continuation of the epidemic, the prevalence rate of children in some countries with serious epidemics is rising; Second, there are some severe cases among infected children, and some children die; Third, as long as Covid-19 is infected, it is a source of infection. From the perspective of controlling the source of infection, children should also strengthen management; Fourth, the global epidemic has not been controlled, and it is an indispensable part to establish a group immune barrier, and vaccination of children and adolescents.

"At present, according to the monitoring and analysis of adverse reactions, the incidence of adverse reactions of children and adolescents vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine is not higher than that of adults over 18 years old." Wang Huaqing said.

In the part of improving the environment, compared with the third edition of the technical scheme, the reporter found that the new edition of the scheme added provisions on the safety of school food and drinking water, emphasizing that the canteen and drinking water equipment and facilities should be thoroughly inspected, cleaned and disinfected before the school starts, and the drinking water equipment and facilities should be qualified for industry testing and monitoring to ensure the safety of drinking water. Check the safety of food raw materials in school canteens. Strengthen the preventive disinfection of cold chain food packaging and mail.

As for the management of campus activities, the new version mentioned that campus gathering activities are not necessarily held, and activities that are really necessary should be reported to the local education department for approval, so as to reduce the scale, shorten the time, control the flow of people and keep the distance.

At the same time, the school should ensure students’ physical exercise time, with one hour of physical activity inside and outside the school every day; On that day, there was no physical education class, and the school should organize students to do collective physical exercise after class.

The new version of the plan suggests that there is no middle-high risk area within the county (city, district) where the school is located, and teachers and students may not wear masks in class.

Nursery institutions: teachers and nurses should be relatively fixed, and children’s gathering activities should be strictly controlled.

The requirements for kindergartens to return to the park in the new version of the scheme are roughly the same as those in primary and secondary schools: teachers and children in low-risk areas can return to school after their health conditions meet the local epidemic prevention and control requirements after being audited by the park. Before returning from overseas, high-risk areas or other special circumstances, faculty and children must provide negative proof of nucleic acid test within 48 hours.

The prevention and control of epidemic situation in kindergartens protects young children with poor resistance. According to the characteristics of children’s age, the new version of the program requires that kindergartens implement relatively closed management in the park, and irrelevant personnel are not allowed to enter the park. Parents pick up and drop off their children in strict accordance with the pick-up and drop-off time of child care institutions, so as to prevent traffic congestion around child care institutions and crowd gathering at the gate of the park. Parents don’t enter the park when they pick up their children.

In the management of activities in the park, the new version emphasizes that teachers and nurses should be relatively fixed to reduce the flow overlap between different groups. According to the epidemic situation, national and territorial epidemic prevention and control policies, children’s gathering activities should be strictly controlled and large-scale gathering activities should not be organized.

In order to ensure the nutrition and hygiene of children’s diet, the new version of the program requires strict control of purchase channels, and raw materials such as food are purchased from formal channels to ensure traceability. Strengthen the hygienic management of food and drinking water, strictly control the quality of food, and strictly implement the inspection and record system of food purchase.

Ma Jun, a professor at Peking University Children and Adolescent Health Research Institute, suggested that autumn and winter are the high incidence seasons of respiratory infectious diseases. The difficulty of epidemic prevention in nurseries is that if children have common infectious diseases such as influenza or common cold in autumn and winter, they will also have symptoms such as fever and cough. Because these symptoms are similar to those in COVID-19, the most difficult thing is to distinguish and identify them. Therefore, improving children’s physical resistance is a very effective way to prevent and control the epidemic in nurseries.

The new version of the plan mentions that kindergartens should arrange physical exercise with appropriate content and form, outdoor activities for more than 2 hours a day, and moderate and above-intensity physical activities for children over 3 years old for at least 1 hour.

District Health and Wellness Committees, Social Affairs Bureau of Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, standardized training bases for residents, relevant medical and health institutions and relevant universities:

According to the Opinions of the former Municipal Health Bureau, the Municipal Education Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau and the Municipal Medical Bureau on Promoting the Construction of the Standardized Training System for Resident Doctors in Beijing (No.10 [2012] of the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau and the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau), the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures for the Personnel Management of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors in Beijing (No.17 [2012] of the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau) The Notice of the former Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission and the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau on Relevant Matters Concerning the Introduction of Self-trained Personnel for Standardized Training of Residents from Non-Beijing Sources (J.W. Group [2016] No.26) and the Notice of the former Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission on Further Standardizing the Recruitment of Residents in Beijing (J.W. Science and Education [2016] No.30) stipulate that it is decided to organize and carry out the standardized training of residents in this city in 2023 according to the overall arrangement of the whole city. The Work Plan for Standardized Training and Recruitment of Resident Doctors in Beijing in 2023 is hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow it.

Beijing Municipal Committee of Health and Wellness, Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine

July 30, 2023

Standardized training of residents in Beijing in 2023

Recruitment work plan

　I. Recruitment Plan

(1) Training major

1. Clinical specialties: internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency department, dermatology, psychiatry, neurology, general practice, rehabilitation medicine, surgery, surgery (neurosurgery direction), pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, anesthesiology, clinical pathology, laboratory medicine, radiology, ultrasound medicine, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology and intensive care medicine.

2. Stomatology: general dentistry, stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics, orthodontics, oral pathology, oral and maxillofacial imaging (including stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics, orthodontics, oral pathology and oral and maxillofacial imaging, which are only provided by residents of Peking University Stomatological Hospital and Beijing Stomatological Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University).

3. Chinese medicine major: Chinese medicine (Chinese medicine internal medicine, Chinese medicine surgery, Chinese medicine gynecology, Chinese medicine pediatrics, Chinese medicine five sense organs, acupuncture and massage (including Chinese medicine rehabilitation), Chinese medicine orthopedics), Chinese medicine general practice. Arrangements for ethnic medical graduates to participate in the training will be announced separately.

4. Medical related majors: laboratory medicine (technician), rehabilitation (technician), and resident pharmacist.　

5. Public health.

(2) Training base

See western medicine training base and Chinese medicine training base for details.Beijing resident standardized training recruitment website"Beijing Post-graduate Medical Education Management System" (website: https://bjzyy.wsglw.net) published the "2023 Beijing Resident Standardized Training Recruitment Plan".

