"The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased to more than 60%, and the ability of innovation to support development has been continuously enhanced." "Innovative achievements in the fields of large aircraft manufacturing and artificial intelligence are constantly emerging" … In the 2023 government work report, scientific and technological innovations are inspiring.

Scientific and technological innovation and technological progress are the core competitiveness of a country. In recent years, China’s scientific and technological undertakings have developed by leaps and bounds, the ability of scientific and technological innovation has been accelerated, and the role of science and technology as the primary productive force has been further exerted. The data shows that China’s global innovation index ranking rose from the 34th in 2012 to the 11th in 2022, and it successfully entered the ranks of innovative countries, opening a new stage of realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and building a powerful country in science and technology.

This year’s government work report pointed out that science and technology policy should focus on self-reliance and self-improvement. Improve the new national system, give full play to the organizational role of the government in tackling key core technologies, and highlight the main position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises. In the field of information and communication, from 6G and artificial intelligence to the Internet of Things and quantum information, innovation has never stopped. To further promote high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, build a strong country in science and technology, and run the concept of innovation and development through the whole process of modernization, we need to strive to create a good ecological environment for scientific and technological innovation, and we need to unite all forces to form a joint force.

At present, the clarion call of scientific and technological innovation is sounded again, and the national strategic orientation and the needs of various subjects strongly resonate. In the fertile soil where all things germinate and flourish, science and technology will inject more wisdom into high-quality development.

Scientific and Technological Innovation in Government Work Report

Scientific and technological innovation has yielded fruitful results.Build a new national system, set up national laboratories, and promote the reorganization of national key laboratories in batches. Some key core technologies have made new breakthroughs, and innovations in manned space flight, lunar exploration, deep-sea exploration, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, large aircraft manufacturing, artificial intelligence and other fields have emerged. The investment intensity of R&D funds in the whole society has increased from 2.1% to more than 2.5%, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased to more than 60%, and the ability of innovation to support development has been continuously enhanced.

Enhance the leading role of scientific and technological innovation.Strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, implement a number of major scientific and technological innovation projects, and strengthen key core technology research. Give full play to the role of universities and research institutes and support the development of new R&D institutions. Promote the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers and lay out the construction of comprehensive national science centers. Support basic research and applied basic research, and the national basic research funds have doubled in five years. Reform the management system of scientific research projects and funds to give scientific research units and researchers greater autonomy. Strengthen intellectual property protection and stimulate innovation. Promote international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Through the market-oriented mechanism, enterprises are encouraged to innovate, and the deduction ratio of R&D expenses of enterprises is continuously increased, from 50% and 75% to 100% for manufacturing enterprises and small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises respectively, and it is expanded to all applicable industries in stages. The annual scale of various tax preferential policies supporting innovation has exceeded one trillion yuan. Create financial policy tools to support innovation and guide the development of venture capital. Enterprise R&D investment maintained double-digit growth, and a large number of innovative enterprises stood out.

6G

After several generations’ efforts, China’s mobile communication has achieved the leap-forward development of 2G following, 3G breakthrough, 4G synchronization and 5G leading, and its strategic, basic and leading role in China’s economic and social development has become increasingly prominent, becoming the core engine of social development. As the next generation mobile communication technology, the 6th generation mobile communication (6G) is another opportunity for China to climb the peak of mobile communication after 5G.

With the large-scale commercialization of 5G network, 6G, as the cornerstone of future communication, has quickly entered the global mobile communication industry. At present, major economies in the world have started the research and development of 6G networks, and the research and development of 6G in China has also been significantly accelerated since 2022. 6G will integrate the development trend of core technical elements in the field of pan-information communication, making its technical connotation, industrial category and strategic value far exceed that of traditional mobile communication, and it is the commanding height of global scientific and technological innovation and competition.

At the first "Ministerial Channel" of the First Session of the 14th National People’s Congress held recently, Jin Zhuanglong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, introduced that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is currently summing up the experience of promoting 5G, supporting the industry to set up a 6G promotion group, code-named "IMT-2030(6G) promotion group", which is already working.

In the next step, Jin Zhuanglong said, the key point is to maintain the good development momentum of 5G, and the specific measures can be summarized as "building", "using" and "researching". At present, China has built the largest and most advanced 5G network, and China’s 5G development has been at the forefront of the world. The data shows that China has built more than 2.34 million 5G base stations, and the number of 5G mobile phone users has exceeded 575 million. More than half of the 97 categories in the national economy use 5G, such as mining, ports, electricity, and large aircraft manufacturing.

Especially for "research", Jin Zhuanglong said: "From the perspective of the development process of 5G, giving full play to the role of government, enterprises and research institutions, it seems that the effect is very good now. We must give full play to the advantages of ultra-large-scale market and complete industrial system. Industry-University-Research will use concentrated efforts to strengthen international cooperation and accelerate 6G research and development. "

artificial intelligence

Emerging industries are new pillars and new tracks leading the future development. Among them, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into the whole process of various fields of economic and social development, and has become an important driving force to promote the leap-forward development of science and technology, industrial optimization and upgrading, and the overall leap of productivity. In recent years, China’s artificial intelligence has accelerated its development, and a complete industrial system has been formed, and a number of "specialized and innovative" enterprises have thrived. This year’s government work report mentioned that it is necessary to accelerate the development of digital industries such as artificial intelligence.

At present, generative AI has a strong development momentum, which refers to the technology of creating new content by using existing text, audio files or images. The key technology of generative AI is generative countermeasure network, which is a deep learning model in essence. The hot performance of ChatGPT in the past year is the best example of the rapid development of AI technology.

Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology, said that ChatGPT attracted attention because it, as a big model, effectively combined big data, big computing power and strong algorithms. Its calculation method has improved. The same principle lies in whether it is done well. For example, engines, everyone can make engines, but the quality is different. Playing football is dribbling and shooting, but it is not easy to be as good as Messi. From this point of view, it is very difficult for ChatGPT to make technological progress, especially to ensure the real-time performance and the effectiveness of the algorithm quality. We can understand and talk with people’s natural language through calculation, but it is not easy to achieve real-time effect. OpenAI has its advantages in this respect.

Statista, a third-party statistical platform, predicts that the AI market will maintain an average annual growth rate of 50.7%. By 2025, the global artificial intelligence market will reach 36.9 billion US dollars, and the capabilities of artificial intelligence in image (including face) recognition, speech recognition, industrial/manufacturing brain, predictive analysis and automation (including autonomous driving) will continue to improve.

Internet of things

At the World Summit on the Information Society in 2005, the International Telecommunication Union formally put forward the concept of "Internet of Things", suggesting that the ubiquitous communication era of "Internet of Things" is coming, and all objects in the world, from tires to toothbrushes, from houses to paper towels, can actively exchange information through the Internet.

