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Article 19 of China’s Patent Law stipulates: "Foreigners, foreign enterprises or other foreign organizations that have no habitual residence or business office in China shall entrust a legally established patent agency to apply for patents and handle other patent affairs in China. If a unit or individual in China applies for a patent and handles other patent affairs in China, it may entrust a patent agency established according to law to handle it. " Units or individuals in mainland China who apply for patents and handle other patent affairs in China may entrust a patent agency to handle them, or the applicant may handle them himself. If a foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization that has no habitual residence or business office in mainland China applies for a patent and handles other patent affairs in Chinese mainland, or applies for a patent and handles other patent affairs jointly with an applicant in mainland China as the first-named applicant, it shall entrust a patent agency to handle it; Applicants from Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan Province who have no habitual residence or business office in mainland China file patent applications and handle other patent affairs with the Patent Office, or apply for patents and handle other patent affairs jointly with applicants from mainland China as the first-named applicant, they shall entrust a patent agency to handle them.

　　Ningbo, located in the southeast coast of China, is the second largest city in Zhejiang Province. As the economic center of the south wing of the Yangtze River Delta, it seized the development opportunity of manufacturing industry after the reform and opening up, and gave birth to eight billion-level industries such as automobile manufacturing, textile and clothing, and household appliances, and cultivated a large number of well-known enterprises such as Youngor, Fangtai, Bull, Deli and Oaks. In 2018, the number of patents granted in Ningbo reached 44,777, with 228,000 valid registered trademarks, and its GDP exceeded one trillion yuan, making it a veritable economic powerhouse supported by the manufacturing industry.

　　After the total economic output exceeds 1 trillion yuan, where is the next increment of 1 trillion yuan in Ningbo?

　　"The construction of intellectual property operation service system plays an obvious role in promoting innovation. It is an important support for intellectual property to help scientific and technological innovation and high-quality economic development in the future, and it is an important force to promote the transformation of Ningbo industry from manufacturing to creation." At the 10th annual meeting of China Intellectual Property held this year, Shen Min, vice mayor of Ningbo, answered this question. He said that as an important part of intellectual property work, the importance of intellectual property operation to scientific and technological innovation and even economic development will become more and more prominent.

　　Nowadays, under the background of the transformation of old and new kinetic energy, Ningbo will help realize innovation-driven development and promote the advancement of high-tech industries with the operation of intellectual property rights. The goal is to build a national first-class highland for innovation and entrepreneurship of private economy and take the lead in building a leading national innovation city. Strive to reach 3.4% of the city’s R&D investment in regional GDP by 2022, with more than 50,000 effective invention patents, and the added value of high-tech industries accounting for 50% of the industrial added value.

　　Government-led service platform

　　After being identified as a key city for the construction of intellectual property operation service system in 2017, Ningbo formulated and issued the Implementation Plan for the Construction of Intellectual Property Operation Service System in Ningbo (hereinafter referred to as the Plan). The "Proposal" proposes to speed up the construction of a "1+6+N" intellectual property operation service system with Ningbo public service platform for intellectual property operation as the carrier, comprehensive professional operating institutions as the main body, and related supporting services such as finance, law and evaluation as the support, coordinate and promote the deep integration of intellectual property rights and economic and social development, and give full play to the important role of intellectual property rights in promoting urban innovation and development.

　　The so-called "1" refers to the public service platform for intellectual property operation in Ningbo. The platform integrates the existing resources such as National Patent Technology (Ningbo) Exhibition and Trading Center and Tianyisheng Water Network, aiming at creating an industry-oriented public service platform that combines commonweal and marketization. At present, the platform contains nearly 1.2 conditional patent data and about 46.2 million trademark data from 23 countries, and integrates tools such as retrieval system, patent value evaluation system and information management platform. On the platform, users can find relevant institutions that provide intellectual property services, equity investment and financing, and insurance services, or submit online requests for handling or mediating patent infringement disputes to Ningbo Intellectual Property Office.

　　It is worth mentioning that in addition to providing special services such as training courses, the platform also customized more than 100 industrial patent characteristic databases around Ningbo’s "246" key development industries. Taking the automobile industry, the largest industry in Ningbo, as an example, the intellectual property operation service focuses on key sub-sectors such as new energy vehicles, intelligent networked vehicles, and key automobile parts, and establishes a database of Chinese and foreign patent characteristics in the automobile industry, and customizes the database of enterprise patent characteristics for many enterprises according to their individual needs.

　　It is understood that in order to support the implementation of the Plan, Ningbo has also issued supporting policies such as the Pilot Implementation Plan for Regional Distribution of Intellectual Property Rights in Ningbo, the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Ningbo, and the Thirteenth Five-Year Development Plan for Intellectual Property Rights (Patents) in Ningbo, focusing on innovation, industry and talents, and organized research on related major topics such as Countermeasures for Cultivating High-value Patent Portfolio.

　　Focusing on the overall development of the industry, Ningbo continued to promote the regional distribution of intellectual property rights. Based on its own industrial base and the reality of economic development, Ningbo has set up a research team with the participation of more than 20 units, including operating institutions, scientific research institutes, universities and enterprises. Facing industrial clusters and innovative subjects, it has carried out investigations on R&D funds, patent creation, application and protection, grasped the layout of intellectual property innovation resources, made clear the direction and orientation of Ningbo’s industrial development by comparing the layout of international and domestic intellectual property innovation resources, and compiled an intellectual property-oriented catalogue for regional industrial development.

　　Market orientation promotes the transformation of application

　　One end of intellectual property is connected with innovation, and the other end is connected with the market. It is the meaning of building an intellectual property operation service system to turn sleeping patents into realistic kinetic energy for enterprise development.

　　Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as Ningbo Institute of Materials) has established the principle of "achievements should land, land and result" since its establishment, aiming to explore a new way of industrialization of scientific and technological achievements and serve the transformation and development of regional economy. In recent years, Ningbo Materials Institute has licensed, transferred or set up a company in the form of patent technology package to promote technology industrialization, realizing the industrialization of 45 major scientific and technological achievements such as diamond, soybean gum and graphene. By the end of 2018, Ningbo Materials Institute had transferred or licensed 412 patents, and the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements drove investment of more than 2 billion yuan, including 32 scientific and technological projects settled in Ningbo.

　　For example, Ningbo Zhongke Bipras New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. is an enterprise founded by researchers of Ningbo Institute of Materials. In the form of three patent technology packages, Ningbo Materials Institute cooperated with external investment companies to invest in this enterprise by means of intangible assets, and devoted itself to promoting the industrialization of new energy-saving nanocrystalline materials. At present, the enterprise has built a constant pressure automatic belt production line with an annual output of 100 tons. In 2018, Bipras completed the A round of financing, and the market value premium of the company reached 6 times.

　　In addition to the spontaneous attempts made by innovators in the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, it has become normal to promote the use and transformation of intellectual property rights by means of government guidance and social follow-up during the construction of Ningbo’s intellectual property operation system. Ningbo Municipal Government invested and set up Ningbo Angel Investment Guidance Fund with a scale of 300 million yuan, and encouraged angel investment institutions (people) to invest in innovative start-ups with development potential through follow-up investment and phased equity participation. At present, the fund has invested 238 projects with the first phase of 200 million yuan, guiding a total of 2.632 billion yuan of social capital into start-ups, with a financial capital magnification of 12.3 times; 51 projects were withdrawn, 43 million yuan was recovered and 11 million yuan was earned.

　　Not only that, in order to make patents further help the development of enterprises, in 2018, the Measures for the Administration of Ningbo Intellectual Property Pledge Financing Risk Pool Fund (Provisional) was officially issued, and the first phase of intellectual property pledge financing risk pool fund with a scale of 30 million yuan was established. Ningbo Angel Investment Guidance Fund Co., Ltd. established Ningbo Tianjin Venture Service Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Tianjin) as a pledge institution, which is responsible for the daily management and operation of risk pool funds and helps enterprises obtain bank credit. Up to now, Tianjin Company has established sub-risk pools for intellectual property pledge financing with Hangzhou Bank, China Bank, Bank of Ningbo, Industrial Bank and Huaxia Bank, and each sub-risk pool has signed 9 financing projects with a credit amount of 14.5 million yuan and accumulated loans of 7.5 million yuan.

　　Established in 2015, Ningbo Pintai Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Pintai) mainly develops and produces 3D digital dental diagnosis and treatment equipment products. In order to speed up the marketization process of its products, in July 2019, Pintai pledged eight core invention patents and obtained a loan of 2 million yuan from Ningbo Intellectual Property Pledge Financing Risk Pool to supplement the working capital of enterprises. In September of the same year, Pintai signed an intentional purchase contract with Brazilian buyers for 5,000 sets of products and began to produce the first batch of products. It is understood that the company’s products have received favorable feedback from relevant customers, and the initial cooperation intention is gradually ready to land. In 2020, the sales are expected to reach 10 million yuan and the net profit is about 1 million yuan.

　　Integrating resources and exploring high-quality patents

　　Zheng Jian, deputy director of Ningbo Intellectual Property Office, said at the "Training Course on High-value Patent Cultivation from Patent Invalidation Cases" held in Ningbo in 2018 that high-value patent cultivation is the core of the intellectual property operation system. Enterprises should pay attention to the integration of existing internal and external resources, and promote high-value products, high-value industries and high-value markets through high-value patents. It is necessary to promote the transformation and upgrading of Ningbo enterprises with the cultivation and application of high-value patent portfolio, and form a number of industries with international influence.

　　The "6" in the "1+6+N" intellectual property operation service system refers to the establishment of more than six operating institutions in Ningbo intellectual property operation public service platform, providing services such as high-value patent cultivation, patent navigation, analysis and early warning. In the construction of operation system, Ningbo focused on the major science and technology project of "Science and Technology Innovation 2025", carried out research and development of key and common technologies in eight key industries such as new energy vehicles and advanced materials, cultivated a number of high-value patent portfolios, and provided financial support for eight operating institutions and several enterprises.