Second, the target of recruitment

The training targets should be graduates with bachelor degree or above in full-time medical specialty (including clinical, oral and traditional Chinese medicine, the same below) who intend to engage in clinical medical work in Beijing, or those who have engaged in clinical medical work and obtained the Qualification Certificate of Physician and need to receive training, which are divided into the following three categories:

(1) Entrusting trainers

Persons who have signed employment or labor contracts with medical and health institutions in Beijing (hereinafter referred to as employment units), among whom full-time fresh graduates in 2023 should participate in training this year; Personnel who have been engaged in clinical medical work and obtained the "Doctor Qualification Certificate" and need to be trained shall be selected by the employment unit to participate in the training as appropriate. Those who graduated in 2012 and later and should attend the training according to the regulations but have not yet participated in the previous entrusted training will not be recruited in principle.

Where the employment unit of the entrusted trainees is a community health service center (station), the graduates majoring in clinical medicine are only allowed to fill in general practice, laboratory medicine, radiology and ultrasound medicine, the graduates majoring in stomatology are only allowed to fill in general practice of stomatology, and the graduates majoring in traditional Chinese medicine (including integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine) are only allowed to fill in general practice of traditional Chinese medicine.

(2) Self-trained personnel

It is a full-time medical graduate with bachelor degree or above who has not signed employment or labor contract with employment units inside and outside Beijing, and intends to engage in clinical medical work in Beijing. Among them, graduates who graduated before December 31, 2022 are only registered for general practice, pediatrics, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, anesthesiology, rehabilitation medicine, clinical pathology, emergency department and critical care medicine without obtaining the Certificate of Physician’s Qualification. Self-trained personnel with a bachelor’s degree in adult education for medical majors should have a full-time medical college degree and have obtained the "Physician Qualification Certificate". Chinese medicine majors only recruit graduates who graduated in 2023. Self-trained personnel do not include full-time graduate students.

Those who have completed the training and obtained the training certificate on time, and are recruited by Beijing medical and health institutions, can go through the formalities of settling in Beijing according to the Notice on Relevant Matters Concerning the Introduction of Standardized Training for Non-Beijing Residents (Jingwei Group [2016] No.26).

(3) Postgraduates with professional degrees

In 2023, the postgraduate students in Beijing universities were included in the standardized training of residents in cooperation with medical education in Beijing.

Third, the recruitment process

In 2023, the standardized training and recruitment of residents will be carried out in accordance with online registration, qualification review, assessment and admission, registration and signing of agreements, and review of training years.

(1) Registration

Take online registration methods, including first registration and second supplementary report. Applicants should log on to the homepage of "Beijing Post-graduate Medical Education Management System" (website: https://bjzyy.wsglw.net) from 8: 00 on August 1st to 24: 00 on August 8th, register, read the instructions carefully, fill in personal information and browse the information of the training base. Commissioned trainers and independent trainers respectively completed the first registration according to the recruitment plans of entrusted trainers and independent trainers of various training majors.

Those who fail to enroll for the first time need to attend a second supplementary report. Applicants should complete the second supplementary report according to the supplementary recording plan published on the website from 8: 00 on August 25th to 15: 00 on August 26th. The second supplementary personnel can fill in two volunteers in the same way as the first registration. Chinese medicine majors do not participate in the second supplementary report.

The registration of graduate students with master’s degree shall be organized by the university where they are located, and the specific arrangements will be notified separately.

(2) Examination of registration qualifications

1. Online audit of the employment unit that entrusts the trainees. The audit time is from August 2nd to August 9th.

2. Online audit by the Health and Wellness Committee of the district where the employer entrusted the trainees is located. The audit time is from August 2nd to August 9th.

3. Online review by the Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, with the review time from August 10th to August 11th.

Commissioned training personnel employment units for tertiary medical and health institutions, units (not including regional tertiary medical and health institutions) after the audit by the Municipal Health Commission directly audit; Other entrusted training personnel employment units shall be audited by the local health and wellness committee and then by the municipal health and wellness committee.

Please log in to the recruitment website in time to check the audit results, and print an Application Form for Standardized Training of Residents after being audited by the Municipal Health and Wellness Committee. The application form needs to be signed by the applicant himself.

(3) Assessment and admission

Only those who pass the qualification examination can enter the examination and admission stage. The examination and admission work is organized by the training base, and the examination generally includes written examination and interview, which can be conducted in the form of on-site or online remote.

When taking the form of online remote assessment, the contents of written examination and interview assessment and their weight in the total score can be adjusted according to the professional characteristics to ensure the assessment effect. The training base will inform the applicants of the requirements for online remote assessment in advance, strengthen the pre-test and online invigilation during the examination, and deal with problems such as network and system failures in time. Applicants should prepare the examination environment, software and hardware equipment in advance according to the requirements of the training base.

The training base should assess and enroll the applicants’ clinical comprehensive ability within the admission period of each volunteer batch, in accordance with the National Administrative Measures for Standardized Training of Resident Doctors (Trial), the Administrative Measures for Standardized Training of Resident Doctors in Beijing (Trial) and the Notice of the Science and Education Department of the National Health and Wellness Commission on Doing a Good Job in the Issuance of Qualified Certificates for Standardized Training of Resident Doctors and Assistant General Practitioners in 2019 (National Health Science and Education Education Memorandum [2019] No.147).

When identifying clinical practice experience, it is necessary to carefully verify the qualification of the training hospital, and the training experience in the nationally recognized standardized training base for residents will be recognized, and the training experience during the academic degree graduate will not be recognized. The training base will inform the applicants who intend to be admitted before admission, and fill in the results of clinical comprehensive ability assessment and the recognized training years on the application form and recruitment website. The application form, clinical comprehensive ability assessment results and clinical practice experience certification materials shall be kept by the training base. Admission time is as follows:

1. First registration (applicable to all training bases)

The first voluntary admission time: August 12th-August 18th.

The second voluntary admission time: August 19th-August 22nd.

The third voluntary admission time: August 23rd-August 24th.

2. The second supplementary report (the training base that has not been fully registered for the first time is applicable, and the Chinese medicine major does not participate)

The first voluntary admission time: August 27th-August 30th.

The second voluntary admission time: August 27th-August 30th.

Step 3 adjust

On August 31, the Municipal Health and Wellness Commission adjusted the applicants who had not been admitted for the second supplementary report and agreed to adjust the identity of the entrusted trainer and the applicants who agreed to adjust to the identity of the independent trainer in the general department, and announced the admission results.