The technical idea of the Internet of Things is "connecting everything on demand". Specifically, all objects (including all entities and virtual physical objects and terminal equipment) that can be independently identified, including people, machines and objects, are connected everywhere according to requirements through various network technologies and information sensing equipment such as radio frequency identification (data exchange through radio to achieve information identification), infrared sensors, global positioning systems and laser scanners, and information transmission and collaborative interaction are carried out. In order to realize the intelligent information perception, identification, location, tracking, monitoring and management of objects, and build an intelligent service environment with the ability of anthropomorphic knowledge learning, analysis and processing, automatic decision-making and behavior control among all objects.

With the popularization of Internet of Things applications, trillions of new devices with different application requirements, such as smart wearable devices, smart home appliances, intelligent networked cars, intelligent robots, smart medical care, farmland water conservancy and municipal buildings, will be connected to the network. These applications are exploding and forming massive data, which promotes the further digitalization, networking and intelligence of production, life and social management, and promotes more intelligent and efficient economic and social development.

At present, China has built the largest mobile Internet of Things in the world, with the number of connections reaching 1.845 billion, accounting for more than 70% of the total number of connections in the world, becoming the first country in the world to realize "superman". Mobile Internet of Things has been widely used in digital city construction, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent transportation, mobile payment and other fields, which has profoundly changed people’s lifestyle. With the continuous development of Internet of Things technology, the Internet of Things industry in China will achieve greater development in the future.

Quantum information

The development of quantum information is of great scientific significance and strategic value. It is a major subversive technological innovation that impacts and reconstructs the traditional technological system and will lead a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. Quantum information mainly includes quantum communication, quantum calculation, quantum precision measurement and so on. In recent years, China has increased its research investment in quantum science and technology, and its technological innovation is active. Through relay propulsion, we have followed and ran to lead in the field of quantum information, and innovative achievements have emerged continuously.

The development of quantum communication is closely related to national information security and strategy, and countries attach great importance to it. In recent years, China has accelerated the construction of quantum communication network and has successfully advanced into the first echelon in the world. At present, quantum communication has the preliminary commercial conditions, and China is actively building a quantum secure communication network. China actively promotes the construction of ground quantum communication networks such as Beijing-Shanghai trunk line/Wuhe trunk line/Beijing MAN/Hefei MAN, and China University of Science and Technology takes the lead in developing Mozi quantum communication satellite and realizing the distribution of quantum keys from satellite to ground spanning 4,600 kilometers.

In the recently hit sci-fi movie Wandering Earth 2, the scene that MOSS, a quantum computer in China, works with thousands of "planetary engines" around the world with powerful computing power is shocking. In 2020, China University of Science and Technology built a 76-photon quantum computing prototype "Nine Chapters"; In October 2021, the upgraded version of "Nine Chapters No.2" of "Nine Chapters" was successfully built, which once again set a new record for the technical level of international optical quantum manipulation. Its handling of specific problems is billions of times faster than the fastest supercomputer in the world. Coupled with the superconducting quantum computer "Zu Chongzhi II" released by China University of Science and Technology in October 2021, this series of remarkable achievements indicates that China has become the only country in the world that has reached the milestone of "quantum superiority" on the two "tracks" of superconductivity and optical quantum.

It can be seen that China has made great efforts to play a "first move" and mastered more key technologies with independent intellectual property rights on the new world science and technology frontier tracks such as quantum computing, laying a solid foundation for participating in international science and technology competition and seizing the track of quantum science and technology development.

big data

Big data industry is a strategic emerging industry focusing on data generation, collection, storage, processing, analysis and service. It is the key support to activate the potential of data elements and an important engine to accelerate the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic and social development. The latest data shows that the scale of China’s big data industry reached 1.57 trillion yuan in 2022, an increase of 18% year-on-year, and it has become an important force to promote the development of the digital economy.

Digital infrastructure has achieved leap-forward development. By the end of 2022, China has built the world’s largest optical fiber network, with a total optical fiber mileage of nearly 60 million kilometers, a total data center rack of nearly 6 million standard racks, and more than 2.3 million 5G base stations nationwide, all of which rank among the top in the world. The innovation and development of the digital industry has accelerated. The number of invention patents granted in artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other fields ranks among the top in the world, and the scale of core industries in the digital economy has accelerated. The national software business revenue has increased from 2.5 trillion yuan in 2012 to 10.8 trillion yuan in 2022. Digital empowerment of the real economy has achieved remarkable results. In 2022, the digital transformation of China’s manufacturing industry was further promoted, and the development of intelligent agriculture was accelerated. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest has exceeded 72%, effectively improving agricultural production efficiency. The digitalization level of the service industry has improved significantly, and the scale of e-commerce and mobile payment is leading in the world.

At this year’s National People’s Congress, the State Council’s institutional reform plan mentioned the establishment of a national data bureau, which is responsible for coordinating and promoting the construction of basic data systems, coordinating the integration, sharing, development and utilization of data resources, and coordinating the planning and construction of digital China, digital economy and digital society. It can be seen that the establishment of the National Data Bureau corresponds to the digital strategic transformation of the whole country, which is of great significance to the development and sharing of data resources, as well as the formulation of data policies and the exchange of data transactions. We also expect data elements to further stimulate market potential, release innovation vitality and further empower the high-quality development of the digital economy.

VR（Virtual Reality）

Virtual reality (including augmented reality and mixed reality) is an important frontier direction of the new generation of information technology and a major forward-looking field of digital economy, which will profoundly change the production and lifestyle of human beings. After years of development, the virtual reality industry has initially built an ecosystem based on technological innovation, and is entering a strategic window period with product upgrading and integrated application as the main line.

At present, domestic and foreign technology giants continue to exert their efforts in the virtual reality industry, and the sensing, interaction, modeling and presentation technologies of virtual reality have continuously made breakthroughs, and users’ experience in interaction, display and wearing comfort has also been continuously improved. With vr-platform’s common problems such as wearing dizziness and transmission delay being gradually solved, the production industry of virtual reality content such as movies, games, social interaction and live broadcast has gradually matured, and the virtual reality industry has become increasingly mature and perfect in hardware, software and content applications.

In recent years, the state attaches great importance to the iterative development of virtual reality technology, and has issued a number of policies such as the Action Plan for the Integration of Virtual Reality and Industrial Applications (2022-2026). Breakthroughs in research and development of key sub-sectors such as near-eye display, rendering processing, perceptual interaction, network transmission, content production, compression coding, security and trustworthiness will be the focus of industrial development and technical research in the next period. Thanks to this, virtual reality will further strengthen its deep integration with new generation information technologies such as 5G and artificial intelligence, and the endogenous ability and empowerment ability of "Virtual Reality" will be effectively improved.

China’s virtual reality innovation ability will be significantly enhanced. A systematic innovation system of multi-technology integration and Industry-University-Research’s efficient collaboration has basically taken shape, and important breakthroughs have been made in key core technologies such as near-eye display and rendering processing. Virtual reality standards have been further studied and formulated, and a number of radio and television and network audio-visual virtual reality production experimental zones and virtual reality empowerment stage art digital production experimental zones have been built. It is estimated that by 2026, the overall scale of China’s virtual reality industry (including related hardware, software, applications, etc.) will exceed 350 billion yuan, and the sales of virtual reality terminals will exceed 25 million units.