　　"The ultimate goal of promoting intellectual property operation in Ningbo is to make patent operation operate in a market-oriented way, so that enterprises with patent operation needs can tap the real demand and form their own cycle." Ningbo Yongzhi Patent Agency Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yongzhi) is one of the eight operating agencies, and it is also a national intellectual property service brand cultivation institution. Its head Li Yingchun told reporters that Yongzhi cooperated with Meikang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Meikang Bio) which produces in vitro diagnostic reagents and other products to cultivate high-value patents, and the agency intervened in the enterprise scientific research project establishment stage in advance to provide technical guidance for enterprises from the aspects of technical evasion and patent layout. After Meikang Bio tasted the sweetness, it also took the initiative to contact Yongzhi to provide operational services in the newly entered field of smart toilet R&D and manufacturing.

　　Another Ningbo enterprise intends to enter the new market. Yongzhi spent nearly half a year to help the enterprise understand the technical situation and technical loopholes of competitors in the same industry from the perspective of patents, find out the technical gaps in the industry, sort out the technical routes, and introduce an industrial design company to carry out patent planning together, and finally submitted 121 invention patents and utility model patent applications. "Every technology is a patent application submitted from the perspective of solving practical problems in combination with the actual situation of the enterprise." Li Yingchun introduced that after the completion of this cooperation, the enterprise and Yongzhi renewed the intellectual property service agreement for two consecutive years.

　　Ningbo Institute of Materials is also one of the eight intellectual property operators. The research team of the institute has continuously written the patent analysis reports of graphene technology in 2015, 2017 and 2019. On the basis of the above patent analysis and evaluation, Ningbo Materials Institute has laid out more than 200 related patents in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain around graphene powder and thin film preparation technology, and established three enterprises in the form of patent shareholding and patent license. The Institute was also approved to establish Zhejiang Graphene Innovation Center, focusing on the research and development, supply, transfer and diffusion and first commercialization of graphene industry technology.

　　Ningbo Shunyu Optoelectronic Information Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shunyu Optoelectronic) is a company that develops and produces mobile phone camera modules and other products, and has many customers such as Huawei, Samsung and Xiaomi. The manufacturing and calibration methods for high-pixel camera modules have always been the focus of the company’s technology research and development, and Shunyu Optoelectronics has 20 invention patents in this field. Wang Bo, head of the company’s intellectual property department, told reporters that with the increase in the saturation of the mobile phone market in recent years, the overall growth space is decreasing, and the competitive pressure in the module industry is increasing. Shunyu Optoelectronics took the initiative to pay close attention to the development trend of the industry, the state of prior technology and the research and development direction of competitors, and carried out new project research and development, hoping to develop camera modules that better meet the needs of mobile phone manufacturers and consumers.

　　In the process of building an intellectual property operation service system in Ningbo, Shunyu Optoelectronics and the intellectual property operation organization declared a high-value patent cultivation project, focusing on the second generation technology of chip-level molding and packaging, lens miniaturization, optical multi-degree-of-freedom precision assembly and other unique technologies and processes of Shunyu Optoelectronics. Around these technologies, Shunyu Optoelectronics has made a layout and formed a high-value patent portfolio. "Through the implementation of the patent application portfolio and layout strategy, the accuracy and effectiveness of patent mining have been improved, the patent portfolio value of enterprises has been increased, and the number advantage of patent applications has been gradually reflected in the quality advantage of patent layout." Wang Bo said.

　　"Sometimes, when a new thing appears and many people are on the sidelines, pushing it out may be like a snowball, forming a momentum. We began to explore the operation of intellectual property rights spontaneously in 2012, and now we gradually feel that the time is ripe. Although it can’t be said that it is handy, it has slowly entered a state. " Li Yingchun said that with the promotion of the government, Ningbo’s intellectual property operation service has formed a good social atmosphere in recent years. While patent agencies are marching into high-end operation services, it is also conducive to enterprises to further use patents to enhance their competitiveness. He introduced that at present, more than 40 enterprises have taken the initiative to seek intellectual property operation services from Yongzhi.

　　Multi-party cooperation to build a protection system

　　The effective functioning of intellectual property rights can not be separated from Ningbo’s great efforts in intellectual property protection. In recent years, Ningbo Intellectual Property Court was established in Ningbo Intermediate People’s Court, China (Ningbo) Intellectual Property Protection Center was put into operation, and China (Ningbo) Intellectual Property Rights Protection Assistance Center was approved as the "first batch of capacity-building intellectual property arbitration and mediation institutions" in China National Intellectual Property Administration. In 2018, a total of 1,614 patent dispute cases were filed in Ningbo, a year-on-year increase of 4.7%; Ningbo Intellectual Property Court accepted 2188 intellectual property cases and concluded 1598 cases. In 2018, the third-party platform for comprehensive application and protection of intellectual property rights in Ningbo successfully mediated 427 cases, with a mediation success rate of 67.8%. More than 70% of disputes can be mediated within one month.

　　"In order to further strengthen intellectual property protection, we have also made some attempts in intellectual property insurance." According to the relevant person in charge of Ningbo Intellectual Property Office, Ningbo started the patent insurance subsidy project application last year, and organized a patent insurance bank-enterprise matchmaking meeting in January this year. In 2018, 250 high-tech enterprises in Yinzhou District of Ningbo insured patent execution insurance and patent infringement liability insurance, and 1817 domestic invention patents and 108 foreign invention patents were included in the insurance scope. In addition, China’s first trademark exclusive right insurance project landed in Ningbo, and has successfully underwritten 19 enterprises including Bull, Deli and Oaks, involving 1,364 trademarks, with a total guarantee amount of 7.3 million yuan, 9 cases of rights protection assistance and infringement compensation, and 3 cases of compensation have been completed.

　　In March 2018, China (Ningbo) Intellectual Property Rights Protection Assistance Center took the lead, and jointly established the Ningbo Foreign Intellectual Property Alliance with 18 units including Ningbo University, Haitian Group and Oaks Group to help enterprises develop patent distribution at home and abroad and actively respond to intellectual property disputes at home and abroad. In order to support the creation, application, management and protection of intellectual property rights in Ningbo, the following month, Ningbo Intellectual Property Institute was unveiled in Zhejiang Wanli University, aiming at cultivating a group of compound talents with "science, engineering and law", building an intellectual property innovation practice base and providing services such as diagnosis of intellectual property problems, countermeasures for intellectual property protection and analysis of brand and trademark protection.

　　"All intellectual property operations in Ningbo are closely combined with the actual needs of enterprises, and the work foundation of research institutes and operating institutions and the development of industries are promoted. Therefore, our intellectual property operation service system construction has achieved certain results, and it has received positive responses from enterprises in terms of cultivating high-value patents; The pledge work is also progressing smoothly. At present, the loan financing pledged only by patents has reached 30 million yuan; In addition, we constantly adjust and optimize the public service platform according to the feedback from enterprises, and strive to launch all services by the end of 2020. " The relevant person in charge of Ningbo Intellectual Property Office said that in the next five years, Ningbo will continue to solidly promote intellectual property work, strive to create a strong national intellectual property city, and further use intellectual property rights to promote industrial transformation and upgrading and help high-quality economic development. (Intern reporter Zou Biying of Intellectual Property News)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, December 14th Question: In 2016, these economic hot words are closely related to you and me.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters He Xinrong and Sang Tong

　　The coming year of 2016 is a crucial year for China to promote supply-side structural reform, and it is also a year of changing global financial markets. From the reduction of social security rate at the beginning of the year, the dispute over Vanke’s equity in the middle of the year, to the fluctuation of RMB exchange rate. These economic hot words are closely related to your life and mine.

　　Hot word one: "Slow down and stabilize"

　　To describe this year’s macro-economy in one sentence, the most appropriate one is undoubtedly "slowing down and stabilizing". China’s GDP growth rate remained at 6.7% in the first three quarters, and the PMI index in November rose to the highest point in two years, showing the trend of "stabilizing and improving" in China.

　　Macroeconomic figures seem to be far away from our lives, but in fact, their influence is everywhere. Benefiting from the economic stabilization, China created 10.67 million new jobs in the first three quarters, fulfilling the expected target for the whole year ahead of schedule. In September, the urban unemployment rate was lower than 5% for the first time in nearly three years.

　　Hot word 2: tax reduction and fee reduction "combination boxing"

　　Since the beginning of this year, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other places have successively reduced social security rates, and it is estimated that the burden will be reduced by more than 100 billion yuan for enterprises nationwide. Since May this year, four industries, including real estate and finance, have been included in the "camp reform" pilot, making the tax reduction this year more than 470 billion yuan.

　　The "combination boxing" effect of tax reduction and fee reduction is gradually appearing in the financial statements of enterprises. In the first 10 months of this year, the profits of China’s industrial enterprises increased by 8.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate reached a new high since August 2014. The so-called "big rivers are full of water and small rivers", only when corporate profits improve can employees’ pockets swell and consumption flourish, forming a positive cycle of economic operation.

　　Hot word 3: "Iron fist to capacity"

　　By the end of October this year, the steel industry had completed the capacity reduction target of 45 million tons ahead of schedule, and the annual target of 250 million tons of coal is also expected to be completed ahead of schedule. As the central task of supply-side structural reform, this year’s de-capacity work is drastic.

　　De-capacity is related to the progress of economic restructuring and the rice bowls of millions of families. On the one hand, the government solves the problem of employee placement by introducing a flexible "supporting policy" and taking measures such as internal placement and job transfer. On the other hand, the growth of the new economy, including the sharing economy, provides a way out for the transformation of employees, and also provides a certain cushion for de-capacity. Only when all sectors of society act together can we reduce the pain of de-capacity.

　　Hot word 4: "new regulations" for online car.

　　With the introduction of new regulations on network car by the Ministry of Communications, Beijing, Shanghai and other places have successively published drafts of local rules for comments. From household registration to vehicle types, the conditions are strict and the threshold is high, which has aroused great concern in society.

　　With the introduction of new regulations and rules, the price of online car in some cities has increased by about 20%, which is almost the same as that of taxis. This means that the online car market will gradually shift from price competition to service competition. At the same time, it also tells us that urban travel mainly depends on public transportation. More bus lanes and denser rail transit networks are the key to solving the travel difficulties.

　　Hot Word 5: Standardize the development of Internet finance

　　This year’s government work report proposes to "standardize the development of Internet finance".

　　In the case of "standardization", the regulatory authorities have carried out special rectification for Internet finance. On the basis of preliminary investigation, the clean-up and rectification of internet financial risks has begun. In the future, those acts of illegal fund-raising in the name of financial innovation will face the blade of the sword of supervision.