(four) report and sign the agreement

The training base shall arrange all the residents of Grade 2023 enrolled to report to the base before September 1st, and sign a training agreement/labor contract with the trainees within one week.

(5) Review of training years

The Municipal Health and Wellness Commission organized experts to conduct a unified online review of the training years recognized by the training base, and the review time was from September 14th to 15th.

Applicants who need to reduce their training years will fill in their clinical experience on the recruitment website after being admitted to the training base, and upload scanned copies of clinical experience certification materials. The training base will complete the review of clinical practice experience before September 12th. After the review by the Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, the training base exported the Confirmation Form of Clinical Practice Experience of Standardized Training of Residents in Beijing and saved it.

Proof of clinical practice experience: It should comply with the provisions of Article 25 of the National Administrative Measures for Standardized Training of Residents (Trial), Articles 11 and 12 of the Administrative Measures for Standardized Training of Residents in Beijing (Trial) and Article 6 of Annex 5 of the Notice of the Science and Education Department of the National Health and Wellness Commission on Doing a Good Job in the Standardized Training of Residents and the Issuance of Training Certificates for Assistant General Practitioners in 2019, and it is true, accurate and detailed. The training experience in the nationally recognized standardized training base for residents will be recognized, and the training experience during the academic degree graduate will not be recognized. According to different past experiences, the certification materials shall be submitted according to the following requirements (the following materials shall be scanned and uploaded to the registration system, and paper materials are not required):

Graduate students with professional degrees shall provide the original or complete copy of the postgraduate training record manual (which shall be stamped with the official seal of the training unit). If the postgraduate training record manual cannot be provided, the clinical practice experience during postgraduate training shall not be recognized.

Those who have participated in the standardized training of residents approved by the National Health and Wellness Committee in other provinces shall provide the original or complete copy of the training record manual (which shall be stamped with the official seal of the training unit) and the copy of the documents of the provincial health administrative department to carry out the standardized training of residents. If the training record manual cannot be provided, the clinical practice experience of residents in other provinces during the training period will not be recognized.　

Fourth, the job requirements

(1) According to the requirements of the document "Measures for the Implementation of National Standardized Training for Residents (Trial)", newly recruited residents will receive training in principle from September.

(II) District Health and Wellness Committees and employment units should attach great importance to the standardized training and recruitment of residents, take it as an important part of personnel training, organize and mobilize, arrange qualified personnel to participate in the training in strict accordance with the regulations, and provide necessary safeguard measures to ensure that they are fully trained. Commissioned training personnel do not obey the adjustment when reporting their volunteers, and fail to be admitted to the training base or break the contract after obeying the adjustment, which is regarded as the employment unit failing to send training as required.

(three) the training base should increase the recruitment publicity, and make the recruitment brochure of this unit to publicize it to the society. The training base should complete the recruitment as planned, increase the recruitment ratio of trainees entrusted by other units, and intensify the recruitment of urgently needed specialties. If the recruitment plan is not completed, especially if the trainees entrusted by other units are not recruited and the recruitment plan of urgently needed specialties is not completed, the next year’s recruitment will be restricted and the training qualification will be cancelled, depending on the seriousness of the circumstances.

The training base should implement the recruitment work in strict accordance with the requirements. The training majors of the applicants should be consistent with their reported majors, and the applicants should be assessed for their clinical comprehensive ability during the admission period of each volunteer batch to determine their training years, and based on the training years determined by the Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, the resident training plan should be formulated and implemented reasonably, and students should be taught in accordance with their aptitude to ensure the training quality. The training base should actively cooperate to complete the adjustment work, and shall not refuse the adjustment personnel for any reason.

(four) the applicant shall, in accordance with the requirements of the notice, fill in the online form on time and provide true and accurate application materials. It is necessary to pay attention to the relevant information published on the recruitment website in real time, keep the communication equipment unobstructed, and receive the assessment and admission notice of the training base in time. If the applicant has no objection to the training period recognized by the training base and agrees to be admitted, he shall sign a written opinion with the training base and submit the application form and clinical practice experience certification materials to the training base; If you have any objection to the identified training period, you can give up the admission qualification and enter the next volunteer batch. Applicants who practise fraud in the training and recruitment work will be disqualified from this registration and admission; If the circumstances are serious, such as not reporting for registration without reason or quitting without reason after registration, I shall not sign up for the standardized training of residents in Beijing within 3 years.

When the self-trained personnel are admitted to the training base, they must sign the Commitment Letter for Self-trained Personnel, and promise that they have not signed employment or labor contracts with employment units inside and outside Beijing. Once they find that they have signed employment or labor contracts with employment units at the same time, they will quit the training, and I shall not sign up for the standardized training of residents in Beijing within three years, and shall be held accountable.

If the self-training personnel are employed in Beijing during the training period, the employment unit and the training base may change to entrust the training personnel to continue training after agreeing. Self-trained personnel who are employed outside Beijing must take the initiative to inform the training base and go through the relevant procedures for withdrawing from Beijing training in time. Once they find that they conceal the situation, they will terminate the training. Within three years, they shall not sign up for the standardized training of residents in Beijing and be held accountable.

(5) In accordance with the requirements of the Notice of the Municipal Health and Wellness Commission on Launching the Pilot Project of Integrated Training for Resident Pharmacists and Clinical Pharmacists (No.16 [2022] of Jingwei Science and Education Word), eligible resident pharmacists voluntarily participate in the integrated training for resident pharmacists and clinical pharmacists, and applicants are requested to consult relevant training bases.

(6) Military personnel shall follow the requirements of standardized training for military residents and will not participate in this recruitment.

(seven) public health professional recruitment procedures and time arrangements will be notified separately.

V. Contact information

(a) recruitment and admission policy consultation (working days 9:30-12:00, 13:30-17:00):

1. Western medicine

City Health Human Resource Development Center 83366904 83366905

Science and Education Division of Municipal Health and Wellness Commission 63186819 83970736

2. Chinese medicine

Science and Education Department of Municipal Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine 83970027

(2) Online registration technical consultation (9:00-12:00 and 14: 00-17: 00 on weekdays): 4008880052

(3) Contact information of the training base:　https://bjzyy.wsglw.net

　　Yinchuan, Zhongxin. com, September 15th (Reporter Li Peishan) "By the end of July this year, the number of 5G base stations in China has reached 1.968 million, and the Gigabit optical network has the ability to cover more than 400 million households. The total rack size of the data center in use exceeds 5.9 million standard racks, the server size exceeds 20 million, and the total computing power exceeds 150EFlops. " On September 15th, Zhang Yunming, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, revealed relevant data when attending the first "West Valley" computing industry conference held in Yinchuan City, Ningxia.