Voice of deputies

Li Dongsheng, NPC deputy and chairman of TCL:

We must break through the key core technology of "sticking the neck"

Li Dongsheng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and founder and chairman of TCL, said: "The government work report presents the overall achievements of China’s economic and social development in the past five years, and puts forward practical suggestions and goals for future development, which is inspiring and inspiring. Under the current situation, scientific and technological innovation is not only a development issue, but also a survival issue. For high-quality development, technological innovation is the first driving force. "

Li Dongsheng said: "China’s science and technology manufacturing industry will play an extremely important role in high-quality development. Under the current situation, we can only take the road of self-reliance and self-improvement through science and technology, and we must break through the key core technologies of’ stuck neck’, such as integrated circuits, precision materials, core devices, high-end equipment and other fields. "

In addition, the government work report once again emphasizes the need to highlight the main position of enterprise innovation and let enterprises play a greater role in scientific and technological innovation. In the past five years, the annual scale of various tax incentives to support innovation has exceeded one trillion yuan, which greatly encouraged the confidence of enterprises to invest in R&D and enhanced their innovation momentum. "Enterprises are duty-bound to continue to promote scientific and technological innovation. I feel a great responsibility. In the future, we should focus on the weak links in the industrial chain, dare to advance into the technology no man’s land, and dare to tackle major technical problems. " Li Dongsheng said.

Zhou Yunjie, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman of the board of directors of Haier Group:

Strengthening the national strategic scientific and technological strength with scientific and technological innovation

At this year’s National People’s Congress, Zhou Yunjie, Chairman and CEO of Haier Group, submitted "Suggestions on Giving Full Play to the Role of Leading Enterprises in Science and Technology and Improving the Coordination Mechanism of National Strategic Science and Technology Forces", focusing on the system and mechanism problems existing in the coordination organization of various scientific and technological forces, the stimulation of talents’ vitality and the improvement of talents’ ability, and making suggestions for strengthening China’s strategic science and technology forces and realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

"To establish a scientific and technological innovation system in the whole industry chain, enterprises, universities and research institutes should establish a targeted innovation system from the perspective of the whole industry chain, so that the innovation of 0→1 and 1→N can be seamlessly connected." Zhou Yunjie gave such suggestions for building an innovation consortium and enhancing the national strategic scientific and technological strength. He pointed out that a group of leading enterprises in science and technology should be selected, and the enterprises should take the lead in organizing universities and scientific research institutions to carry out the whole process pilot of "industrial demand-technical problems-scientific research-industrial application" with special support methods such as "revealing the list and taking the lead", forming a model that can be used for reference and replicated.

"After the product economy and platform economy, the future will be an ecological economy. Enterprises and universities must tear down the walls. Only when cross-border integration forms an innovative ecology can they develop better." Zhou Yunjie believes that the deep integration of schools and enterprises can cultivate more talents that meet the needs of the times and fully release the vitality of scientific and technological talents.

Liu Qingfeng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman of Iflytek:

Continue to promote the R&D and upgrading of cognitive intelligence big model technology in China.

At present, the breakthrough of cognitive intelligence technology represented by ChatGPT has aroused global hot discussion and concern. Liu Qingfeng proposed that we should speed up the construction of a large model of cognitive intelligence in China, and let the industry enjoy the AI dividend as soon as possible on the self-controlled platform, so that everyone can have an AI assistant.

At present, although many institutions and enterprises in China have released a series of large models, they have not really taken the systematic algorithm paths such as pre-training of large models, supervised training based on Prompt tasks and reinforcement learning based on human feedback, and the intelligence level of large models is still significantly lower than that of ChatGPT.

ChatGPT-like R&D is a systematic project with continuous evolution, with high task difficulty and large investment. It is suggested that China should take leading scientific and technological enterprises as the main body of innovation, unite national strategic scientific and technological forces such as national laboratories and national key laboratories, build a long-term and stable cooperative innovation system in Industry-University-Research under the overall planning and support of national special projects, and continue to promote the technological R&D and upgrading of China’s cognitive intelligence model. In addition, in order to support the domestic hardware and software technology base of artificial intelligence for large-scale model research and development and service, China cognitive intelligence model can only have a self-controlled future if it is developed on the domestic technology base.

The research and development and service of large-scale models can only be promoted safely and continuously for a long time on the domestic basic software and hardware platforms such as storage, computing power and operating system, effectively avoiding the "stuck neck" problem in some links in the future. Support large-scale model research and development institutions to establish long-term strategic cooperation with domestic artificial intelligence software and hardware institutions, and work together to ensure that the technical base is autonomous and controllable.

Guo Lei, deputy of the National People’s Congress and professor of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics:

Based on basic theory and full chain innovation, serving the country’s major needs

The national strategic scientific and technological strength has been accelerated, and important progress has been made in tackling key core technologies. But we also deeply feel that there are still uncertainties and unpredictable risks in the international situation. The vast number of scientific and technological workers can play an important role in the new journey of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which is both a great honor and a great responsibility. We will continue to carry forward the spirit of perseverance in serving the country, solve difficult problems and activate our strength, and make greater contributions to the country’s high-level science and technology.

Guo Lei believes that it is necessary to apply the wisdom of the vast number of scientific researchers to the places where the motherland needs them most. He suggested that from the aspects of scientific research system, talent incentive and evaluation mechanism, the whole chain innovation from basic theoretical research, algorithms, software, hardware and equipment to major engineering applications should be carried out in order to accelerate the close integration of basic theoretical research and major national needs and realize the dialectical unity of these two major goals.

Deng Zhonghan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and commander-in-chief of Starlight China Core Project:

The core technical standard is the commanding height of scientific and technological innovation

During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, Deng Zhonghan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and commander-in-chief of "Starlight China Core Project", proposed that in the post-Moore era, we should continue to innovate with high quality to build a self-reliant and self-reliant ecosystem.

He said that in the new era and new situation, the drive of high-quality innovation is closely integrated with the destiny of the country, and strong innovation will make the country prosperous. Scientific and technological innovation is an important force in national construction and development, which provides a strong support for the construction of an innovative country and a strong country in science and technology. In Deng Zhonghan’s view, scientific and technological workers should have the mind and responsibility to serve the country through science and technology, sit on the bench for ten years, have patience and confidence, devote themselves to continuous innovation and high-quality innovation of key technologies, and open up a new track for scientific and technological innovation in the post-Moore era.

Deng Zhonghan called on the government and scientific and technological enterprises to pay attention to the study of core technical standards, and hoped to get the support of the whole society, because scientific and technological innovation can not be separated from standard innovation, and core technical standards have become the commanding heights of scientific and technological innovation. Standards are an important support for scientific and technological innovation and economic and social development, an important carrier of technical rules and basic systems, and are related to national competitiveness, international discourse power and the strategic overall situation of the global industrial chain.