　　Hot word 6: "Vanke equity dispute"

　　On the surface, the dispute over Vanke’s equity in the middle of this year is a conflict of interest between the major shareholder and the management team. In fact, the governance of listed companies, the protection of the interests of small and medium-sized shareholders and the source of leveraged funds are the deep-seated problems behind the incident. So that at the end of the year, the regulatory authorities rarely shouted at the placard behavior, which attracted the attention of all parties.

　　At present, the number of A-share listed companies has exceeded 3,000. It not only formed a multi-level market of main board, small and medium-sized board and growth enterprise market, but also completed the historic leap of opening Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect. However, the "Vanke incident" shows that there is still a gap between A shares and mature markets. On the road of marketization, rule of law and internationalization, the capital market has a long way to go.

　　Hot word seven: RMB "into the basket"

　　Since October 1st this year, the RMB has been formally included in the SDR (Special Drawing Rights) currency basket, becoming one of the official reserve currencies of the International Monetary Fund, taking a solid step on the road to internationalization.

　　With the improvement of the international status of RMB, more and more countries will recognize RMB and be willing to accept RMB, which will make it more convenient for ordinary people to travel and shop abroad, save the trouble of exchanging foreign exchange and greatly reduce the exchange cost.

　　Although the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar depreciated by 1.69% in November, the exchange rate of RMB against a basket of currencies continued to appreciate slightly. Investors don’t have to worry too much about RMB depreciation, and residents don’t have to panic about foreign exchange.

　　Hot word eight: commodity "roller coaster"

　　In the first half of the year, steel prices "skyrocketed", and in the second half of the year, coal coke "relayed", and some commodities in the black industrial chain rose by more than 100% this year. Just as investors were chasing up, the "Double Eleven" night market plunged overnight, and 40% of many people’s profits disappeared within an hour.

　　The ups and downs of commodity markets not only affect investors’ income, but also affect economic stability and people’s livelihood security. In particular, acts such as "frying garlic" are ready to move in the near future, and agricultural products may become the focus of the commodity market next year. It is necessary for the regulatory authorities to take timely measures to investigate and deal with price violations such as collusion and bid-up.

　　Hot word nine: the regulation and upgrading of the property market

　　Increase the down payment ratio and prohibit buying the third house … … Following the launch of a new round of property market regulation in more than 20 hot cities at the end of September, the "upgraded version" of the new property market policy has been launched again in many places recently.

　　"Study and establish a long-term mechanism for the stable and healthy development of real estate in line with national conditions and market rules", and the recent Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party sent a clear signal. While curbing the asset bubble, China will make comprehensive efforts in various aspects in the future to guide the property market to stabilize expectations.

　　Hot Word 10: "Top Design" of Property Rights Protection

　　Near the end of the year, the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Perfecting the Property Rights Protection System and Protecting Property Rights according to Law was officially published, which was the first time that a top-level design document for property rights protection was issued in the name of the central government.

　　Legal arrangements for the equal protection of public and private property rights and the renewal of research on residential land use rights … … As the saying goes, "those who have constant production have perseverance", only when public expectations are stable and social confidence is enhanced can the long-term healthy development of China’s economy be guaranteed.

　　Cctv newsTen days ago, the site of Liangzhu Ancient City, located in Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, was listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO and became the 55th World Heritage Site in China. Ten days later, in this ancient and modern land, a grand seminar on smart cities was held here.

　　(Photography Wang Jue)

　　Chinese and foreign experts and scholars from afar, around the "smart city technology application — Challenges and Solutions ",and conducted in-depth discussions on five aspects of smart city development technology application, standard function and implementation mode, sustainable development, capacity building, smart city and future community. Five academicians from China Academy of Engineering, including Pan Yunhe, Zhongshan, Zhou Liwei, Wu Zhiqiang and Chen Jing, as well as more than 30 Chinese and foreign technical experts, gathered together to make suggestions for the future construction of smart cities.

　　Academician Pan Yunhe pointed out in his keynote speech that with the development of informatization, the spatial model of human beings has gradually changed from binary space (human society and physical space) to ternary space (human society, physical space and information space), and the new change model of information flow formed by spatial change has led to new changes in cognition. Nowadays, many regions are exploring new modes of regional economic development. The common development of China’s urban economy and urban construction is bound to promote the co-evolution of cities and economies. In the future, China’s urban development not only shoulders the heavy responsibility of management, but also shoulders the comprehensive goals of industrialization, urbanization, informationization, greening and agricultural modernization.

　　Academician Wu Zhiqiang said that artificial intelligence city technology has been applied in many fields. The new generation of artificial intelligence city developed by their team is supported by the latest database tool "City Tree", which trains the city simulation system "City Go" with machine learning technology, and develops a series of deduction tools for artificial intelligence city planning. At present, it has played an important role in the planning and operation of the first artificial intelligence town.

　　As one of the organizers of this seminar, Quan Chunlai, former vice president of the Second Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Industry Group, and Zhou Xiang, chairman of Aerospace Science and Industry Smart Industry Development Co., Ltd. made speeches as special guests.

　　(Photography Li Wei)

　　In the report entitled "Smart Public Safety Case", Quan Chunlai analyzed the urban development trends and problems in China, and pointed out that public safety risk management and emergency management have become the new normal. He said that new technologies, such as big data and artificial intelligence, can greatly improve the ability of risk management and emergency rescue, and shared the application practice of information technology in monitoring, early warning and disposal of urban underground pipelines in the Second Aerospace Institute.

　　Zhou Xiang took the construction of Suzhou Smart Taihu New City as an example, and comprehensively demonstrated the comprehensive and open smart city system from the Internet of Things perception foundation to the urban operation big data platform and comprehensive operation exhibition center, as well as smart pipe network, smart transportation and smart environment monitoring. The smart city system realizes accurate perception, rapid analysis, efficient processing and comprehensive display of the comprehensive operation of Taihu New Town, which embodies the deep integration, innovation and transformation of information technology and infrastructure. He believes that the construction of smart cities needs to be explored and practiced in six aspects: overall design, integration and sharing, integration of industrialization and modernization, three-dimensional space, innovative management and standardization.

　　(Photography Jin Honghua)

　　During the seminar, the participating academicians and experts held discussions and exchanges around the construction of Yuhang smart city, and held a round table meeting to discuss the results of the seminar and the relevant mechanisms to promote the development of smart city.

Image source: People’s Daily

Editor’s note:The official website of china food and drug administration recently released four batches of 20 food and drug rumors. The summary release content includes the rumor content, rumor propagation track, media rumors and the harm of rumors.

The rumors released by the Food and Drug Administration in recent days are closely related to people’s lives, and some rumors are still "undiminished" on the Internet. These rumors cover meat, fruits, beverages, vegetables, cooking oil, tea and other food categories, showing three major characteristics: "Carcinogenesis" has become a common vocabulary for rumor makers to "package" rumors, and chlorine in microwave ovens, milk, Houttuynia cordata Thunb and tap water has been labeled as "Carcinogenic"; In seasonal seasons, watermelons, cucumbers, persimmons, dates and other fruits and vegetables often "lie down" innocently. During the hot season, rumors such as "watermelon injection" and "rootless bean sprouts are poisonous" will resurface; Shrimp, crab, chicken and other meat foods are often spread wildly on the Internet by rumors, and many versions are generated. [detailed]

Top 20 Drug-eating Rumors

1. Pork hookworm "boiled but not rotten":In September, 2013, in Longsheng, Guangxi, a saying that "the hookworm of pork is not rotten in water, not cooked in oil, and can’t be killed at high temperature" went viral on the Internet, and in the following years, a number of rumors of derivatives and variants appeared one after another, involving Guangdong, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Sichuan and other places. [detailed]

2.SB250 virus "72 change":In March 2016, two netizens in Yunnan Province spread rumors on the Internet: "At 2: 21 am yesterday, a woman was infected with SB250 virus (variants including sk5 and H7N9, etc.) and died. The doctor who participated in the rescue was quarantined. It is reported that this woman was sent to the hospital after buying grass carp in the market to eat pickled fish. CCTV news has been broadcast, so don’t eat fish, sauerkraut, especially grass carp for the time being. Since then, various versions of the rumor have been widely spread on social platforms, and the main content is roughly the same, but the time, place and name have been changed. [detailed]

3. White eggs are more nutritious:Before 2005, the saying that "red-skinned eggs are laid by chicken, so red-skinned eggs are more nutritious than white-skinned eggs" was popular in society. In response to this statement, CCTV Health Channel refuted the rumor in a program called "Learning to Eat Eggs" on September 13th, 2006, saying that there is almost no difference in the nutrition of different eggshells after experimental testing. [detailed]

4. Microwave ovens cause cancer:On April 23, 2002, Life Times published a rumor short message "Don’t ignore the harm of microwave ovens", because the few reprints did not form a hot topic of public opinion. On September 17th, 2003, China Youth Daily published a compiled article entitled "Microwave food does more harm than good and is extremely harmful to health", which put forward an extreme view that microwave food is harmful to health and even causes cancer. The title of the author was also exaggerated by translators and reprinted by many media, which triggered public doubts about the safety of microwave heating food. [detailed]

5. Drinking milk can cause cancer;On December 12, 2003, Campbell, an American nutrition professor, put forward the view that cancer cells will be "promoted" by high protein when drinking a lot of milk and taking too much animal protein. On June 3, 2004, Nanfang Daily published a report that a British professor believed that dairy products were a catalyst for human carcinogenesis. In the following years, a large number of articles on foreign research on the harm of milk to human body were widely reprinted in Sina blog, Baidu Post Bar and various community forums, and even spread on websites such as "Biology Valley" and "Health Online". [detailed]

6. Instant noodles are "junk food";Since October, 2003, the "Top Ten Junk Foods in the World (List) published by the World Health Organization" has been reprinted on food websites such as Huaxia Jingwei. com and Bio-Valley, and mainstream portals such as Sohu and Sina, including convenience foods, calling them "containing preservatives and flavors, with only calories but no nutrition". This view confirms the public’s cognition of instant noodles and has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts since then. On September 29th, 2004, "China Food Science and Technology Network" invited relevant professors for the first time to dispel rumors and introduce the nutritional components of instant noodles.[detailed]