　　On the same day, the first "Digital Valley in the West" computing industry conference was opened. Participants discussed the opportunities and challenges in the development of the digital economy around topics such as promoting exchanges and cooperation in the "digital economy", building a demonstration project of "East Digital and West Computing", creating a typical scene of "digital empowerment" and building a new safe ecology for the development of the computing industry.

　　At present, computing power is the core productivity in the new era, and it is the new engine that drives the transformation of digital intelligence in economy and society. In recent years, China has made great efforts to promote the construction of new information infrastructure represented by computing power infrastructure. Computing power has been widely integrated with digital government, industrial Internet and other economic and social fields, promoting the generalization of supply, and the effect of computing power empowerment has gradually emerged. By the end of 2021, the scale of the core industry of computing power exceeded 1.5 trillion yuan (RMB, the same below). Among them, the cloud computing market scale exceeds 300 billion yuan, and the IDC service market scale exceeds 150 billion yuan.

　　Zhang Yunming said that in the future, it will speed up the overall layout of the computer storage network, build a new information technology facility system with computing power and data as the core, accelerate the construction of hub nodes and clusters of national integrated big data centers, and guide the development of large and super-large data center clusters. The layout of innovation chain around the computing power industrial chain will promote the deep integration of computing power with government affairs, industry, medical care, education and other fields. At the same time, from the aspects of planning, design, construction and operation, we will carry out green and low-carbon basic innovation and application, increase the proportion of clean energy use, improve the green and low-carbon management system, promote the green transformation and upgrading of computing facilities, and gradually form a green and energy-saving full-cycle development path for computing facilities, so as to help the overall green transformation and development of the economy and society.

 

  Folding screen has become another innovative attempt of notebook computer terminal form.

    "After opening and closing, the screen is flat as a mirror, and the picture seems to flow with a three-dimensional effect. The virtual keyboard on the screen is smooth to touch, and it can be presented in different forms such as book, computer, flat and upright …" At the new display innovation exhibition of the 2022 World Display Industry Conference, the reporter’s eyes were attracted by the first 17.3-inch ultra-large folding OLED notebook product exhibited by BOE, which brought more shock than the folding screen mobile phone.

    Folding screen notebook computer is not only another milestone product in the field of flexible OLED display, but also another innovative attempt in the form of notebook computer terminal, which brings more interaction possibilities for office and entertainment. Since Lenovo launched its new products in 2020, and Lenovo updated its second-generation products and ASUS launched its new products in the second half of this year, the popularity of folding screen notebook computers has been rising. Whether this category that breaks the boundary of vision is a dazzling enterprise skill or a long-term layout with profound meaning is unknown, but the era of folding large-screen display is accelerating.

    Folding into the era of big screen

    In October 2020, Lenovo officially released the ThinkPad X1 Fold, the world’s first notebook computer with folding screen, which was quite epoch-making at that time when the folding screen mobile phone had not yet opened the market. The folding screen of this product is made up of five layers of screens stacked, and with the hinge design of folding shaft, it has passed the durability test of opening and closing for more than 30 thousand times.

    In October this year, Lenovo released a new ThinkPad X1 Fold 2022 product. Compared with the first generation product, the biggest change this time is the use of a drop-shaped structural hinge design. Through the movable inner and outer double-layer skeleton design, the shear stress generated by the cross section during folding is greatly offset, so that the screen can still be kept as flat as a mirror after repeated opening and closing. It also achieved "evolution" in the thickness of the fuselage, which was only 17.4mm thick after folding.

    However, the folding screen notebook computer product is not exclusive to Lenovo. Asustek also launched a folding screen notebook Zenbook 17 Fold on August 31 this year. From the product form, there is not much difference between Lenovo and Asustek’s folding screen. The main difference is the screen size, folding form, hinge and other details. Subsequently, ASUS released the Lingyao X Fold product at the autumn new product launch conference in September. The 17.3-inch flexible OLED screen can be bent from the middle to two 12.5-inch screens, and the 180 precision hinge design supports free hovering, which can realize 6 kinds of use forms. The fuselage is as light as about 1.5kg, and the thinnest part is about 8.7 mm. Plus the folding ability, it can be easily carried in a bag.

    At present, the price of the above products is about 10,000 to 20,000 yuan. It is reported that Dell, Hewlett-Packard and Samsung are also increasing research and development, and Apple is also paying attention to the research and development of 20-inch folding screen notebook computers, which proves that head manufacturers are optimistic about the folding screen notebook computer market.

    Canalys, a market research organization, told reporters that there are few participants in the market now, but the equipment available has proved to be reliable. Folding screens are expected to increase dramatically in the next few years. The main driving factors behind the development of such devices are that people tend to use larger screens, and people constantly switch tasks and roles during work and leisure. Folding screen laptops make people not have to switch back and forth between different tools.

    The development of folding morphology is relatively slow.

    Different from the problem of screen creases that people were most concerned about at first, notebook computer products have larger screen size, wider rotating shaft and larger bending radius in the folded state, and the technology is gradually mature, so the problem of screen creases is not the most obvious.

    The reporter learned that the 17.3-inch flexible OLED screen of ASUS Zenbook 17 Fold has a bending radius as low as 5mm, which ensures that the screen is light and thin, and makes the screen flat as a mirror in the unfolded state. The screen adopts a new generation of composite cover plate solution, which improves the mechanical properties of the screen, greatly improves the impact resistance of the screen while taking into account the size upgrade, and makes the durability get a breakthrough upgrade. At the same time, in terms of screen performance, the screen ratio is as high as 95.87%, which supports touch mode and is compatible with active pen function.

    Even though the technology of folding screen mobile phone has been polished, the folding screen technology used in notebook computers has taken a little detour, but the challenge of low yield and high cost still exists.