Guo Yufeng, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy general manager of Feiteng Company:

Continue to promote the breakthrough of core chip industry and build a secure base for digital economy.

As the cornerstone of industrial development in the era of digital economy, chips are directly related to the national strategic security and industrial development security, and are also an important support for realizing self-reliance and self-reliance in science and technology. Guo Yufeng believes that unswervingly and vigorously developing domestic CPU is an inevitable choice for national strategy and industrial development. Only by continuously promoting breakthroughs in the core chip industry can we build a secure base for the digital economy.

In order to promote and support the development of chip industry, the state has successively issued a series of industrial support policies, which have promoted the rapid development of domestic CPU through the application of major projects. Domestic software and hardware products have gradually realized the rapid development from "unavailable" to "available" and then to "basically easy to use", and the domestic ecology has shown the development trend from weak and closed to prosperous and open, and has also realized the application from pilot to small scale and then to large scale.

In view of the severe challenges faced by domestic chips at present, we should give full play to the advantages of the new national system, concentrate on tackling difficulties, make overall plans for key layouts, strengthen market practice to help products mature, and pool market resources to feed back scientific and technological innovation, so as to break through difficulties.

The first suggestion is to adhere to the development concept of "paying equal attention to autonomy and ecology" and accelerate the convergence of technical routes. The second is to give play to the role of enterprises as the main body of innovation and accelerate the establishment of a positive cycle of R&D and market. The third is to seize the key opportunities of industrial transformation and achieve breakthroughs in the information industry.

　　

　　Cctv news(Reporter Wang Xiaoying) On April 5th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference. Jiang Fan, first-class inspector of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, Jin Hai, director of the General Administration of Customs, Danfu Liu, director of the Certification and Supervision Department of the State Administration of Market Supervision, and Zhang Qi, deputy director of the Device Supervision Department of National Medical Products Administration, introduced the work of strengthening the quality management of medical materials and standardizing the market order, and answered media questions on the quality of export products and related certification.

　　Put an end to unqualified epidemic prevention materials entering the market

　　How to ensure the quality and safety of COVID-19 virus detection reagents, medical masks, medical protective clothing, ventilators, infrared thermometers and other epidemic prevention and control materials after the outbreak?

　　Zhang Qi said that National Medical Products Administration has comprehensively strengthened the quality supervision of medical devices for epidemic prevention and control, strengthened the supervision and inspection of key links such as raw material procurement, production process control and product release, and urged enterprises to organize production in strict accordance with regulatory requirements and standards. For the problems found, enterprises are ordered to rectify in place, resolutely prevent unqualified products from entering the market, and ensure the quality and safety of medical devices from the source.

　　At the same time, strengthen quality inspection, severely crack down on illegal activities of manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior medical devices, publish the relevant registration information of approved products on the website of National Medical Products Administration, and update it in time according to the examination and approval, so as to provide reference for the selection of purchasers and facilitate the export supervision of relevant departments.

　　Restrict the export of medical materials? non-existent

　　On March 31, the Ministry of Commerce, together with the General Administration of Customs and the Food and Drug Administration, issued the Announcement on Orderly Exporting Medical Materials, requiring that the exported five types of products, such as testing reagents, medical masks, medical protective clothing, ventilators and infrared thermometers, must obtain the registration certificate of medical devices in China, which meets the quality standards of importing countries (regions), and the customs shall examine and release them with the registration certificate of medical devices approved by the drug supervision department.

　　Regarding the above announcement, some people understand that China wants to restrict or even stop the export of key medical materials. In this regard, Jiang Fan said that China has not restricted and will not restrict the export of medical materials.

　　Jiang Fan further explained that the purpose of the announcement is to strictly control the product quality, standardize the export order, and better play the important role of medical materials in the global fight against the epidemic. In fact, it is the firm action of the China government to support the global fight against the epidemic and the initiative to play the role of a responsible big country.

　　Jiang Fan said that at present, there are more than 2,000 medical device manufacturers who have obtained product registration certificates approved by China’s drug regulatory authorities. For foreign buyers, the number of suppliers to choose from is relatively sufficient, and the quality of supply is more guaranteed, reminding foreign buyers to choose partners from the list of enterprises announced by the drug regulatory authorities to avoid normal export because products do not meet the qualification requirements.

　　Investigate and deal with quality problems of export epidemic prevention materials together.

　　Earlier, some media reported that some countries claimed that some medical materials such as masks purchased from China had quality problems.

　　Jiang Fan responded that the reasons for the above problems are various. For example, the quality standards of Chinese and foreign products are different, and there are differences in usage habits. Even improper operation by users can cause some quality questions.

　　Jiang Fan said that if there are quality problems in the export of medical materials, we will seriously investigate and find them together, investigate and deal with them together, punish them according to law, and never tolerate them, strictly control the export quality, standardize the business order, earnestly safeguard the image of "Made in China" and give full play to the important role of medical materials in supporting global epidemic prevention and control.

　　China has exported 10.2 billion yuan of epidemic prevention materials.

　　With the global COVID-19 epidemic, the demand for medical materials in various countries is also increasing. Since late March, China’s export of epidemic prevention and control materials has increased significantly.

　　Jiang Fan said that as of April 4th, 54 countries (regions) and 3 international organizations had signed commercial procurement contracts with enterprises in China, and 74 countries and 10 international organizations were conducting commercial procurement negotiations with enterprises in China. In the future, the Ministry of Commerce will speed up the export of medical materials needed by the international community.

　　According to customs statistics, from March 1st to April 4th, a total of 10.2 billion yuan worth of major epidemic prevention and control materials were exported. Jinhai introduced that these materials mainly include about 3.86 billion masks, worth 7.72 billion yuan; 37.52 million pieces of protective clothing, worth 910 million yuan; 2.41 million infrared thermometers, worth 330 million yuan; 16,000 ventilators, worth 310 million yuan; Novel coronavirus has 2.84 million boxes of test reagents and 8.41 million pairs of goggles.

　　Do masks need to be certified for export? The official gives a reliable certification guide

　　There is an increasing demand for epidemic prevention products in China in many parts of the world. However, because domestic enterprises need to pass the CE certification of the European Union and the registration procedures of the US FDA to export masks to the European Union and the United States, some enterprises blindly entrust intermediaries to apply for foreign certification.

　　Danfu Liu said that in order to facilitate the smooth entry of enterprise products into Europe, the United States and other markets, the General Administration of Market Supervision has compiled a certification information guide for the export of epidemic prevention products such as masks to the European Union and the United States, which can be viewed on the websites of the General Administration of Market Supervision, the National Certification and Accreditation Administration and WeChat official account.

　　The certification information guide includes EU CE mark, US FDA registration and other related requirements, and also lists the list of institutions that can do the above business in China at present.

　　He called on enterprises to find a legal certification body when certification, and to understand the market access requirements of export destination countries.