7. Injection of watermelon causes poisoning:In the summer of 2016, it was the hot season of watermelon. A message that "as long as there are yellow and white tendons in the melon pulp, it means that this watermelon has been injected" went viral on major social platforms. In fact, this rumor appeared as early as 2012, and it will resurface every hot season of watermelon. [detailed]

8. Persimmon yogurt is eaten with death:Since September 2016, there has been a rumor on the Internet that "there are children’s attention at home: it is the season when persimmons are on the market … A real thing just happened today: a little girl ate persimmons and drank yogurt, and she died of poisoning in less than half an hour!" In fact, this news has no details such as the time, place, and person of the incident. Searching on the Internet with "persimmon+yogurt" as the key word, there has not been any public poisoning or death caused by eating persimmon yogurt recently. [detailed]

9. Straight cucumber sprayed with medicine:"Straight cucumbers are sprayed with medicine, and curved cucumbers are natural." "Cucumbers buy bends, leeks choose short ones." Whenever cucumbers are hot, such statements are madly transmitted on social platforms. In 2016, similar rumors reappeared. Wechat WeChat official account Kangnian published "These things are not delicious food, but poisonous" on September 7, and "Small Horn Promotion Platform" and "Leshan Real Estate Information" also published the same article on September 14 and September 18 respectively. It is understood that the saying that "the straight cucumber was sprayed with medicine" was on the online rumor list in 2015, and well-known media such as the World Wide Web, People’s Daily Online and Xinhuanet have repeatedly rumored it. [detailed]

10. Houttuynia cordata is carcinogenic:On June 12th, "Hippocratic Disciples" published a long microblog "Houttuynia cordata Thunb and Aristolochia Nephropathy", saying that Houttuynia cordata Thunb may induce nephropathy and cause cancer because it contains aristolochialactam, which triggered a heated discussion among netizens. In fact, the statement that Houttuynia cordata induces nephropathy and causes cancer originated from the statement of Fang Zhouzi, a popular science writer, that "eating Houttuynia cordata often leads to renal failure" in 2014. At the 2016 China Food Rumor Forum, the China Food Rumor Alliance released three major food rumors. The online rumor that "Houttuynia cordata will cause kidney disease and kidney cancer" was assessed by experts as not rigorous in logical deduction and prudent in conclusion. [detailed]

11. Poisoned bean sprouts are all poisonous:In 1985, "8503" rootless bean sprout growth regulator was successfully developed and applied on a large scale nationwide. On December 22, 2010, Dahe Daily revealed false news that "rootless auxin used by a bean sprout producer in Zhengzhou is a hormone drug, and five additives can cause cancer". In response to this rumor, on January 25, 2011, the rumor shredder section of "Shell Network" published an article to refute it for the first time. However, in 2011, after two substances in rootless bean sprouts were excluded from the list of food additives by the Ministry of Health and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, rootless bean sprouts were classified as "poisonous bean sprouts" and began to be inspected everywhere. [detailed]

12. blue crab injection:On July 15, 2016, a video of injecting the blue crab went viral on social platforms. The video shows that an aunt injected unknown liquid into the blue crab with a syringe, and netizens speculated that the injections were carotene, yellow powder, crab paste and urea essence, which triggered widespread public discussion. This online rumor is actually a repeat of the old trick. As early as August 12, 2015, "Sanmen Food Safety Taizhou Market Supervision" released "Blue Crab Injection? ! Not credible! ! ! "The news.[detailed]

13. Food use of contraceptives "storm":On May 12, 2001, Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology News refuted the social rumor of using contraceptives to promote the feeding of Monopterus albus. On April 4th, 2004, CCTV’s "Weekly Quality Report" revealed that there were vendors in Nanjing who revealed that Monopterus albus was cultivated with contraceptives. On October 14th of the same year, CCTV Health Channel refuted the rumor. However, during this period, many media have reprinted this untrue news. On June 27, 2007, the column of "Happy Life" of Beijing TV Station revealed that the vegetable seller himself revealed that the liquid medicine sprayed when planting cucumbers was similar in nature to contraceptive pills. On June 15th, 2009, China Food Science and Technology Network determined that the drug sprayed on cucumber was phytohormone. [detailed]

14. Crawfish is used to treat corpses:On September 17, 2003, CCTV Life Channel received a letter from the audience saying that crayfish contained harmful substances and the living environment was dirty, and conducted a special investigation to refute the statement that crayfish was harmful and the living environment was dirty. In June 2005, a rumor that "crayfish was used to dispose of corpses during World War II" appeared in Baidu Post Bar, and it was widely reprinted in Post Bar and Tianya Forum, which triggered a heated discussion. On July 24, 2006, Liberation Daily refuted this rumor, saying that although crayfish can survive in polluted waters, it does not mean that they only live in polluted waters. Heavy metals are really easy to gather in their heads but their bodies will not be stored. [detailed]

15. Genetically modified chicken for KFC and McDonald’s:Since 2008, rumors about KFC’s "six-winged chicken" and "spider chicken" have been circulated wildly all over the country. Many people also associate six-winged chicken with genetic modification, for fear that they will have genetic variation after eating six-winged chicken. By the end of April, 2015, there were more than 4,000 related articles on WeChat WeChat official account, and more than 130 accounts had more than 100,000 posts. Among them, 10 articles on WeChat WeChat official account, such as "Guangzhou Men and Women", "Chinese Buddhist Quotations", "Practical Life Tips" and "Zero Health", attracted the attention of netizens. [detailed]

16. Oxygen-enriched water supplements oxygen-enriched water:In February, 2014, Wahaha launched a new product "Wahaha Oxygen-enriched Water", and advertised "One bottle of oxygen-enriched water, walking in the forest for 2 hours", promoting that oxygen can be replenished after drinking oxygen-enriched water. This advertisement quickly attracted the attention of the public all over the country, and the product received public enthusiasm in a short time. In May 2014, Beijing Evening News, Beijing News, Yangzhou Evening News and other media successively rumored that oxygen-rich water was useless to the human body. Behind the false statement of "Wahaha oxygen-rich water", it is revealed that the concept water represented by oxygen-rich water lacks corresponding laws and regulations.[detailed]

17. Chlorine in tap water can cause cancer:Since 2014, an article "Hot rice in a steamer causes a bloody case!" has been circulated on WeChat platforms all over the country. See if you are committing suicide every day! This paper introduces that when cooking in a pot with cold water, the chlorine in tap water will be coated on the food after heating, which will cause cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to open the pot cover and boil the water before cooking the food. From March 4th to 8th, 2015, many WeChat WeChat official account still forwarded this article, including Daily Micro Magazine, Yige Beauty Industry, Jinhua People’s Pharmacy and People’s Health and Wellness. People’s Daily Online, Sohu.com, Beijing News.com and many other media have issued articles to refute rumors. [detailed]

18. "Saccharin Jujube":On September 1, 2015, qiongshan district Food and Drug Administration of Haikou City and the police raided a fruit wholesale market in Haikou City, and seized and sealed 3.3 tons of suspected dates on a truck. After the case was solved, the discussion about the saccharin jujube incident never stopped. Over the past year, major social platforms have frequently exposed false statements that suspected saccharin dates reappeared. In September 2016, a CCTV exposure: Don’t buy this jujube, no matter how sweet or red, it’s terrible! The video article of ""is madly transmitted on social platforms. [detailed]

19. A food is infected with H7N9 (pork, cherry, saute spicy chicken):"Shanzui Village, Gangyaoling Town, Huludao City, Liaoning Province, died of eating cherry infected with H7N9 yesterday afternoon … See, the mass spread, this news is true." This kind of news is widely spread in the circle of WeChat friends, and there are many versions. The content is roughly the same, but the time, place, name, virus and food are changed. [detailed]

20. Small molecular collagen anti-aging:At the beginning of 2014, Jimmy Lin, an artist, became a hot topic with his "reverse growth". Among the products launched by his company, there is a collagen drink with "small molecular collagen" as the main raw material. This is the secret of Jimmy Lin’s advertisement that he is not old, but there was no evidence that "small molecular collagen" can help beauty and skin care. [detailed]

Observation and comment

The rumor on the tip of the tongue should be cured.

On April 17th, the State Food and Drug Administration held a briefing, inviting the heads of relevant departments, experts and scholars, and employees of Internet platforms such as Tencent and Sina, from the Ministry of Agriculture, the State Health Planning Commission, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the National Network Information Office, Tsinghua University and China Academy of Social Sciences, to have a discussion on how to effectively control food rumors through multi-party linkage. Yan Jiangying, spokesperson of the Food and Drug Administration, said that it is necessary to increase the punishment and accountability of food safety rumor makers, improve public scientific literacy, and make rumors nowhere to hide. [detailed]

Resisting food safety rumors requires "five parties to work together"

Recently, official website, the State Food and Drug Administration, released a batch of "Summary of Food and Drug Rumors in Recent Years", including "Crayfish is used to dispose of dead bodies", "Straight cucumbers are sprayed with medicine" and "KFC and McDonald’s use genetically modified chickens", including the recent news circulating on WeChat group that "something happened to milk again". [detailed]

How to break the rumors about food and medicine?

Authoritative medical information may be "secondary processed" in the process of communication, thus putting on the cloak of rumors and deviating from the track of facts. In order to improve the public’s "healthy thinking", what communicators need to do is to provide more professional "health counseling" and follow the standardized information control process to avoid deviation and distortion. [detailed]

Why is it difficult to ban "health rumors"?

Recently, several "health rumors" detonated the WeChat circle of friends. How do health rumors arise and ferment? Why is it so influential? How to establish a smooth rumor mechanism? [detailed]

　

Different pin sockets on different platforms are a headache for many users, andAMD’s seventh-generation APU Bristol Ridge launched this year and the first Zen architecture processor Summit Ridge(Ryzen) early next year will realize platform sharing for the first time, both of which are packaged in AM4 pins and can be matched with chipsets such as X370, B350 and A320.

ASUS’s A320 chipset motherboard "A320M-C"It appeared today. It’s an entry-level small board. Whether to go to APU or Ryzen in the future depends on your preference.

This board is not positioned high, but it is fully functional, with 6-phase power supply, providing four SATA 6Gbps, two DDR4 (maximum 32GB), one M.2, one PCI-E 3.0 x16 and two PCI-E3.0x16.There is even an old PCI.

The back interface has two PS/2, VGA, DVI-D, HDMI 1.4, RS232 (for industrial control), four USB 3.0 and two USB 2.0.

