[Global Network Culture Channel reporter Dai Yu] Intangible cultural heritage (referred to as "intangible heritage") is an important part of excellent traditional culture, which embodies the wisdom and creation of people of all ethnic groups and provides the broad masses with a continuous sense of identity, pride and gain. It is a valuable cultural wealth of people of all ethnic groups.

Since Kunqu Opera was selected as UNESCO’s "Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" in 2001, in just over 20 years, China has not only won the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List with 42 intangible heritages, but also created a model of intangible cultural heritage protection with China characteristics and embarked on a road of intangible cultural heritage protection with China characteristics, providing China experience and China’s plan for regional and international intangible cultural heritage protection. These vivid practices have highlighted the image of China as a country with intangible resources and reflected the responsibility of a big country.

Recently, during the 7th China Intangible Cultural Heritage Expo, Ma Shengde, former deputy director of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Department of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and a first-class inspector, was interviewed by a reporter from the Culture Channel of the World Wide Web to talk about the "past lives" of intangible cultural heritage protection and share his thoughts on the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.

"Intangible heritage is an important resource for sustainable development. The most precious thing is the embodiment of cultural creativity. "Ma Shengde said that our ancestors transformed their imagination of distant beauty into thinking and exploration, and finally formed a rich and colorful intangible cultural heritage, which brought us the knowability of China culture, which was a great incentive for people’s creation today.

He emphasized that intangible heritage should enter modern life, which is not only an important concept of intangible heritage protection, but also conforms to the basic laws and characteristics of intangible heritage’s own development. Today, rural revitalization has given intangible heritage protection a new starting point, which requires people to further realize that the core of intangible heritage protection is the inheritor; We should attach importance to and spread the outstanding Chinese traditional culture and spiritual value carried by intangible cultural heritage. In the active protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, we need to grasp the scale of "intervention", follow the concept of holistic protection, build a sustainable intangible cultural heritage protection ecosystem, and contribute China’s strength and China’s wisdom to promote the harmony, friendship and cultural sharing of human society.

People-oriented is live transmission’s legacy.

"China’s non-legacy protection for the past 20 years is not too long, but many of our ideas are ahead." Ma Shengde told the World Wide Web cultural reporter that compared with the developed countries that started intangible cultural heritage protection as early as the middle of last century, the systematic intangible cultural heritage protection work in China was gradually carried out under the framework of the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2003. The Convention on Intangible Heritage emphasizes the important concepts of "inheritance from generation to generation", "liveliness" and "re-creation", but there is no concept of "inheritor". In practice, China initiated the identification of representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage projects on the basis of drawing lessons from international intangible cultural heritage protection experience, which is the development of UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage Convention and an important exploration and vivid practice of intangible cultural heritage protection with China characteristics.

Why should we identify "representative inheritors"? First of all, we need to correctly understand what intangible cultural heritage is-nonmaterialExperts have verified this concept, and its original meaning in French and English is: untouchable. That is to say, things can be touched, and immaterial things cannot be touched; Japan and South Korea call immateriality "intangible cultural wealth", as opposed to material heritage. Material is tangible, the Great Wall and the Forbidden City are tangible, but immaterial is intangible. Such as: our twenty-four solar terms, the superb skills of the inheritors, and the "looking, smelling, asking and feeling" of the master of Chinese medicine. The existing way of this skill is the accumulation of various social practical experiences of individuals, groups and nations in the long historical process, and this accumulated experience is finally transformed into a knowledge system of human beings and exists as a cultural memory and way of thinking. Therefore, "experience, knowledge and skills" are the core elements of non-genetic inheritance, Ma Shengde emphasized.