　　On September 22nd, the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Liaoning Province reported five mental problems that violated the eight central regulations, among which Zhang Xinyu, the former party secretary and director of the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Linghai City, Jinzhou, gave his son three wedding receptions within one month and received 660,000 yuan in gifts, which attracted attention from the double opening incident.

　　Red Star journalists found out that recently, in addition to Liaoning, many disciplinary committees in Gansu, Bazhong, Sichuan and Qingdao, Shandong Province have successively issued many typical cases of mental problems in violation of the eight central regulations.

　　In addition, a number of legal professionals told Red Star journalists that the corruption of weddings, funerals and weddings is a typical corruption problem. The Party Central Committee has repeatedly asked to regulate matters related to weddings, funerals and celebrations of cadres in party member, and various localities have successively issued supporting rules and related regulations in combination with the spirit of implementing the eight central regulations, which have been effectively curbed on the whole. However, the problem of violating discipline against the wind still occurs under high pressure. Therefore, we can continue to prevent such problems by improving the supervision system, clarifying relevant standards, and making it a criminal offence.

　　Liaoning first director

　　Give my son three wedding banquets a month and receive 660,000 gifts.

　　According to the report of the Supervision Committee of the Liaoning Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection, from 2019 to 2023, Zhang Xinyu, the former party secretary and director of the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Linghai City, Jinzhou, received gifts and gifts from management and service targets for many times, amounting to more than 340,000 yuan. From May to June, 2022, Zhang Xinyu hosted a wedding banquet for his son three times, and received more than 660,000 yuan in gifts from management and clients. Zhang Xinyu still has other serious violations of discipline and law. In June 2023, Zhang Xinyu was expelled from the party and public office, and the suspected crime was transferred to the procuratorate for review and prosecution according to law.

　　Also on September 22nd, Zhang Xinyu appeared in another bulletin.

　　On September 22, the Supervision Committee of Jinzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection reported three typical cases of damaging the business environment. Among them, Zhang Xinyu, the former party secretary and director of the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Linghai City, destroyed the business environment and other issues. According to the report, from December 2018 to January 2022, when Zhang Xinyu was the Party Secretary and Director of Linghai Urban and Rural Construction Service Center and the Deputy Secretary and Deputy Director of the Party Group of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau, he used his position to help others in project bidding, project implementation and project payment settlement, and illegally accepted money from others of 1.67 million yuan.

　　According to the official resume, Zhang Xinyu was born in January 1971 in Linghai, Liaoning Province, with a college education. He joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in May 1996 and joined the work in September 1994. In his early years, he worked in the public security system, and served as the director of Baqian Township Police Station of Linghai Public Security Bureau, the deputy section chief of Economic Investigation Department of Linghai Public Security Bureau, and the deputy director of Dalinghe Public Security Bureau of Linghai Public Security Bureau. Since 2009, Zhang Xinyu has served as deputy director of Linghai Letters and Calls Office, deputy director of Linghai Letters and Calls Bureau, deputy director of Linghai Urban Construction Bureau, party secretary and director of Linghai Urban and Rural Construction Service Center, deputy secretary and deputy director of Linghai Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau, and party secretary and director of Linghai Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau.

　　Keep an eye on corruption issues such as weddings, funerals and weddings.

　　There is a second child who secretly receives gifts.

　　In addition to the above-mentioned typical cases, Red Star journalists combed and found that recently, many disciplinary committees in Gansu, Bazhong, Sichuan and Qingdao, Shandong Province have successively issued a number of typical cases that violate the mental problems of the eight central regulations.

　　On September 21st, WeChat official account "Shanxi Release" affiliated to the Propaganda Department of Shanxi Provincial Party Committee released "Five Typical Cases of Mental Problems Violating the Eight Central Provisions", which mentioned: Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day in 2023 are approaching. In order to further implement the spirit of the Eight Central Provisions, we will persistently rectify the "four winds" and constantly release a strong signal of grasping it to the end for a moment. Recently, the Supervisory Committee of the Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection publicly reported five typical cases of mental problems violating the eight central regulations.

　　These cases include Yang Yankang, a member of the former party group and deputy mayor of Yuncheng Municipal People’s Government, who illegally accepted gifts and gifts, illegally used the houses managed by clients, and illegally accepted the arrangement of tourism activities. According to the report, from 2013 to 2023, Yang Yankang took advantage of holidays, weddings, funerals and weddings to receive gifts and gifts from many management clients for many times, equivalent to a total of more than 930,000 yuan. From 2018 to the time of the incident, Yang Yankang borrowed a house of Wen Moumou, the management service object, in Sanya for his relatives to use for a long time. From December 2017 to May 2019, Yang Yankang illegally arranged the management client Duan Moumou to pay the expenses incurred during his trip to Sanya and Xishuangbanna with his wife. In addition, Yang Yankang has other serious violations of discipline and law. In July 2023, Yang Yankang was expelled from the party and dismissed from public office, and his suspected crime was transferred to the procuratorate for review and prosecution according to law.

　　On September 19th, WeChat official account, the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Qingdao, also released five typical cases of hedonism and extravagance. According to the report, Zhang Peijie, director of the real estate development management office of pingdu city Construction Service Center, handled the wedding affairs illegally. In November 2021, when Zhang Peijie hosted a wedding banquet for his son, he illegally invited the management and service objects to attend and received the gift money. There are still many problems in Zhang Peijie, such as illegally accepting gifts, cash gifts and consumption cards from management and clients. In February, 2023, Zhang Peijie was severely warned by the party, and his administrative record was severely punished, and his disciplinary gains were confiscated.

　　Prior to this, Enyang District, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province also issued three typical problems of illegal banquets. According to the circular, in mid-June, 2023, Zhang Bichang, director of the Admissions Office of the No.2 Middle School in the District, promised the organization not to hold a "school banquet" in violation of regulations. On June 28 of the same year, he invited many faculty members of the school to participate in the "school banquet" held for his son in a restaurant in Enyang District, and received gifts from the management clients. In July 2023, Zhang Bichang was severely punished by the party. All the proceeds from violation of discipline have been collected.

　　In addition, the case also includes the problem that Liu Hong, the president of Mingyang Town Health Center, secretly accepted the gift money from the management clients in violation of regulations, although he did not hold a banquet. In October, 2022, Liu Hong announced the birth of a second child through the WeChat circle of friends after his wife gave birth to a second child, under the condition that she promised the organization not to handle other festive matters except weddings, funerals and weddings and not to accept gifts and gifts in violation of regulations. Although she did not handle the celebration of having children and daughters, she received gifts from many management clients. In July 2023, Liu Hong was punished. All illegal gains have been collected.