If there are no accidents, it and similar products will be available in the market in February next year.

Extended reading:

Baby, fragile human cub.

A long time ago, it was a great luck for a baby to spend a hundred days smoothly. Every moment after leaving the mother, pathogens have been eyeing around the baby-they may get tetanus from scissors that cut the umbilical cord, smallpox from the cough of a fever, or polio from drinking unclean water.

These deadly diseases have prevented mankind for thousands of years. It was not until the emergence of modern medicine in the 19th century that human beings found out the true features of pathogens and developed vaccines to build the first line of defense for babies.

Please give the baby’s immune defense line "foreign aid"

People who have been vaccinated know something about the mechanism of vaccines-vaccines train the immune system to recognize and respond by introducing harmless forms of pathogens. When real viruses and germs invade the body, the immune system has already made preparations to kill pathogens accurately and protect human health.

In order to protect children to the greatest extent, countries all over the world have started immunization programs since the beginning of the 20th century, trying to deal with various major infectious diseases by systematically immunizing children.

China’s national immunization program began in 1978. After decades of efforts, the vaccination rate of children has reached and remained at a high level, and many infectious diseases that threaten children’s health and survival, such as polio and diphtheria, have been effectively controlled.

After nearly 50 years of development, the types of immunization programs in China are increasing and becoming more and more complete. According to the 2021 edition of the National Immunization Program Vaccine Immunization Procedures and Instructions for Children, children need to be vaccinated for about 20 times before the age of 2, and newborns are vaccinated during the "intensive period" from birth to 18 months, with an average vaccination every other month.

Immunization planning, "the road to evolution" and "unfinished needs"

While the immune defense line is constantly being built, it also brings new unfinished needs.

On the one hand, it is the challenge of vaccination itself. Some parents feel slightly exaggerated that every vaccination is a "journey" for babies and parents.

For parents, the most distressing thing is to watch chubby little hands and feet get stuck in a needle, and then hear the child burst into a terrible cry, not to mention the trouble of taking a baby out of the house, the bad heart of waiting in line and worrying about possible adverse reactions.

On the other hand, the protection of vaccines also indirectly reduces the public’s awareness of those "ancient" diseases-this needs to be vigilant, because some diseases have not disappeared from us. For example, in recent years, many countries have reported that the incidence of whooping cough, which once fell to a low level, has been rising all the way, and whooping cough infection has come back.

Many people may think that the DTP vaccine containing pertussis antigen can be "once and for all"-in fact, because people are generally susceptible to pertussis, the human body can gain immunity to pertussis through natural infection or vaccination. However, more and more studies show that immunity acquired through natural infection or vaccination cannot last for life. With the attenuation of vaccine immunity and natural infection immunity, a large number of people susceptible to pertussis are gradually accumulated.

For babies, especially those who have not established protective barriers, when parents and other family members are infected with whooping cough, the baby’s situation is particularly dangerous. The data show that infants under 1 year old account for more than half of the reported cases of pertussis, and among the severely ill children, 64% infants are younger than 3 months old.

Vaccinate in time to help protect the seedlings.

Timely and efficient "protection" is the key word for vaccine development. This is because the number of vaccines that can be vaccinated at the same time is limited, and the more vaccines vaccinated as soon as possible, the more meaningful it is to build the baby’s immune barrier in an all-round way. Under this background, the combined vaccine came into being, making it possible to prevent many diseases with one vaccine. By reducing the number of injections and improving the vaccination efficiency, the baby can get fewer needles while maintaining or improving the protective effect of the vaccine.

The well-known "DTP" is a classic triple vaccine. In recent years, through technological innovation, it has been continuously combined with higher prices, and four vaccines, five vaccines and six vaccines have come out one after another. The diseases that can be prevented at the same time have also expanded from whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus to the invasive infection caused by polio and Haemophilus influenzae B, which has significantly improved the timeliness and protection efficiency of vaccination.

It is worth noting that the combined vaccine is not simply mixed, and it is necessary to ensure the compatibility, safety, effectiveness and stability of each antigen component in the vaccine. For example, whether the protective efficacy of each antigen can be ensured after mixing is equivalent to that of the original corresponding vaccine; At the same time, it is necessary to effectively solve some potential problems, such as competition between antigens, expression inhibition, and the influence of inactive components on vaccines. In a sense, the higher the degree of combination, the more efficient the vaccine will be in building the baby’s immune barrier. The "14th Five-Year Plan for Bio-economic Development" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission also puts forward that "we should accelerate the iterative upgrading of vaccine R&D and production technology, develop multi-linked multivalent vaccines, develop new genetic engineering vaccines and therapeutic vaccines, and improve the ability to cope with major infectious diseases."

Not only that, the vaccine for the baby is also particular about the dose. The higher the injection dose of vaccine, the more intense the pain will be. According to international best practice, 0.5ml vaccination dose for infants can avoid the pain caused by high-dose injection and reduce the risk of aseptic abscess formation, muscle contracture and vascular contraction injury.

Recently, the reported incidence of "ancient" whooping cough has increased significantly. In addition to the protection efficiency and vaccination experience, it is more important to vaccinate the "Miao" as soon as possible and complete the whole vaccination according to the procedure. Only in this way can the baby be protected from the threat of whooping cough.

Looking back at the development of children’s vaccines, we can see the corner of the war between human science and technology and disease. Just like the "sugar pill" in many people’s memory has a new alternative, the weapon to protect children is still evolving and developing in a more effective and efficient direction, just as people are working hard now.

Nancai Finance All-Media Reporter Feng Yuyi reports from Zhuhai.

On the evening of January 28th, Dong Mingzhu, wearing a pink embroidered silver-gray dress, appeared at the 10,000-person conference of "Gree 2024 Global Dream Festival", nearly six years after the Gree 2018 Dream Festival.

Dong Mingzhu, Chairman and President of Gree Electric, said at the meeting that night that 2023 was the best year for Gree since its establishment 33 years ago. It is estimated that the operating income will be 205 billion-210 billion yuan, the net profit will be 27 billion-29.3 billion yuan, the company’s tax contribution will be about 17.6 billion yuan, and the annual dividend in the past five years will average over 14.073 billion yuan. She mentioned that she hoped that Gree Electric’s tax revenue to the country would exceed 20 billion yuan in 2024 and strive to double its performance in the next five years. This is also the mark that Gree Electric’s revenue has returned to 200 billion yuan since 2019.

Behind the great increase in Gree’s performance

Looking back on 2023, the global air-conditioning sales market is quite positive. According to the PSI monitoring data of AVC, in 2023, the production of household air conditioners was 163.282 million units, up 12.3% year-on-year; Sales reached 156.946 million units, a year-on-year increase of 10.4%. Among them, 90.541 million units were shipped domestically, up 12.9% year-on-year; Exports reached 66.405 million units, a year-on-year increase of 7.3%.

The relevant person in charge of Gree Electric Marketing Department said in an interview with Southern Finance and Economics all-media reporter that with the recovery of the domestic consumer market in 2023, consumers’ demand for durable consumer goods such as air conditioners was released, and the air-conditioning production capacity was greatly expanded, superimposed with the ever-high temperature weather, and the global temperature rise made many European countries and regions that did not use air conditioners start to increase their demand, thus achieving the unexpected growth of the air-conditioning market.

According to industry online data, the cumulative shipments of Gree Electric in the first 11 months of 2023 increased by 1.5% year-on-year, of which domestic sales increased by 4% year-on-year, while exports decreased by 4.8% year-on-year. The growth rate was slightly weaker than that of the industry, and the market share of domestic and foreign exports declined slightly by 2.2pct and 1.8pct.

Compared with the full expansion of the domestic market, the above-mentioned person in charge said that for overseas markets, Gree has started to implement different overseas market development models, including self-owned brand model and OEM model, in addition to constantly seeking cooperation with world-renowned enterprises and establishing cooperative partnerships to realize resource sharing and complementarity, and at the same time, it has found distributors and partners in various places to form a differentiated development strategy.

According to the annual reports of Gree in 2020, 2021 and 2022, the total operating income in the three years was 170.497 billion yuan, 189.654 billion yuan and 190.151 billion yuan respectively. The outside world has been discussing that the revenue of 200 billion yuan is the "entry ticket" of the world’s top 500 companies in the past two years. It is worth looking forward to whether Gree can break through the top 500 companies with its performance in 2023.

Dong Mingzhu had previously responded by saying that she didn’t care about falling out of the world’s top 500. She said at the party on the 28th, "I still reiterate that Gree Electric doesn’t care about the stock price because we don’t live on it."

Industry insiders predict that in 2023, with the blessing of many favorable factors such as the right time, the right place and the right people, the domestic and foreign markets of China air conditioners will perform remarkably. However, in the current situation that the domestic air-conditioning demand is narrowing, and the overseas export market is always faced with uncertainties such as geopolitics and exchange rate fluctuations, it will be difficult to replicate the higher shipment scale in 2024.

The road to transformation is full of thorns

With air conditioning as the core category, air conditioning business in Gree Electric accounts for about 70% of the total revenue in the first three quarters of 2023. In order to reverse the single development model that relies heavily on air-conditioning business, Gree has been emphasizing diversified development in recent years, trying to show the world a multi-faceted and three-dimensional enterprise structure and competitive strength.

All-media reporters of Southern Finance and Economics combed Gree Electric’s financial reports in recent years and found that the diversified layout of Gree is not comprehensive. The logic is basically to extend the industrial chain through the upstream and downstream layout of household appliances, from smart equipment and precision molds in the vertical direction of the industrial chain to refrigerators, washing machines, water heaters and drinking fountains in the horizontal direction of products, and then to new energy vehicles, mobile phones and prefabricated vegetables, and so on, stepping on the tuyere of almost every industry.

Taking intelligent equipment as an example, intelligent equipment has always been a main line of Gree’s diversified business development. Tracing back to this main line so far, Gree has made great strides.

In 2013, Dong Mingzhu personally established the Automation Office, Automation Equipment Manufacturing Department, Automation Technology Research Institute and Intelligent Equipment Technology Research Institute, which defined the development direction of "independent innovation and independent creation" and opened Gree’s entry into the field of intelligent equipment.