Intangible heritage skills need to be passed down from generation to generation, which is the characteristic of intangible heritage and the unique charm of intangible heritage. The reason why the Intangible Heritage Convention emphasizes heritage is thatFrom generation to generation, first of all,This is because the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage is based on people. People can’t live for thousands of years, but things can last for thousands of years. For example, Notre Dame de Paris in France has experienced more than 800 years, and Yingxian Wooden Pagoda in Shanxi Province in China has lasted for 1000 years, which is the characteristic of material heritage. The inheritance of non-legacy depends on the inheritance of living people from generation to generation, and the intergenerational inheritance can not be interrupted and its vitality can be continued. This is the characteristic of non-legacy. So it is called "live transmission". UNESCO changed the original management department of intangible heritage from "intangible heritage office" to "living heritage office", which strengthened the living characteristics of intangible heritage.

Secondly,The concept of "passing on from generation to generation" conforms to the inheritance characteristics of intangible heritage, such as the inheritance of intangible heritage, family inheritance and other modes, and the inheritance pedigree between each generation is very clear. This way has become a common phenomenon in human social practice, a consensus law that has been influenced by others, and a very familiar local knowledge system. For example, many ethnic groups in China have a tradition of genealogy, and the inheritance of the family is clearly recorded in the genealogy, which is very rigorous and scientific. Genealogy is a sacred thing of a family, which should be handed down from generation to generation and protected.

Again,People are the main carrier of inheritance, and its skills are difficult to be recorded by means of written classics. In addition, many of our ethnic groups have languages but no words, and the inheritance of the heritage mainly depends on oral instruction, word of mouth, and words and deeds. There is a classification of intangible heritage in the Convention on Intangible Heritage called "oral tradition and expression", which pays attention to the existence and importance of oral traditional expression in the inheritance of human cultural heritage. The most typical case is the three epics of King Gelsall, Manas and Jianger in China, which have been in the form of oral tradition since live transmission. There are many heritages, such as traditional opera, traditional dance, traditional music and other performing arts. It takes a long time to pass on the skills between master and apprentice. There are also some things that can only be understood, such as artistic charm, style, vivid and superb artistic expression, which have a strong personalized color. The learning and grasping of these elements depends on the individual’s understanding, talent, artistic feeling and the teacher’s constant inspiration. The inheritance of such cultural heritage cannot be completed by means of written classics. Therefore, these characteristics determine that the way of inheritance of intangible cultural heritage pays more attention to the way of "handed down from generation to generation and live transmission" between people. The key core here is the role of "people".

Up to now, there are 3,062 national intangible heritage inheritors, of which more than 400 have passed away. Ma Shengde said that the greatest significance of identifying the representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage lies in: "We realize that the core of intangible cultural heritage protection is’ people’, especially the inheritors who have mastered superb skills. In the protection of intangible heritage in the past 20 years, we have realized the protection of intangible heritage. Without people, we can’t talk about the inheritance and protection of living conditions. This is an important feature of the practice of protecting China. "

The institutional advantage of concentrating on doing great things

Late start and "rich family background" are the characteristics and difficulties of intangible cultural heritage protection in China. Ma Shengde said that the institutional advantage of concentrating on major events is the key to the outstanding achievements of intangible cultural heritage protection in China. "In the past 20 years, cultural institutions at all levels in China have set up special departments for the protection of intangible cultural heritage", especially a four-level protection list with countries, provinces, cities and counties as units. "Declare from bottom to top, and finally select the project that is the most representative and influential of China’s outstanding traditional culture from the national intangible cultural heritage projects and declare it to the United Nations." Ma Shengde said that this is also the intangible protection mode practiced in China.

Ma Shengde pointed out that the Party and the government attached great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage, and invested a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, so that the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China can achieve today’s achievements. Since 2005, we have spent five years conducting a nationwide survey of intangible cultural heritage, systematically registering and cataloguing intangible cultural heritage resources, and basically finding out the intangible cultural heritage "property" scattered among the people, with nearly 870,000 intangible cultural heritage projects. On June 1st, 2011, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Intangible Cultural Heritage Law was officially promulgated and implemented, which marked that China’s intangible cultural heritage began to enter the track of legal protection and pushed the intangible cultural heritage protection into a new era of vigorous development. In the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, in the state-led intangible cultural heritage protection planning and deployment, we will further strengthen the systematic protection of intangible cultural heritage, improve the inheritance system of intangible cultural heritage protection, improve the inheritance level of intangible cultural heritage protection, increase the intensity of non-genetic broadcasting, and promote the cause of intangible cultural heritage protection to make greater progress.