　　At the end of August, the Supervision Committee of Gansu Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection issued the Circular on the Special Rectification of the Invisible Variation of four winds, which mentioned that "Strictly investigate and punish the illegal handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations: strictly implement the Implementation Measures on Regulating the Handling of Weddings, Funerals and Celebrations by Cadres in party member", and urge the party groups (party committees) of departments and units at all levels in provinces, cities and counties to improve the reporting system of their own departments and units, strictly examine and supervise them, and prevent the occurrence of illegal handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations &hellip. … Seriously investigate and deal with problems such as taking the opportunity to collect money, comparing with each other, extravagance and waste, and using public buses to eat and drink. From January to July this year, the province investigated and dealt with 24 cases of illegal weddings, funerals and weddings, criticized and educated 25 people, and gave 14 people disciplinary sanctions. "

　　Experts say:

　　Marry and collect money by marriage and funeral

　　May constitute bribery

　　Zhao Guannan, an associate professor at the Law School of Hunan Normal University, said in an interview with Red Star that it is a special form of bribery to use the occasion of wedding, funeral and marriage or under the brand of "human relations". Article 10 of "Opinions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Commercial Bribery" specifically stipulates the distinction between bribery and gifts. The main factors are as follows: 1. The background of property exchanges, such as whether there is a relationship between relatives and friends and the situation and degree of historical exchanges between the two parties; 2, the value of the property; 3. The reason, timing and mode of the exchange of property, and whether the provider of property has asked the receiver for his position; 4. Does the recipient take advantage of his position to seek benefits for the provider? The above provisions provide factors and standards for distinguishing between human relations and bribery crimes. In essence, it is necessary to focus on judging the reciprocity of the relationship between the two parties, the two-way flow of property, the rationality of the amount of property and the entrustment of property gifts.

　　"As far as the facts of Zhang Xinyu’s case are concerned, it is obviously unreasonable to hold a wedding banquet for three times. It is obviously not reciprocal and bidirectional to accept the property of the management and service objects. In fact, it is the cover of holding a wedding banquet to accept bribes from the management and service objects, which should be considered as bribery crimes." Zhao Guannan said.

　　Shao Ke, deputy director of the research and defense department of duty crimes in Beijing Shangquan Law Firm, said that China has a long tradition of caring for the society and reciprocity. It is customary to hold banquets at weddings, funerals and weddings, but in practice, some leading cadres make a lot of money by having children, getting married, mourning and mourning, going to school to join the army, and moving to a new house, and even trading power and money.

　　Shao Ke said that Article 81 of the Regulations on Disciplinary Actions in the Communist Party of China (CPC), which was promulgated and implemented as early as 2003, clearly stipulates that if the convenience of his position is used to handle weddings, funerals and celebrations, which causes adverse effects in society, he will be given a warning or a serious warning; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be dismissed from his post within the party. In handling weddings, funerals and celebrations, whoever takes the opportunity to collect money or commits other acts that infringe upon the interests of the state, the collective and the people shall be given a heavier or heavier punishment in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph until he is expelled from the party. Article 91 of the revised Regulations on Disciplinary Actions in the Communist Party of China (CPC) also stipulates that those who take advantage of their authority or position to handle weddings, funerals and celebrations will be given a warning or a serious warning; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be dismissed from his post within the party; Those who take the opportunity to collect money or commit other acts that infringe upon the interests of the state, the collective and the people will be given a heavier or heavier punishment until they are expelled from the party.

　　According to Shao Ke, compared with the regulation in 2003, the change from "taking advantage of one’s position" to "taking advantage of one’s position or influence" focuses on emphasizing that it is also forbidden to take advantage of one’s position to handle weddings, funerals and celebrations, which shows that the central government is strengthening and perfecting the system constraints on party member cadres to make money by taking advantage of corruption in weddings, funerals and celebrations. According to this regulation, no matter whether it is lavish or not, no matter whether it is accepting gifts or not, as long as the wedding, funeral and celebration matters are influenced by party member’s use of authority or position, such as the use of manpower and material resources of the management service object, which causes adverse social impact, it is a violation of discipline. With regard to the opportunity of handling weddings, funerals and celebrations to collect money, the main form is to collect a large amount of gift money from the management and service objects or the masses in handling weddings, funerals and celebrations on a large scale or by treating guests many times. Zhang Xinyu, the former party secretary and director of the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Linghai City, Jinzhou, hosted a wedding banquet for his son three times and received a gift of more than 660,000 yuan from management and clients, which is a typical opportunity to collect money. What needs to be pointed out in particular is that if party member cadres take advantage of their authority or position to seek benefits for others, and take advantage of weddings and funerals to accept large sums of money from others, they may be suspected of committing the crime of accepting bribes as stipulated in the Criminal Law, and will be doubly punished by party discipline and state law. In recent years, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has repeatedly asked for the standardization of matters related to weddings, funerals and celebrations of cadres in party member, and all localities have combined the spirit of implementing the eight central regulations.They have also issued supporting rules and related regulations, and some have set clear standards for the scale of weddings, funerals, banquets and the amount of gifts.

　　Expert advice:

　　When the "money" exceeds a certain amount.

　　Make illegal weddings and funerals a criminal offence.

　　In order to put an end to this kind of corruption, Shao Ke suggested that all localities should make clear what matters of weddings, funerals and celebrations are not allowed and can be handled in light of local conditions, and issue specific regulations on the number of people, times, gifts (including single and total amount), places, meals and vehicle standards. In the process of discipline enforcement, the discipline inspection and supervision departments should clarify the boundaries between human relations, accepting gifts and accepting bribes, and "zero tolerance" for violations of discipline and law, and increase punishment. Those who handle weddings, funerals and celebrations beyond the prescribed number of people, tables, single amount or total amount of gifts are strictly deemed as "taking the opportunity to collect money", and those who constitute the crime of accepting bribes are severely punished according to law.

　　"Sunshine is the best preservative and supervision is the best purifying agent. It is necessary to improve the supervision system, comprehensively utilize various information carriers, give full play to the supervision power of the masses, and let the people dare to supervise, be willing to supervise and be good at supervision. If Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day are approaching, the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has launched ‘ Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day in 2023 ‘ Four winds ’ Problem supervision report exposure ’ Special area, open ‘ I want to report ’ Window, linked to the unified reporting platform of the State Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, special area ‘ Weekly bulletin ’ The column focuses on the exposure of typical problems by name and surname, and strengthens the warning shock. " Shao Ke said.

　　Yin Bo, a professor at the School of Criminal Justice of China University of Political Science and Law, also said in an interview with Red Star News that accepting "money" is an important part of the traditional wedding etiquette. However, in the context of public officials’ identity, weddings and funerals are likely to become corrupt acts that convey personal interests under the guise of customs. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels have been keeping a close eye on party member’s leading cadres’ illegal handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations, taking the opportunity to collect money, and achieved positive results in work style construction, and the political ecology continued to improve. At present, the "four winds" problem has been effectively curbed on the whole, but the problem of violating discipline against the wind still occurs under high pressure. The party and the state attach great importance to eradicating the soil and conditions for corruption, and "hunting" has been repeatedly mentioned as an important reason for new corruption. What should be considered is whether weddings, funerals and weddings, as one of the ways of "hunting", can exert all the governance effects only by punishing party disciplines and administrative regulations without using the power of criminal law.