In 2015, Gree Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing Division independently established Gree Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., and proposed industrial robots and high-end CNC machine tools as the company’s two major research fields in the future. The industrial robots independently developed by Gree also made their debut. At the same time, Midea and Yaskawa Electric set up a joint venture robot company, took a stake in KUKA for the first time, and officially announced their entry into the robot industry.

At the end of 2022, Gree established Zhuhai Gree Prefabricated Vegetable Equipment Technology Development Co., Ltd., and the Guangdong Prefabricated Vegetable Equipment Industry Development Federation, which was led by Gree in the following year, was officially unveiled, and a prefabricated vegetable smart factory was built to March into prefabricated vegetable equipment in an all-round way.

Yang Ce of china galaxy Securities Co., Ltd. believes that Gree Electric is better than sales in revenue growth, which is expected to benefit from the improvement of income diversification level after the company’s product structure optimization and business transformation.

However, judging from the revenue structure in the first half of 2023, Gree’s industrial products, smart equipment and green energy projects accounted for 5.53%, 0.25% and 2.94% of the revenue respectively. The "second growth curve" created by Gree still has a long way to go and faces many challenges.

Now, it has been four years since Gree put forward the reform of "new retail" mode, and Gree has continuously laid out new retail channels to reduce operating costs. According to the latest public information, starting this year, Gree will fully implement a new retail model in Shandong, Guangdong and other provinces, in which dealers directly sign contracts with the company’s Zhuhai headquarters and place orders from the cloud platform, so as to shorten the sales chain.

Regarding the marketing reform, Dong Mingzhu had previously responded to the media, saying, "The first thing to reform is to change your own life. Gree’s past marketing model was created by me, and it hasn’t changed much for more than 20 years. But the background of today’s era is completely different from that of that year. The arrival of the Internet era is indeed a huge challenge for Gree. "

Reporter Huang Haihua

As long as he doesn’t go on a business trip, Nie Ming, a professor at Fudan University’s School of Life Sciences, will go back to school for scientific research after dinner. He admits that he enjoys such pure scientific research time.

How to make scientific research return to scientific research itself? As a comprehensive research university focusing on basic research, Fudan University has planted "fertile soil" for basic research in recent years, providing support at different levels and gradients, giving researchers more freedom to explore.

Jin Li, president of Fudan University and academician of China Academy of Sciences, said that universities should create a more relaxed academic ecology. If scholars are "either fighting for funds or on the way to fighting for funds", they will have little time to think deeply and it will be difficult to ask good scientific questions.

"As long as there is a unique idea, it may be supported."

On a hot summer day in 2019, Nie Ming was on his way to the office as usual. When he passed the greenhouse gate, the cool air of the air conditioner made him feel comfortable, but when he walked away, this feeling disappeared and the heat hit him again. This temperature change in a second or two inspired him.

In most previous studies of global change ecology, the ambient temperature was simplified as the average temperature. Nie Ming, who studies the decomposition of carbon in soil, thought, if the average temperature changes little, but the temperature fluctuates greatly, will it bring different effects? He quickened his pace unconsciously, and as soon as he got to the office, he couldn’t wait to convene a meeting of his team members for discussion.

At that time, in order to simulate different temperature change scenarios, it was necessary to buy a variable temperature incubator. Nie Mingshen invited Fudan University’s "original scientific research personalized support project", and within a month, the research funds arrived. "It’s really a bit unexpected. In the past, we applied for external research funds, and most of them were used in the second year." Nie Ming told reporters, "Creativity is very important to do basic research. Many young researchers around me have received support for such projects. " With this research funding, Nie Ming’s inspiration "accidentally" was able to "land" in the first time.

Youth is the most creative period, and those "flashes of thought" may contain subversive innovation. Since 2017, Fudan University has set up the "Personalized Support Project for Original Scientific Research", aiming at guiding outstanding young scientific research talents to enter the "no man’s land" from "0" and encouraging exploratory research.

"As long as there is a unique idea, it may be supported." According to the staff of Fudan University’s "Double First-class" Construction Office, this project has supported more than 600 "ideas", and the support funds range from 200,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan, trying to create a strong atmosphere of pursuing original innovation.

"It is more flexible to use and can adjust the scientific research plan independently."

Nie Ming’s "Accidental" story continues.

In 2021, Shanghai took the lead in launching the "Special Zone for Basic Research" in China, and Fudan University was one of the first three pilot units. The municipal government invests 20 million yuan in each "special zone" every year for five years, and the pilot units jointly invest at a ratio of not less than 1:1. At the same time, they also give full support in the construction of scientific research teams and the protection of scientific research software and hardware. Fudan University selected the first batch of 17 potential projects and included them in the "Basic Research Special Zone". Nie Ming’s project is one of them.

At this time, the study of "temperature fluctuation" that started from an inspiration has already begun, and Nie Mingzheng is smugly preparing for a long and in-depth study. "Basic research needs time, and I can’t wait, and the support of the’ SAR’ takes five years as a cycle, so I can calm down and do research." Nie Ming said.

After he got the first fund of this project, he hired two postdoctoral fellows, carried out large-scale field experiments and collected a large number of soil samples. In January this year, Nie Ming’s research group innovatively discovered a new mechanism of "temperature fluctuation adaptation", which provided a new way to improve the forecasting ability of ecosystem carbon cycle feedback climate change. Relevant research results were published in the international academic journal Nature, Ecology and Evolution, which was recommended as a key paper by the editorial department and distributed with editorials. "This is the largest single grant I have received since I did scientific research. It is more flexible to use, and I don’t need to make a detailed budget. I can also adjust the scientific research plan at any time. You only need to report the progress of scientific research every year, and the number of words is not limited. " Nie Ming said that this is a great trust in researchers.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Research Institute of Fudan University, two batches of 37 people have been selected into the "Basic Research Special Zone"; When selected, the average age is about 38 years old, and the youngest is 29 years old. "The SAR plans to encourage original innovation and cross-integration of academic ideas, support young researchers to challenge scientific problems and climb scientific peaks, and at the same time try their best to make researchers concentrate on their research and have no distractions through various safeguard measures."

"There is no’ cold bench’ here", and behind the state of mind is ecology.

What is the ideal basic research environment? Zhang Yuanbo, a professor of physics at Fudan University, believes that the most important thing is to have stable research funding support, so there is no need to worry that funding will be "cut off". Secondly, assessment is also needed, such as expert evaluation in the industry, not only papers but also "hats".

Fudan University has implemented the evaluation mechanism of "representative achievements" since 2013 to "reduce the burden" for researchers. In 2019, the "Key Support Plan for Original Innovation" was further established to provide personalized support for highlighting the original innovation of scientific research, the source innovation of cutting-edge core technologies, and young researchers. The amount of project support can reach 10 million yuan, and at the same time, according to the actual needs of applicants, support is given in space, team building, postgraduate enrollment and other aspects.

Relying on the stable support of the school, Zhang Yuanbo’s team did a great thing-took the lead in developing an ultra-high vacuum sample preparation system for the research of new two-dimensional materials in the world. Most two-dimensional materials are very easy to deteriorate in air, and their quantum properties will disappear. Can the whole sample preparation process be put into ultra-high vacuum environment? This needs to overcome many engineering problems. Independent research and development of equipment itself requires a lot of money, but in most scientific research projects, the proportion of equipment costs is relatively small. "When we started doing this, there was no such equipment in the world." Zhang Yuanbo said.

Basic research is "source power" and "meta-strength". Since 2021, Fudan University has made great efforts to implement the "First-class Discipline Training Action", aiming at the key areas to be broken through, setting up a training team, and further consolidating the discipline soil of basic research.

A few days ago, the "Low-dimensional Quantum Materials" project team led by Zhang Yuanbo was supported by the above plan because of its systematic and excellent scientific research foundation in the early stage. "The competition in this field is very fierce, and we don’t have a’ cold bench’ for basic research here." Zhang Yuanbo said with a smile that the young people in the team are full of momentum, and everyone is thinking about how to do better work.

This state of mind is not unique in Fudan University. When the world enters the era of great science, the degree of organization of basic research is getting higher and higher, and the influence of system guarantee and policy guidance on the output of basic research is increasing. But basic research is creative, forward-looking and deep-rooted. Under the current investment structure of basic research, which is still dominated by external competitive funds, as the direct "organizer" of basic research, it is very important for universities or research institutes to make use of limited resources, see the value of creativity, forward-looking direction and deep-rooted strength, step forward in time and extend a helping hand. To some extent, this kind of "timely rain" support is the most needed for the frontier exploration of basic research.

Behind the mentality and state is ecology. From "having a unique idea can be supported" to "being able to adjust the scientific research plan independently", and from individual-oriented to discipline-oriented, Fudan University continuously optimizes the supporting ecology of basic research, so that researchers have a sense of certainty and value. This makes us full of expectations for high-quality scientific and technological innovation in the future.

"The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased to more than 60%, and the ability of innovation to support development has been continuously enhanced." "Innovative achievements in the fields of large aircraft manufacturing and artificial intelligence are constantly emerging" … In the 2023 government work report, scientific and technological innovations are inspiring.

Scientific and technological innovation and technological progress are the core competitiveness of a country. In recent years, China’s scientific and technological undertakings have developed by leaps and bounds, the ability of scientific and technological innovation has been accelerated, and the role of science and technology as the primary productive force has been further exerted. The data shows that China’s global innovation index ranking rose from the 34th in 2012 to the 11th in 2022, and it successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries, opening a new stage of realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and building a powerful country in science and technology.

This year’s government work report pointed out that science and technology policy should focus on self-reliance and self-improvement. Improve the new national system, give full play to the organizational role of the government in tackling key core technologies, and highlight the main position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises. In the field of information and communication, from 6G and artificial intelligence to the Internet of Things and quantum information, innovation has never stopped. To further promote high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, build a strong country in science and technology, and run the concept of innovation and development through the whole process of modernization, we need to strive to create a good ecological environment for scientific and technological innovation, and we need to unite all forces to form a joint force.

At present, the clarion call of scientific and technological innovation is sounded again, and the national strategic orientation and the needs of various subjects strongly resonate. In the fertile soil where all things germinate and flourish, science and technology will inject more wisdom into high-quality development.