    Li Yaxuan, research director of IT Division of Sigma Intell, told reporters that the development of folding forms in notebook computers is still very slow, the market scale is very small, and the market penetration rate is only 0.02%. Looking forward to the future, folding screens will continue to develop in the medium-sized market, but it is estimated that by 2025, the penetration rate of folding screens in the notebook computer market will only reach 0.12%.

    It can be seen that although the main brands continue to lay out folding screen notebook computer products, folding screen products are still difficult to become an important development direction in the short to medium term, and most of them are concept products or limited products.

    Folding still has a long way to go.

    The reporter summarized the feelings of buyers and experiencers of folding screen notebook computers, and found that people agreed that folding screen design is indeed a path worth exploring, but there is still room for improvement in system stability and functional adaptation of different folding forms, and there is still a need to create bright spots in product volume, battery life, performance and portability.

    Canalys, a market research organization, believes that folding screen notebook computers need to go through a development process, such as the adaptation of unconventional screen keyboards, the design of new screen hinges, more mature customized new operating systems, multi-tasking functions, CPU and GPU performance, and longer battery life. In addition, how the traditional software and operating system match these devices in different usage modes, and whether the devices can be seamlessly switched between different modes.

    "Project Athena" is another major project for notebook evolution announced by Intel after "Ultrabook", which will guide a new round of changes in the notebook computer industry in the next few years, and the direction of changes is mainly reflected in six dimensions: immediate response, performance and responsiveness, artificial intelligence performance, battery life, connectivity and shape design.

    According to the industry, the "Athena Project" included folding screen laptops and began to manufacture chips specially designed for these devices. The reporter learned that Intel has recently introduced the Hybrid Lakefield processor suitable for folding screen notebook computers. By stacking memory, CPU and graphics chips with each other, these chips are provided in smaller packages, so that manufacturers can design equipment with smaller and more interesting shapes.

    In addition, Microsoft is developing its Windows 10X operating system to run seamlessly on dual-screen computers and folding-screen laptops.

    Chen Shuxin, assistant research director of IDC China, told reporters that in the short term, the use scenarios and corresponding crowds of folding screen notebook computers are still relatively few, and the price is relatively high, which is still in the testing stage, but it can give consideration to portability and large screen, and there is still a certain development prospect in the future, mainly relying on the exploration of future use scenarios, the price can be lowered, the interaction of folding screens and software problems, and there is still a long way to go. (Reporter Lu Mengqi)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, December 14th Question: In 2016, these economic hot words are closely related to you and me.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters He Xinrong and Sang Tong

　　The coming year of 2016 is a crucial year for China to promote supply-side structural reform, and it is also a year of changing global financial markets. From the reduction of social security rate at the beginning of the year, the dispute over Vanke’s equity in the middle of the year, to the fluctuation of RMB exchange rate. These economic hot words are closely related to your life and mine.

　　Hot word one: "Slow down and stabilize"

　　To describe this year’s macro-economy in one sentence, the most appropriate one is undoubtedly "slowing down and stabilizing". China’s GDP growth rate remained at 6.7% in the first three quarters, and the PMI index in November rose to the highest point in two years, showing the trend of "stabilizing and improving" in China.

　　Macroeconomic figures seem to be far away from our lives, but in fact, their influence is everywhere. Benefiting from the economic stabilization, China created 10.67 million new jobs in the first three quarters, fulfilling the expected target for the whole year ahead of schedule. In September, the urban unemployment rate was lower than 5% for the first time in nearly three years.

　　Hot word 2: tax reduction and fee reduction "combination boxing"

　　Since the beginning of this year, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other places have successively reduced social security rates, and it is estimated that the burden will be reduced by more than 100 billion yuan for enterprises nationwide. Since May this year, four industries, including real estate and finance, have been included in the "camp reform" pilot, making the tax reduction this year more than 470 billion yuan.

　　The "combination boxing" effect of tax reduction and fee reduction is gradually appearing in the financial statements of enterprises. In the first 10 months of this year, the profits of China’s industrial enterprises increased by 8.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate reached a new high since August 2014. The so-called "big rivers are full of water and small rivers", only when corporate profits improve can employees’ pockets swell and consumption flourish, forming a positive cycle of economic operation.

　　Hot word 3: "Iron fist to capacity"

　　By the end of October this year, the steel industry had completed the capacity reduction target of 45 million tons ahead of schedule, and the annual target of 250 million tons of coal is also expected to be completed ahead of schedule. As the central task of supply-side structural reform, this year’s de-capacity work is drastic.

　　De-capacity is related to the progress of economic restructuring and the rice bowls of millions of families. On the one hand, the government solves the problem of employee placement by introducing a flexible "supporting policy" and taking measures such as internal placement and job transfer. On the other hand, the growth of the new economy, including the sharing economy, provides a way out for the transformation of employees, and also provides a certain cushion for de-capacity. Only when all sectors of society act together can we reduce the pain of de-capacity.

　　Hot word 4: "new regulations" for online car.

　　With the introduction of new regulations on network car by the Ministry of Communications, Beijing, Shanghai and other places have successively published drafts of local rules for comments. From household registration to vehicle types, the conditions are strict and the threshold is high, which has aroused great concern in society.

　　With the introduction of new regulations and rules, the price of online car in some cities has increased by about 20%, which is almost the same as that of taxis. This means that the online car market will gradually shift from price competition to service competition. At the same time, it also tells us that urban travel mainly depends on public transportation. More bus lanes and denser rail transit networks are the key to solving the travel difficulties.

　　Hot Word 5: Standardize the development of Internet finance

　　This year’s government work report proposes to "standardize the development of Internet finance".

　　In the case of "standardization", the regulatory authorities have carried out special rectification for Internet finance. On the basis of preliminary investigation, the clean-up and rectification of internet financial risks has begun. In the future, those acts of illegal fund-raising in the name of financial innovation will face the blade of the sword of supervision.

　　Hot word 6: "Vanke equity dispute"

　　On the surface, the dispute over Vanke’s equity in the middle of this year is a conflict of interest between the major shareholder and the management team. In fact, the governance of listed companies, the protection of the interests of small and medium-sized shareholders and the source of leveraged funds are the deep-seated problems behind the incident. So that at the end of the year, the regulatory authorities rarely shouted at the placard behavior, which attracted the attention of all parties.