　　Inbo said that in Germany, Japan and other countries, taking bribes for the convenience of authority or position is defined as a simple crime of accepting bribes, which is different from the crime of accepting bribes because of illegal agreements on the exercise of duties, and has achieved good governance results. It is unreasonable to give one’s hard-earned money to public officials for nothing. When the amount is too large, it can be inferred that there is a big interest relationship between party member leading cadres and them. When the public authority of party member leading cadres conflicts with their private interests, it will easily lead to corruption crimes and infringe on public interests. Therefore, it is suggested that when the amount of money received exceeds a certain amount, the illegal weddings and funerals of leading cadres in party member should be raised to criminal offences, which will fully deter corrupt elements and further consolidate the overwhelming victory of anti-corruption.

　　Red Star journalist Qi Biao Wu Yang reports from Beijing.

　　　　Today, Harley-Davidson China’s 2011 new product launch conference was held in Beijing Dpark Club, and its 2011 new motorcycle was officially unveiled in China, which also symbolizes that Harley-Davidson has stepped on the gas pedal in China and entered the new year at full speed with the roar.

　　　　Harley-Davidson China launched five brand-new models in 2011: Fat Boy? Special, Fat Bob? and Superlow™ (Sportsman Low Seat Super Edition), IRON 883™ (Tough sportsman), Night Rod? Special, and the highly acclaimed Street Bob? also returned to the China market. In addition to the existing numerous models from five major car series (Sportsman, Dyna, Soft Tail, Station wagon and VRSC), China fans have more choices.

　　　　In 2011, Harley-Davidson China had 14 models to choose from, and provided customers with more choices of modified parts. The new motorcycle brings better performance, more functions, higher value and the latest Harley-Davidson motorcycle technology.

　　　　"The new motorcycle in 2011 is the perfect interpretation of Harley-Davidson’s excellent products, and greatly expands the range of customers’ choices. No matter which model you like, whether you will ride short distances or travel long distances, there is always a Harley-Davidson motorcycle that can meet your needs. " Mr. Jiang Xixiang, President of Harley-Davidson China, said, "We are sparing no effort to expand the motorcycle selection in China, which also proves that we are making full progress on the road of fulfilling our long-term commitment to the China market. We will also continue to create Harley-Davidson’s owner culture in China, maintain existing fans and attract new members. At the same time, we are also looking for more capable potential dealers and continue to expand our dealer network to ensure that more and more China customers and motorcycle enthusiasts can get excellent driving experience and realize their dreams. "

　　　　Highlights of New Products in Harley-Davidson China Market in 2011;

　　　　Touring (station wagon department)

　　　　People always say that the world is small. Yes, and the Harley-Davidson station wagon is an excellent tool to make the world smaller.

　　　　Twin Cam&trade with surging power; The engine and the six-speed CruiseDrive gearbox with smooth switching have achieved a lower speed in the high-end gear, making long-distance travel on the expressway easier — — Only on Harley-Davidson motorcycles can you find an excellent combination of powerful torque and smooth switching. The luxury configuration specially designed for long-distance riding also includes large windshield or fairing, long-distance rider and passenger seats, side box with enough storage space, ABS braking system; Optional cruise control system and rear shock absorption with air pressure adjustment. Here is everything you need for a lifetime trip, and you will feel it every time you step on it. Whether crossing a continent or riding to another town, the outside world is waiting for you to explore.

　　　　Softail (soft tail car system)

　　　　From the handlebars to the hard-tailed tail design, the Softail? style is fascinating. The rigidly mounted V-Twin engine is tightly mounted in the frame. The traditional central console and clean and tidy double exhaust pipes on the fuel tank are derived from the famous hard-tailed model — — A real idol motorcycle. But there is no need to worry about riding comfort. Softail?’s design cleverly hides the rear suspension, which not only imitates the simple style of the classic Harley-Davidson motorcycle, but also provides excellent handling and unparalleled rider and passenger comfort.

　　　　The new features of the 2011 model also include a redesigned handle control with fewer wires and more functions. For example, a larger odometer can display more information, including gear and speed. As a true masterpiece loyal to Harley-Davidson’s original style, Softail allows us to enjoy advanced technology while revisiting tradition. In order to provide a comprehensive and perfect riding experience, we have also added standard ABS to the 2011 Softail series, so please enjoy it … …

　　　　FAT BOY? SPECIAL (customized version of fat boy)

　　　　Model characteristics:

　　　　Black sunken shape, satin chrome decoration.

　　　　Black twill frame and rocker arm

　　　　A low-seated, narrow chair.

　　　　Stainless steel mini beach type internal wiring handle

　　　　Half-moon black rider pedal

　　　　Eye-catching satin-treated fuel tank medal

　　　　Fuel tank panel with Harley medal

　　　　New manual control and odometer display with extended functions.

　　　　Standard configuration new ABS

　　　　Dyna (Dyna)

　　　　Personality attitude, publicity and display. Pure, retro bobber style plus a long tradition of customization.

　　　　Enter the legendary world of Big Twin engine. The large air-cooled V-Twin engine is very eye-catching in a series of original personalized street cars by Willie G. Davidson, a famous designer of Harley-Davidson Company. The iconic appearance and easy-to-control six-speed Cruise Drive™ Gearbox and fuel injection system, with improved handling, stability and lighter clutch, Dyna locomotive provides riders with the power performance they are striving for. The exposed rear shock absorber and the side-mounted battery cover can be easily identified at a glance, and Dyna? motorcycle is only made for one thing — — Ride.

　　　　In 2011, two new models, Street Bob Street Fighter and Fat Bob Fat Fighter, were added to the China market. Deduct the style of Dana car system to the extreme.

　　　　FAT BOB? (fat bully)

　　　　Model characteristics:

　　　　Black powder spray engine with polished cover plate

　　　　Short tail rear fender, chrome-plated bracket

　　　　Chrome plated low tank console

　　　　Center-mounted rider pedal

　　　　Standard passenger pedal

　　　　Stainless steel inner wiring racing style handlebar

　　　　Teardrop air filter assembly

　　　　One-piece two-in-one Dyna? classic seat

　　　　Black rearview mirror

　　　　Chrome-plated double headlights

　　　　Tank medal (tank medal)

　　　　Low rear shock absorption with chrome plated surface, with manual adjustable preload function.

　　　　Sports front fender with spray-painted bracket

　　　　STREET BOB? (street fighter)

　　　　Model characteristics:

　　　　Black powder spraying engine, polishing cover plate

　　　　Middle mounted rider’s pedal

　　　　Stainless steel, mini high-hanging handle with internal wiring.

　　　　Teardrop air filter assembly

　　　　Truncated Bobber style rear fender and low front fender.

　　　　Single seat seat

　　　　Retro style LED taillights

　　　　Michelin Scorcher™ tyre

　　　　Sportster (sports car department)

　　　　Sportster? motorcycles are pure Harley, which is the fact.