Scientific and Technological Innovation in Government Work Report

Scientific and technological innovation has yielded fruitful results.Build a new national system, set up national laboratories, and promote the reorganization of national key laboratories in batches. Some key core technologies have made new breakthroughs, and innovations in manned space flight, lunar exploration, deep-sea exploration, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, large aircraft manufacturing, artificial intelligence and other fields have emerged. The investment intensity of R&D funds in the whole society has increased from 2.1% to more than 2.5%, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased to more than 60%, and the ability of innovation to support development has been continuously enhanced.

Enhance the leading role of scientific and technological innovation.Strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, implement a number of major scientific and technological innovation projects, and strengthen key core technology research. Give full play to the role of universities and research institutes and support the development of new R&D institutions. Promote the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers and lay out the construction of comprehensive national science centers. Support basic research and applied basic research, and the national basic research funds have doubled in five years. Reform the management system of scientific research projects and funds to give scientific research units and researchers greater autonomy. Strengthen intellectual property protection and stimulate innovation. Promote international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Through the market-oriented mechanism, enterprises are encouraged to innovate, and the deduction ratio of R&D expenses of enterprises is continuously increased, from 50% and 75% to 100% for manufacturing enterprises and small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises respectively, and it is expanded to all applicable industries in stages. The annual scale of various tax preferential policies supporting innovation has exceeded one trillion yuan. Create financial policy tools to support innovation and guide the development of venture capital. Enterprise R&D investment maintained double-digit growth, and a large number of innovative enterprises stood out.

6G

After several generations’ efforts, China’s mobile communication has achieved the leap-forward development of 2G following, 3G breakthrough, 4G synchronization and 5G leading, and its strategic, basic and leading role in China’s economic and social development has become increasingly prominent, becoming the core engine of social development. As the next generation mobile communication technology, the 6th generation mobile communication (6G) is another opportunity for China to climb the peak of mobile communication after 5G.

With the large-scale commercialization of 5G network, 6G, as the cornerstone of future communication, has quickly entered the global mobile communication industry. At present, major economies in the world have started the research and development of 6G networks, and the research and development of 6G in China has also been significantly accelerated since 2022. 6G will integrate the development trend of core technical elements in the field of pan-information communication, making its technical connotation, industrial category and strategic value far exceed that of traditional mobile communication, and it is the commanding height of global scientific and technological innovation and competition.

At the first "Ministerial Channel" of the First Session of the 14th National People’s Congress held recently, Jin Zhuanglong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, introduced that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is currently summing up the experience of promoting 5G, supporting the industry to set up a 6G promotion group, code-named "IMT-2030(6G) promotion group", which is already working.

In the next step, Jin Zhuanglong said, the key point is to maintain the good development momentum of 5G, and the specific measures can be summarized as "building", "using" and "researching". At present, China has built the largest and most advanced 5G network, and China’s 5G development has been at the forefront of the world. The data shows that China has built more than 2.34 million 5G base stations, and the number of 5G mobile phone users has exceeded 575 million. More than half of the 97 categories in the national economy use 5G, such as mining, ports, electricity, and large aircraft manufacturing.

Especially for "research", Jin Zhuanglong said: "From the perspective of the development process of 5G, giving full play to the role of government, enterprises and research institutions, it seems that the effect is very good now. We must give full play to the advantages of ultra-large-scale market and complete industrial system. Industry-University-Research will use concentrated efforts to strengthen international cooperation and accelerate 6G research and development. "

artificial intelligence

Emerging industries are new pillars and new tracks leading the future development. Among them, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into the whole process of various fields of economic and social development, and has become an important driving force to promote the leap-forward development of science and technology, industrial optimization and upgrading, and the overall leap of productivity. In recent years, China’s artificial intelligence has accelerated its development, and a complete industrial system has been formed, and a number of "specialized and innovative" enterprises have thrived. This year’s government work report mentioned that it is necessary to accelerate the development of digital industries such as artificial intelligence.

At present, generative AI has a strong development momentum, which refers to the technology of creating new content by using existing text, audio files or images. The key technology of generative AI is generative countermeasure network, which is a deep learning model in essence. The hot performance of ChatGPT in the past year is the best example of the rapid development of AI technology.

Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology, said that ChatGPT attracted attention because it, as a big model, effectively combined big data, big computing power and strong algorithms. Its calculation method has improved. The same principle lies in whether it is done well. For example, engines, everyone can make engines, but the quality is different. Playing football is dribbling and shooting, but it is not easy to be as good as Messi. From this point of view, it is very difficult for ChatGPT to make technological progress, especially to ensure the real-time performance and the effectiveness of the algorithm quality. We can understand and talk with people’s natural language through calculation, but it is not easy to achieve real-time effect. OpenAI has its advantages in this respect.

Statista, a third-party statistical platform, predicts that the AI market will maintain an average annual growth rate of 50.7%. By 2025, the global artificial intelligence market will reach 36.9 billion US dollars, and the capabilities of artificial intelligence in image (including face) recognition, speech recognition, industrial/manufacturing brain, predictive analysis and automation (including autonomous driving) will continue to improve.

Internet of things

At the World Summit on the Information Society in 2005, the International Telecommunication Union formally put forward the concept of "Internet of Things", suggesting that the ubiquitous communication era of "Internet of Things" is coming, and all objects in the world, from tires to toothbrushes, from houses to paper towels, can actively exchange information through the Internet.

The technical idea of the Internet of Things is "connecting everything on demand". Specifically, all objects (including all entities and virtual physical objects and terminal equipment) that can be independently identified, including people, machines and objects, are connected everywhere according to requirements through various network technologies and information sensing equipment such as radio frequency identification (data exchange through radio to achieve information identification), infrared sensors, global positioning systems and laser scanners, and information transmission and collaborative interaction are carried out. In order to realize the intelligent information perception, identification, location, tracking, monitoring and management of objects, and build an intelligent service environment with the ability of anthropomorphic knowledge learning, analysis and processing, automatic decision-making and behavior control among all objects.

With the popularization of Internet of Things applications, trillions of new devices with different application requirements, such as smart wearable devices, smart home appliances, intelligent networked cars, intelligent robots, smart medical care, farmland water conservancy and municipal buildings, will be connected to the network. These applications are exploding and forming massive data, which promotes the further digitalization, networking and intelligence of production, life and social management, and promotes more intelligent and efficient economic and social development.

At present, China has built the largest mobile Internet of Things in the world, with the number of connections reaching 1.845 billion, accounting for more than 70% of the total number of connections in the world, becoming the first country in the world to realize "superman". Mobile Internet of Things has been widely used in digital city construction, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent transportation, mobile payment and other fields, which has profoundly changed people’s lifestyle. With the continuous development of Internet of Things technology, the Internet of Things industry in China will achieve greater development in the future.

Quantum information

The development of quantum information is of great scientific significance and strategic value. It is a major subversive technological innovation that impacts and reconstructs the traditional technological system and will lead a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. Quantum information mainly includes quantum communication, quantum calculation, quantum precision measurement and so on. In recent years, China has increased its research investment in quantum science and technology, and its technological innovation is active. Through relay propulsion, we have followed and ran to lead in the field of quantum information, and innovative achievements have emerged continuously.

The development of quantum communication is closely related to national information security and strategy, and countries attach great importance to it. In recent years, China has accelerated the construction of quantum communication network and has successfully advanced into the first echelon in the world. At present, quantum communication has the preliminary commercial conditions, and China is actively building a quantum secure communication network. China actively promotes the construction of ground quantum communication networks such as Beijing-Shanghai trunk line/Wuhe trunk line/Beijing MAN/Hefei MAN, and China University of Science and Technology takes the lead in developing Mozi quantum communication satellite and realizing the distribution of quantum keys from satellite to ground spanning 4,600 kilometers.

In the recently hit sci-fi movie Wandering Earth 2, the scene that MOSS, a quantum computer in China, works with thousands of "planetary engines" around the world with powerful computing power is shocking. In 2020, China University of Science and Technology built a 76-photon quantum computing prototype "Nine Chapters"; In October 2021, the upgraded version of "Nine Chapters No.2" of "Nine Chapters" was successfully built, which once again set a new record for the technical level of international optical quantum manipulation. Its handling of specific problems is billions of times faster than the fastest supercomputer in the world. Coupled with the superconducting quantum computer "Zu Chongzhi II" released by China University of Science and Technology in October 2021, this series of remarkable achievements indicates that China has become the only country in the world that has reached the milestone of "quantum superiority" on the two "tracks" of superconductivity and optical quantum.

It can be seen that China has made great efforts to play a "first move" and mastered more key technologies with independent intellectual property rights on the new world science and technology frontier tracks such as quantum computing, laying a solid foundation for participating in international science and technology competition and seizing the track of quantum science and technology development.

big data

Big data industry is a strategic emerging industry focusing on data generation, collection, storage, processing, analysis and service. It is the key support to activate the potential of data elements and an important engine to accelerate the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic and social development. The latest data shows that the scale of China’s big data industry reached 1.57 trillion yuan in 2022, an increase of 18% year-on-year, and it has become an important force to promote the development of the digital economy.

Digital infrastructure has achieved leap-forward development. By the end of 2022, China has built the world’s largest optical fiber network, with a total optical fiber mileage of nearly 60 million kilometers, a total data center rack of nearly 6 million standard racks, and more than 2.3 million 5G base stations nationwide, all of which rank among the top in the world. The innovation and development of the digital industry has accelerated. The number of invention patents granted in artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other fields ranks among the top in the world, and the scale of core industries in the digital economy has accelerated. The national software business revenue has increased from 2.5 trillion yuan in 2012 to 10.8 trillion yuan in 2022. Digital empowerment of the real economy has achieved remarkable results. In 2022, the digital transformation of China’s manufacturing industry was further promoted, and the development of intelligent agriculture was accelerated. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest has exceeded 72%, effectively improving agricultural production efficiency. The digitalization level of the service industry has improved significantly, and the scale of e-commerce and mobile payment is leading in the world.

At this year’s National People’s Congress, the State Council’s institutional reform plan mentioned the establishment of a national data bureau, which is responsible for coordinating and promoting the construction of basic data systems, coordinating the integration, sharing, development and utilization of data resources, and coordinating the planning and construction of digital China, digital economy and digital society. It can be seen that the establishment of the National Data Bureau corresponds to the digital strategic transformation of the whole country, which is of great significance to the development and sharing of data resources, as well as the formulation of data policies and the exchange of data transactions. We also expect data elements to further stimulate market potential, release innovation vitality and further empower the high-quality development of the digital economy.