　　At present, the number of A-share listed companies has exceeded 3,000. It not only formed a multi-level market of main board, small and medium-sized board and growth enterprise market, but also completed the historic leap of opening Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect. However, the "Vanke incident" shows that there is still a gap between A shares and mature markets. On the road of marketization, rule of law and internationalization, the capital market has a long way to go.

　　Hot word seven: RMB "into the basket"

　　Since October 1st this year, the RMB has been formally included in the SDR (Special Drawing Rights) currency basket, becoming one of the official reserve currencies of the International Monetary Fund, taking a solid step on the road to internationalization.

　　With the improvement of the international status of RMB, more and more countries will recognize RMB and be willing to accept RMB, which will make it more convenient for ordinary people to travel and shop abroad, save the trouble of exchanging foreign exchange and greatly reduce the exchange cost.

　　Although the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar depreciated by 1.69% in November, the exchange rate of RMB against a basket of currencies continued to appreciate slightly. Investors don’t have to worry too much about RMB depreciation, and residents don’t have to panic about foreign exchange.

　　Hot word eight: commodity "roller coaster"

　　In the first half of the year, steel prices "skyrocketed", and in the second half of the year, coal coke "relayed", and some commodities in the black industrial chain rose by more than 100% this year. Just as investors were chasing up, the "Double Eleven" night market plunged overnight, and 40% of many people’s profits disappeared within an hour.

　　The ups and downs of commodity markets not only affect investors’ income, but also affect economic stability and people’s livelihood security. In particular, acts such as "frying garlic" are ready to move in the near future, and agricultural products may become the focus of the commodity market next year. It is necessary for the regulatory authorities to take timely measures to investigate and deal with price violations such as collusion and bid-up.

　　Hot word nine: the regulation and upgrading of the property market

　　Increase the down payment ratio and prohibit buying the third house … … Following the launch of a new round of property market regulation in more than 20 hot cities at the end of September, the "upgraded version" of the new property market policy has been launched again in many places recently.

　　"Study and establish a long-term mechanism for the stable and healthy development of real estate in line with national conditions and market rules", and the recent Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party sent a clear signal. While curbing the asset bubble, China will make comprehensive efforts in various aspects in the future to guide the property market to stabilize expectations.

　　Hot Word 10: "Top Design" of Property Rights Protection

　　Near the end of the year, the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Perfecting the Property Rights Protection System and Protecting Property Rights according to Law was officially published, which was the first time that a top-level design document for property rights protection was issued in the name of the central government.

　　Legal arrangements for the equal protection of public and private property rights and the renewal of research on residential land use rights … … As the saying goes, "those who have constant production have perseverance", only when public expectations are stable and social confidence is enhanced can the long-term healthy development of China’s economy be guaranteed.

The NPC Standing Committee:

Entrusted by the State Council, I am now explaining the Amendment (Draft) of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

The Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the current patent law) came into force on April 1, 1985, and was revised twice on September 4, 1992 and August 25, 2000. Since the implementation of the current patent law, it has played an important role in encouraging and protecting inventions, promoting scientific and technological progress and innovation, and promoting China’s economic and social development. With the development of domestic and international situation, it is necessary to further improve China’s patent legal system: First, the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of improving the ability of independent innovation and building an innovative country, and the State Council formulated the Outline of National Intellectual Property Strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the protection of patent rights, encourage independent innovation, promote the implementation of patented technology, promote the transformation of patented technology into real productivity and shorten the transformation period by amending and perfecting the patent law. Second, the Doha Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization adopted the Declaration on the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and Public Health (hereinafter referred to as the Declaration), and the General Council of the World Trade Organization adopted the Protocol on Amending the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the Protocol) to implement the Declaration. The Declaration and the Protocol allow WTO members to break through the restrictions of the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and grant compulsory licenses to exploit pharmaceutical patents under specified conditions. Accordingly, the current patent law needs to be amended. The Convention on Biological Diversity stipulates the use of patent system to protect genetic resources.As a big country with genetic resources, China needs to amend the current patent law to exercise the rights conferred by the Convention.

On the basis of summing up the implementation experience of the current patent law, the Intellectual Property Office drafted the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (revised draft for review), which was submitted to the State Council for approval on December 27th, 2006. After receiving this document, the Legislative Affairs Office twice solicited opinions from 72 central departments and units, 35 local people’s governments, 14 local courts, more than 20 enterprises and institutions, and more than 50 experts and scholars, and also received opinions from relevant foreign government agencies, enterprise associations and international organizations; Went to Guangdong and other places to investigate the patent work of enterprises, the patent administrative law enforcement of local governments and the patent trial of local courts; Held several expert argumentation meetings and two international seminars to discuss major issues such as using the patent system to promote the construction of an innovative country, and the consistency between the revision of the patent law and international conventions; In conjunction with the Intellectual Property Office, the National People’s Congress Education, Science, Culture and Health Committee, the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission, and the High Court, we have repeatedly communicated and coordinated, and on this basis, we have repeatedly studied and revised the draft for submission, forming the "Amendment of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Draft)" (hereinafter referred to as the draft). On June 27, 2008, the Legislative Affairs Office and the Intellectual Property Office made a report to the Education, Culture, Health and Science Committee of the National People’s Congress, and then further revised the draft according to the opinions of the members. The draft has been discussed and adopted at the 19th executive meeting of the State Council on July 30th, 2008. The main contents of the draft are as follows:

First, according to the incentive of independent innovation, improve autonomy

The requirements of innovation ability, the current

Modification of Patent Law In order to achieve the goal of building an innovative country, the Science and Technology Progress Law submitted by the State Council to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for deliberation and revision in 2007 has stipulated a series of systems and measures in terms of increasing investment in science and technology, integrating scientific and technological resources, stimulating the enthusiasm of scientific research institutions and scientific and technological personnel, and promoting technological progress of enterprises. The draft mainly makes the following amendments to the current patent law from the perspective of using the patent system to stimulate independent innovation:

(1) The contents of "improving the ability of independent innovation" and "building an innovative country" have been added to the legislative purpose. The legislative purpose of the current Patent Law is revised as follows: This Law is formulated in order to protect patent rights, encourage inventions, promote the management and application of inventions, improve the ability of independent innovation, promote scientific and technological progress and economic and social development, and build an innovative country.