　　　　In 1957, the first motorcycle with the name Sportster was manufactured. Today’s motorcycles still retain the characteristics of their predecessors’ light appearance and easy driving, and combine modern practicality and powerful street car style. The low seat and peanut-shaped fuel tank are the iconic features of Sportster, while the rugged V-Twin engine is the core component shared by every Harley motorcycle. The 2011 Sportster series provides a cool and confident riding experience, which will continue to carry forward the tradition of this car.

　　　　SuperLow&trade has been added to the 2011 Sportster model. (low-seat super version) models continue to highlight their high-performance characteristics. Good road response and handling, agile figure and precise adjustment of power and torque — — This is exactly what your personality needs to ride.

　　　　IRON 883™ (Sportsman Tough Guy)

　　　　Model characteristics:

　　　　Black powder spraying Evolution™ 883cc engine with black cover plate.

　　　　Truncated rear fender and single seat

　　　　Black headlight and black headlight lampshade

　　　　Black low-profile racing style handlebar

　　　　SuperLow™ (Sportsman Low Seat Super Edition)

　　　　Model characteristics:

　　　　Silver powder spraying cylinder and cylinder cover

　　　　Polished rocker arm cover

　　　　Low bucket single seat seat

　　　　Grasp the handle easily

　　　　Light front fork and triple clamps

　　　　Casting black separated five-piece machined wheel rim

　　　　Control switch installed in the middle

　　　　VSRC car series

　　　　In the field of high-powered cruise locomotives, the rules are up to me! The VRSC series motorcycles are equipped with a powerful 1247cc Revolution? engine, speeding on the main road, carrying forward our fine tradition in the short track acceleration race. Sliding clutch, ABS braking system and wide 240 mm rear tires fully verify the pure bloodline of these low street beasts. They are from Harley-Davidson, but they are not the same as the models you are familiar with. With a powerful power of up to 125 horsepower, VRSC models attract riders who love the classic style of Harley-Davidson and prefer high-performance riding methods, providing a unique and wonderful experience for fans who pursue sports performance.

　　　　The new features of the 2011 model include optional anti-theft system, including anti-lock braking system (ABS), which is more cost-effective.

　　　　NIGHT ROD? SPECIAL (night Luther)

　　　　Model characteristics:

　　　　Black powder spraying engine, the surface of cover plate is treated with black.

　　　　Sports front fender and painting bracket

　　　　Low rear fender

　　　　240 mm wide rear tire

　　　　Headlamp panel with matching color

　　　　Sliding clutch

　　　　Forward-mounted rider pedal

　　　　Standard passenger pedal

　　　　Stainless steel low short track acceleration style handlebar

　　　　Two-piece two-in-one chemical fiber fabric seat

　　　　Brembo? brake with four-piston front and rear calipers with double front rotors

　　　　Wide 49mm custom front fork

　　　　Standard ABS

　　　　New Michelin Scorcher™ tyre

　　　　Owners and enthusiasts of Harley-Davidson motorcycles in China will have the opportunity to experience the new Harley-Davidson motorcycles in 2011 in the nearest authorized exhibition hall.

　　　　Harley-Davidson has begun to accept orders for new motorcycles in 2011.

　　　　For more detailed information about Harley-Davidson 2011 new products, please visit the official Chinese website of Harley-Davidson: www.harley-davidson.com.cn.

Topic: 2008 US Presidential Election

　　On August 23rd, Senator Obama of Illinois, who was firmly nominated for the US Democratic presidential nomination, announced that he had chosen Senator Biden of Delaware and Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee as his running mate. This is a photo of Biden (right) and Obama attending a TV debate in Johnston, Iowa, USA (photo taken on December 12, 2007). Xinhua News Agency/AFP

　　Senator joseph robinette of Delaware accepted the nomination of Democratic vice presidential candidate on 27th, and at the same time took over the traditional task of this identity, and launched a fierce offensive to attack the Republican Party.

　　Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama unexpectedly appeared at the venue of the Democratic National Convention on the same day and joined forces with Biden.

　　Sword finger mai Shi

　　Biden, 65, was introduced by his son, Delaware Attorney General bo Biden.

　　He said: "No one has ever said that I cherish words like gold, but I will try to be brief this time: Yes, yes, I accept your nomination and run for office with the next US President Barack Obama."

　　Biden has served in Congress for 35 years and is widely known for his long and slow speech.

　　In addition to trying his best to flatter Obama, he changed his calm and kind image and tried his best to attack Republican presidential candidate John McCain. He said that McCain is his friend in the Senate, but he did not agree with the other party "to lead the country forward."

　　Biden used a series of parallelism sentences to compare the different opinions of Obama and McCain on the Iraq war, politics, diplomacy, economy and people’s livelihood. The audience echoed it again and again.

　　He said: "Time and time again, when it comes to the most important national security issue today, McCain is wrong and Obama (facts) proves it right."

　　Regarding McCain’s service experience in Vietnam War, Biden said that the United States needs not only an excellent soldier, but a wise leader, a leader who can bring about change. "Obama can bring about the change we need."

　　Scold an opponent

　　After Biden finished his speech, Obama suddenly appeared at the meeting.

　　According to the original plan, Obama should appear at the party congress the next day.

　　Obama told supporters: "I want everyone to understand at this moment why I am proud of Biden … on this journey with me to regain the US (presidency)."

　　He asked: "I think he (Biden) has shown himself quite successfully. What do you think?"

　　In addition to listing the similar policies of McCain and President George W. Bush, Biden made a slip of the tongue in his speech and tied Bush and McCain together. At the beginning of a sentence, he said "John (McCain)" as "George (Bush)" and then changed his mind. However, this slip of the tongue coincides with Democrats’ campaign strategy of describing McCain’s election as Bush’s third presidential term.

　　Biden made a mockery of Dick Cheney, the current Republican vice president. He said that if he is elected vice president, for those Americans who respect the Constitution, the most terrible sentence in English will no longer be "this is the vice president’s office" when talking to the White House, suggesting that Cheney often takes over and gives orders by phone.

　　Party members

　　Obama then announced that the venue of the Democratic Party Congress will be moved to an open-air stadium in Denver on the 28th. That day coincided with the 45th anniversary of the famous speech "I have a dream" delivered by Martin Luther King, the leader of American civil rights movement.

　　Obama said that the stadium was chosen because it can accommodate more participants. "We should open the party congress to ensure that everyone who wants to attend the meeting can join in the efforts to recapture the United States."

　　It is estimated that 75,000 participants will listen to Obama’s speech on the spot.

　　The Associated Press reported on the 28th that the main content of Obama’s speech has been completed, but the later polishing may last until the moment before Obama stepped onto the podium.

　　Obama’s aide, David axelrod, said that the speech was based on the speeches of presidential candidates at previous party congresses, including the speeches of former Democratic President Bill Clinton in 1992 and the late Democratic President John F. Kennedy in 1960.

　　Axelrod said that Obama will not shy away from comparing the differences between himself and McCain, especially when it comes to their different opinions in the economic field. However, Obama will complete the comparison "without losing courtesy". (Bu Xiaoming)

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