VR（Virtual Reality）

Virtual reality (including augmented reality and mixed reality) is an important frontier direction of the new generation of information technology and a major forward-looking field of digital economy, which will profoundly change the production and lifestyle of human beings. After years of development, the virtual reality industry has initially built an ecosystem based on technological innovation, and is entering a strategic window period with product upgrading and integrated application as the main line.

At present, domestic and foreign technology giants continue to exert their efforts in the virtual reality industry, and the sensing, interaction, modeling and presentation technologies of virtual reality have continuously made breakthroughs, and users’ experience in interaction, display and wearing comfort has also been continuously improved. With vr-platform’s common problems such as wearing dizziness and transmission delay being gradually solved, the production industry of virtual reality content such as movies, games, social interaction and live broadcast has gradually matured, and the virtual reality industry has become increasingly mature and perfect in hardware, software and content applications.

In recent years, the state attaches great importance to the iterative development of virtual reality technology, and has issued a number of policies such as the Action Plan for the Integration of Virtual Reality and Industrial Applications (2022-2026). Breakthroughs in research and development of key sub-sectors such as near-eye display, rendering processing, perceptual interaction, network transmission, content production, compression coding, security and trustworthiness will be the focus of industrial development and technical research in the next period. Thanks to this, virtual reality will further strengthen its deep integration with new generation information technologies such as 5G and artificial intelligence, and the endogenous ability and empowerment ability of "Virtual Reality" will be effectively improved.

China’s virtual reality innovation ability will be significantly enhanced. A systematic innovation system of multi-technology integration and Industry-University-Research’s efficient collaboration has basically taken shape, and important breakthroughs have been made in key core technologies such as near-eye display and rendering processing. Virtual reality standards have been further studied and formulated, and a number of radio and television and network audio-visual virtual reality production experimental zones and virtual reality empowerment stage art digital production experimental zones have been built. It is estimated that by 2026, the overall scale of China’s virtual reality industry (including related hardware, software, applications, etc.) will exceed 350 billion yuan, and the sales of virtual reality terminals will exceed 25 million units.

Voice of deputies

Li Dongsheng, NPC deputy and chairman of TCL:

We must break through the key core technology of "sticking the neck"

Li Dongsheng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and founder and chairman of TCL, said: "The government work report presents the overall achievements of China’s economic and social development in the past five years, and puts forward practical suggestions and goals for future development, which is inspiring and inspiring. Under the current situation, scientific and technological innovation is not only a development issue, but also a survival issue. For high-quality development, technological innovation is the first driving force. "

Li Dongsheng said: "China’s science and technology manufacturing industry will play an extremely important role in high-quality development. Under the current situation, we can only take the road of self-reliance and self-improvement through science and technology, and we must break through the key core technologies of’ stuck neck’, such as integrated circuits, precision materials, core devices, high-end equipment and other fields. "

In addition, the government work report once again emphasizes the need to highlight the main position of enterprise innovation and let enterprises play a greater role in scientific and technological innovation. In the past five years, the annual scale of various tax incentives to support innovation has exceeded one trillion yuan, which greatly encouraged the confidence of enterprises to invest in R&D and enhanced their innovation momentum. "Enterprises are duty-bound to continue to promote scientific and technological innovation. I feel a great responsibility. In the future, we should focus on the weak links in the industrial chain, dare to advance into the technology no man’s land, and dare to tackle major technical problems. " Li Dongsheng said.

Zhou Yunjie, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman of the board of directors of Haier Group:

Strengthening the national strategic scientific and technological strength with scientific and technological innovation

At this year’s National People’s Congress, Zhou Yunjie, Chairman and CEO of Haier Group, submitted "Suggestions on Giving Full Play to the Role of Leading Enterprises in Science and Technology and Improving the Coordination Mechanism of National Strategic Science and Technology Forces", focusing on the system and mechanism problems existing in the coordination organization of various scientific and technological forces, the stimulation of talents’ vitality and the improvement of talents’ ability, and making suggestions for strengthening China’s strategic science and technology forces and realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

"To establish a scientific and technological innovation system in the whole industry chain, enterprises, universities and research institutes should establish a targeted innovation system from the perspective of the whole industry chain, so that the innovation of 0→1 and 1→N can be seamlessly connected." Zhou Yunjie gave such suggestions for building an innovation consortium and enhancing the national strategic scientific and technological strength. He pointed out that a group of leading enterprises in science and technology should be selected, and the enterprises should take the lead in organizing universities and scientific research institutions to carry out the whole process pilot of "industrial demand-technical problems-scientific research-industrial application" with special support methods such as "revealing the list and taking the lead", forming a model that can be used for reference and replicated.

"After the product economy and platform economy, the future will be an ecological economy. Enterprises and universities must tear down the walls. Only when cross-border integration forms an innovative ecology can they develop better." Zhou Yunjie believes that the deep integration of schools and enterprises can cultivate more talents that meet the needs of the times and fully release the vitality of scientific and technological talents.

Liu Qingfeng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman of Iflytek:

Continue to promote the R&D and upgrading of cognitive intelligence big model technology in China.

At present, the breakthrough of cognitive intelligence technology represented by ChatGPT has aroused global hot discussion and concern. Liu Qingfeng proposed that we should speed up the construction of a large model of cognitive intelligence in China, and let the industry enjoy the AI dividend as soon as possible on the self-controlled platform, so that everyone can have an AI assistant.

At present, although many institutions and enterprises in China have released a series of large models, they have not really taken the systematic algorithm paths such as pre-training of large models, supervised training based on Prompt tasks and reinforcement learning based on human feedback, and the intelligence level of large models is still significantly lower than that of ChatGPT.

ChatGPT-like R&D is a systematic project with continuous evolution, with high task difficulty and large investment. It is suggested that China should take leading scientific and technological enterprises as the main body of innovation, unite national strategic scientific and technological forces such as national laboratories and national key laboratories, build a long-term and stable cooperative innovation system in Industry-University-Research under the overall planning and support of national special projects, and continue to promote the technological R&D and upgrading of China’s cognitive intelligence model. In addition, in order to support the domestic hardware and software technology base of artificial intelligence for large-scale model research and development and service, China cognitive intelligence model can only have a self-controlled future if it is developed on the domestic technology base.

The research and development and service of large-scale models can only be promoted safely and continuously for a long time on the domestic basic software and hardware platforms such as storage, computing power and operating system, effectively avoiding the "stuck neck" problem in some links in the future. Support large-scale model research and development institutions to establish long-term strategic cooperation with domestic artificial intelligence software and hardware institutions, and work together to ensure that the technical base is autonomous and controllable.

Guo Lei, deputy of the National People’s Congress and professor of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics:

Based on basic theory and full chain innovation, serving the country’s major needs

The national strategic scientific and technological strength has been accelerated, and important progress has been made in tackling key core technologies. But we also deeply feel that there are still uncertainties and unpredictable risks in the international situation. The vast number of scientific and technological workers can play an important role in the new journey of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which is both a great honor and a great responsibility. We will continue to carry forward the spirit of perseverance in serving the country, solve difficult problems and activate our strength, and make greater contributions to the country’s high-level science and technology.

Guo Lei believes that it is necessary to apply the wisdom of the vast number of scientific researchers to the places where the motherland needs them most. He suggested that from the aspects of scientific research system, talent incentive and evaluation mechanism, the whole chain innovation from basic theoretical research, algorithms, software, hardware and equipment to major engineering applications should be carried out in order to accelerate the close integration of basic theoretical research and major national needs and realize the dialectical unity of these two major goals.

Deng Zhonghan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and commander-in-chief of Starlight China Core Project:

The core technical standard is the commanding height of scientific and technological innovation

During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, Deng Zhonghan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and commander-in-chief of "Starlight China Core Project", proposed that in the post-Moore era, we should continue to innovate with high quality to build a self-reliant and self-reliant ecosystem.

He said that in the new era and new situation, the drive of high-quality innovation is closely integrated with the destiny of the country, and strong innovation will make the country prosperous. Scientific and technological innovation is an important force in national construction and development, which provides a strong support for the construction of an innovative country and a strong country in science and technology. In Deng Zhonghan’s view, scientific and technological workers should have the mind and responsibility to serve the country through science and technology, sit on the bench for ten years, have patience and confidence, devote themselves to continuous innovation and high-quality innovation of key technologies, and open up a new track for scientific and technological innovation in the post-Moore era.

Deng Zhonghan called on the government and scientific and technological enterprises to pay attention to the study of core technical standards, and hoped to get the support of the whole society, because scientific and technological innovation can not be separated from standard innovation, and core technical standards have become the commanding heights of scientific and technological innovation. Standards are an important support for scientific and technological innovation and economic and social development, an important carrier of technical rules and basic systems, and are related to national competitiveness, international discourse power and the strategic overall situation of the global industrial chain.

Guo Yufeng, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy general manager of Feiteng Company:

Continue to promote the breakthrough of core chip industry and build a secure base for digital economy.

As the cornerstone of industrial development in the era of digital economy, chips are directly related to the national strategic security and industrial development security, and are also an important support for realizing self-reliance and self-reliance in science and technology. Guo Yufeng believes that unswervingly and vigorously developing domestic CPU is an inevitable choice for national strategy and industrial development. Only by continuously promoting breakthroughs in the core chip industry can we build a secure base for the digital economy.

In order to promote and support the development of chip industry, the state has successively issued a series of industrial support policies, which have promoted the rapid development of domestic CPU through the application of major projects. Domestic software and hardware products have gradually realized the rapid development from "unavailable" to "available" and then to "basically easy to use", and the domestic ecology has shown the development trend from weak and closed to prosperous and open, and has also realized the application from pilot to small scale and then to large scale.

In view of the severe challenges faced by domestic chips at present, we should give full play to the advantages of the new national system, concentrate on tackling difficulties, make overall plans for key layouts, strengthen market practice to help products mature, and pool market resources to feed back scientific and technological innovation, so as to break through difficulties.

The first suggestion is to adhere to the development concept of "paying equal attention to autonomy and ecology" and accelerate the convergence of technical routes. The second is to give play to the role of enterprises as the main body of innovation and accelerate the establishment of a positive cycle of R&D and market. The third is to seize the key opportunities of industrial transformation and achieve breakthroughs in the information industry.