(2) Improve the standard of patent authorization. The current patent law adopts the "relative novelty standard" on the conditions of patent authorization, that is, the invention-creation applying for the patent right for invention and utility model has not been publicly published at home and abroad, nor has it been publicly used at home or known to the public in other ways; The design for which the patent right for design is applied has not been published at home and abroad, nor has it been used publicly in China. According to this regulation, although some unpublished technologies have been publicly used abroad or have been sold with corresponding products, as long as no one has publicly used them or sold them in China, patents can be granted in China, which leads to low patent quality in China. This is not conducive to encouraging independent innovation, but also hinders the application of existing foreign technologies in China. To this end, the draft adopts the "absolute novelty standard": inventions and creations that stipulate that patents are granted are not known to the public at home and abroad. In order to further improve the quality of design patents, the draft stipulates that no patent right shall be granted to the design that mainly plays the role of logo in plane printed matter.

(3) The provision that China patents must be applied for before applying for patents in foreign countries is deleted. According to the current patent law, an invention made in China must apply for a patent in China before applying for a patent in a foreign country. In order to encourage foreign countries to apply for patents and improve China’s international competitiveness, the draft stipulates that any unit or individual can apply for patents for inventions and creations completed in China, thus canceling the restriction that it must apply for China patents first; At the same time, considering that some patent applications may involve China’s national security and need to be subject to confidentiality review, the draft stipulates that inventions and creations completed in China should be subject to confidentiality review in advance by the patent administration department of the State Council.

(4) Giving the patentee of a design the right to promise to sell. Promising to sell is a promise to sell goods by advertising, displaying on store shelves or at trade fairs. The current patent law does not stipulate the promise of sales right in the patent right of design. Considering that design is an advantageous field in China, it is beneficial for China to improve the level of patent protection for design, and the draft adds the right to promise to sell in the design patent. After such modification, the patentee of a design can stop others from promising to sell the patented product by advertising, displaying it on the shelves of shops or at trade fairs without his permission.

(5) It is clear that the compensation for patent infringement should include the cost of the right holder’s rights protection, increase the punishment for illegal acts, and increase the provisions on statutory compensation. From the practice of patent protection, if the cost of the patentee’s rights protection is not compensated, it will not be able to make up for the losses suffered by the obligee due to infringement. In order to protect the reasonable interests of the patentee more effectively, the draft adds a provision that the compensation for patent infringement should include the reasonable expenses paid by the right holder to stop the infringement. At the same time, in order to crack down on patent violations, the amount of fines for counterfeiting other people’s patents will be increased from 3 times to 4 times of illegal income; If there is no illegal income, the fine will be raised from 50,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan, and the fine for impersonating a patent will be raised from 50,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of judicial protection, the draft also stipulates that: in litigation activities, if it is difficult to determine the loss of the right holder, the benefits obtained by the infringer and the patent license fee, the people’s court may determine to give compensation of more than 10,000 yuan and less than 1 million yuan according to the type of patent right, the nature and circumstances of the infringement.

(six) to increase the provisions of evidence preservation before litigation. In order to prevent the infringer from transferring or destroying the evidence before the patentee files a lawsuit, the draft adds a provision: In order to stop the patent infringement, the obligee may apply to the people’s court for evidence preservation before filing a lawsuit if the evidence may be lost or difficult to obtain later.

Second, according to the need to promote the popularization and application of technology,

The amendments to the current patent law (1) stipulate that the co-owners of the patent right may exploit the joint patent alone or license others to exploit it by ordinary license. In order to protect the legal rights of co-owners of joint patents and promote the implementation of joint patents, the draft stipulates that the right to apply for a patent or the patent right shall be jointly owned by two or more units or individuals, and if the co-owners have an agreement on the exercise of the rights, such agreement shall prevail. If there is no agreement, the co-owner may exploit the patent alone or license others to exploit it by ordinary license; Where another person is licensed to exploit the patent, the royalties collected shall be distributed among the co-owners. Except in the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph, the exercise of the joint patent application right or patent right shall obtain the consent of all the co-owners. The so-called general license means that while the licensee is implementing the patented technology, the co-owner can also implement or license others to implement the patented technology.

(2) If the technology specified for implementation belongs to the existing technology, it does not constitute infringement of the patent right. According to the current patent law, in a patent infringement case, the defendant thinks that the patent right is invalid and must file a request for invalidation with the Patent Reexamination Board; After the Patent Reexamination Board declares the patent right invalid, the court can decide that the defendant does not constitute patent infringement. In order to prevent malicious use of the known existing technology to apply for a patent, hinder the implementation of the existing technology, and help the implementers of the existing technology get rid of the patent infringement disputes in time, the draft adds a provision that in a patent infringement dispute, if the accused infringer has evidence to prove that the technology he implements belongs to the existing technology, it does not constitute patent infringement. Accordingly, the accused infringer does not need to file a request for invalidation with the Patent Reexamination Board, and the court can directly determine that the accused infringer does not infringe.

(3) adding circumstances that are not regarded as infringement. Drawing lessons from the practices of the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries, the draft adds one item in the case that it is not regarded as infringement: in order to provide the information needed for administrative examination and approval, the unit or individual that intends to manufacture drugs or medical devices manufactures patented drugs or patented medical devices.

3. According to the provisions of international treaties, especially the new provisions of international treaties after China’s accession to the World Trade Organization,

The first amendment to the current patent law is that the Protocol to Amend the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights stipulates that compulsory licenses can be granted for the manufacture and export of patented drugs to specific countries or regions for public health purposes. The so-called compulsory license refers to the license made by the state administrative organ under legal conditions, allowing qualified units and individuals to exploit other people’s inventions or utility model patents. According to the provisions of the Protocol, the draft adds the following provisions: for the purpose of public health, the patent administration department of the State Council may grant compulsory license to manufacture and export drugs patented in China to the following countries or regions: (1) the least developed countries; (2) Members who do not have the manufacturing capacity of the drug or have insufficient manufacturing capacity, and have fulfilled the relevant procedures in accordance with the relevant treaties of the World Trade Organization to which People’s Republic of China (PRC) is a party. In addition, the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights stipulates that the patentee’s behavior of excluding or restricting competition can be protected by compulsory licensing. Accordingly, the draft also adds a provision that the the State Council Patent Administration Department may grant the applicant a compulsory license for acts that are determined by judicial and administrative procedures to exclude or restrict competition.

Second, the Convention on Biological Diversity stipulates that the utilization of genetic resources should follow the principles of national sovereignty, informed consent and benefit sharing, and clearly stipulates that the patent system should help achieve the goal of protecting genetic resources. At present, developing countries rich in genetic resources such as India and Brazil and developed countries such as Switzerland, Norway and Denmark have protected genetic resources through patent legal systems. China is a big country with genetic resources. In order to prevent illegal theft of genetic resources in China for technical development and patent application, the draft adds provisions: for inventions and creations completed by relying on genetic resources, the applicant shall state the direct source and original source of the genetic resources in the patent application documents; If the original source cannot be declared, the reasons shall be explained. It is also clear that if the acquisition or utilization of genetic resources violates the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations, no patent right will be granted.

In addition, the draft also makes textual amendments to some provisions of the current patent law.

Please review whether the Amendment to the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Draft) and the above explanation are appropriate.

 

　　After a two-year-old girl was bitten by a dog in Chongzhou, Chengdu, many local primary schools and kindergartens issued a proposal for civilized dog raising.

　　Among them, chongzhou city Jinjiang Primary School WeChat WeChat official account called on October 17, please do not raise large dogs and aggressive dogs in the community; When walking the dog, you should avoid the rush hour and places where the elderly and children relax, and avoid the dog taking the elevator with others, so as not to scare or hurt others.

　　Shunjin Kindergarten in chongzhou city and Hanwen Kindergarten in chongzhou city appealed in the proposal that dogs should be leashed when they go out for a walk, and they should be led by adults to avoid others actively, so as to avoid dogs coming into close contact with children, the elderly, pregnant women and other people and avoid injuries, fights and other accidents. Do not bring dogs into public places such as institutions, hospitals, schools, stadiums, theaters, catering services, etc., do not take dogs on public transport, and the driver’s consent should be obtained when taking a taxi. When dogs accidentally bite others, dog owners should take the initiative to send the injured to medical institutions for treatment; For the safety of children in the whole park, please don’t bring pets when picking up children.

　　In addition, since October 16th, WeChat WeChat official account under several urban and rural community development and governance committees in Chengdu, such as "Qingyang Social Governance", "Pidu Social Governance" and "Jintang Social Governance", have continuously published articles to carry out civilized dog-raising education.

　　According to the police report previously issued by chongzhou city Public Security Bureau, at 8: 02 on October 16th, our bureau received an alarm saying that people were bitten by dogs in Evergrande Xichen Oasis Community in Yangma Street of our city. After investigation, at 8 o’clock on October 16, when Deng and his daughter Tang were walking downstairs in the community, they met a black dog and a white dog. The black dog attacked Tang and bit him. At 8: 30, Deng and Tang were taken to the hospital.

　　After diagnosis, Tang had multiple bites all over his body, contusion and laceration of his right kidney and fracture of his right rib. After full treatment, the wound debridement operation has been completed and the vital signs are stable. The medical treatment expert group will improve the follow-up medical treatment measures according to the inspection situation. Deng’s body surface was scratched and has been dealt with.

　　According to the circular, the public security organs are fully engaged in the investigation and disposal work, which will be dealt with seriously according to the investigation and announced to the public in a timely manner.

　　The British government and the European Commission recently issued a joint statement saying that Britain will return to the EU’s flagship scientific projects "Horizon Europe" and "Copernicus" Earth observation projects through a new agreement with the EU. This move was welcomed by the scientific circles of both sides and regarded as an important moment to restore trust between the two sides. However, for the British scientific community, returning to the project cannot recover the losses that have been caused.

　　Horizon Europe is one of the largest multilateral research projects in the world.

　　Before Brexit, the British scientific community was one of the main beneficiaries of the Horizon Europe project, and scientists were eligible to apply for funds underwritten by the British government. However, after Britain’s "Brexit", many cooperation was forced to stop.

　　According to data from the European Commission, since 2019, funding for British science projects has fallen sharply. In that year, 959.3 million euros went to 1,364 research projects in the UK, while in 2023, only 192 grants were approved, totaling only 22.18 million euros.

　　After arduous negotiations, the British Prime Minister’s Office recently issued a statement saying that Britain has finally reached an agreement with the EU to rejoin the EU’s flagship scientific project — — Horizon Europe.

　　According to the latest agreement, British researchers can resume applying for the project funds of Horizon Europe and participate in related research from now on. From 2024, British scientists will be able to fully participate in the "Horizon Europe" project like scientists from EU member States. As an "associate" member during the implementation period from 2021 to 2027, the UK has to pay 2.6 billion euros every year.

　　As part of the UK-Europe Trade Cooperation Agreement in 2020, the UK had negotiated the associate membership of Horizon project, but due to the protracted dispute over the trade rules in Northern Ireland, the UK could not start the project.

　　Earlier this year, after several months of talks, British Prime Minister Sunak and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen finally reached an agreement at Windsor Castle, in order to resolve the controversial dispute over Northern Ireland’s trade rules since Britain’s formal "Brexit" in 2020, and realize the smooth trade of the whole UK. Sunak said at the press conference that Britain and Europe have made a decisive breakthrough, and the "Windsor Framework" has opened a "new chapter" in British-European relations.

　　The latest agreement on return is regarded as another important symbol of the breakthrough in the relationship between Britain and the European Union. The agreement was warmly welcomed by the British scientific community, and the British Minister of Science, Innovation and Technology, Michelle Tang Lan, said on the same day that the agreement was a key step on the road of British scientific and technological development. European academic circles also welcome this.

　　In addition to the Horizon Europe project, Britain will rejoin the European Union’s Copernicus project, which uses satellites to monitor the impact of climate change on the earth and is very important for analyzing extreme weather events.

　　However, the agreement between Britain and the European Union also sets a threshold to limit the amount of funds available to British researchers. If the amount of project grants received by British researchers for two consecutive years is more than 8% higher than the amount paid by Britain, the British government must make up for the excess. On the contrary, if the British scientists receive less funding than the amount paid by the British government to the Horizon Europe project, the British government will be compensated. This threshold is only for the UK, not for EU member states.

　　Although Britain was able to return to the Horizon Europe project and Copernicus project, many scientists said that the loss brought to the British scientific community by the interruption of cooperation for two years was irreversible.

　　As a member of the European Union, due to the strong financial support of British universities, Britain usually gets more funds from the Horizon project than its contribution, but as an associate member, this situation is excluded.