Non-legacy protection and inheritance of Chinese cultural genes

In June this year, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and other ten departments issued the Notice on Promoting the High-quality Inheritance and Development of Traditional Crafts, further strengthening the rescue records of traditional crafts and encouraging the inheritance practice, and helping traditional crafts to play a greater role in the people’s better life. Ma Shengde recalled that in March 2016, the first traditional craft workstation in China was established in Hami, Xinjiang.

The local Uyghur embroidery in Hami is deeply influenced by the Central Plains culture. On the basis of accepting Suzhou embroidery and Beijing embroidery in the Central Plains and integrating with the local ethnic customs and aesthetic tastes, it has created "Hami Uyghur embroidery" with distinctive ethnic characteristics and rich regional customs, which is unique in Xinjiang’s national embroidery art. However, with the impact of modern lifestyle, Hami Uygur embroidery was once weak.

After the establishment of Hami traditional craft workstation, teachers and students from Tsinghua University Academy of Fine Arts collected and recorded the traditional patterns of Hami embroidery in a rescue way. A group of fashion designers have designed and developed new products such as earphones, wallets and furniture products based on the traditional patterns and raw materials of Hami embroidery, and even applied Hami embroidery to haute couture fashion, making it shine on the international runway. While accepting orders, Uyghur embroidered mothers re-inspired their enthusiasm and vitality for traditional embroidery art.

Ma Shengde said that this government-led working mode of establishing a platform conducive to the protection, inheritance and market development of intangible cultural heritage not only allows more embroidered mothers to actively participate, but also establishes an industrial product chain with the help of external forces, so that the skills can be protected and passed down in production, so that intangible cultural heritage can move towards today’s social life and attract more younger generations.

"The core pattern of Hami embroidery is peony. Peony flower is a traditional auspicious pattern from the Central Plains, and it is the cultural gene of this heritage. " Ma Shengde told the World Wide Web cultural reporter that Hami embroidery is the most powerful witness of the cultural exchange between Uygur and Central Plains in Hami, Xinjiang in the history of China. The cultural genes and symbols inherited in Hami embroidery not only have its visible cultural elements, but also tell the historical story of national friendship and cultural integration invisibly-this is the core spiritual value of our non-genetic inheritance.　

Beware of misunderstandings and establish a correct concept of intangible cultural heritage protection

In recent two years, Ma Shengde has been busy writing new books. He condensed the vivid cases and personal experiences of intangible cultural heritage protection that he has devoted himself to for many years, and traveled all over the country and many countries and regions in the world into this manuscript in the form of pictures and texts, in order to popularize and spread the correct concept of intangible cultural heritage protection to the public.

Ma Shengde emphasized that intangible cultural heritage belongs to a living culture, and the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage should be the inheritance of people-oriented skills and cultural spirit, not material inheritance. "The behavior of paying too much attention to the economic value and market benefit of the heritage has led to the deviation in the direction of intangible protection in some places." In the investigation, Ma Shengde found that in the declaration of the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects, all the projects with no market value and economic value were removed in some places, and all the folk literature projects were not declared in some areas. Even these heritage projects have high social awareness, but they are neglected because they cannot produce direct economic benefits. These practices seriously deviate from the correct direction of intangible cultural heritage protection. This is a phenomenon that Ma Shengde noticed when he visited various places in recent two years, which caused him to be uneasy as a researcher.

He said that there are ten categories of intangible cultural heritage in China, among which traditional skills, traditional fine arts and traditional medicine processing skills with commodity attributes can be applied to "productive protection". For example, tea-making, wine-making, brewing and catering projects, as well as spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery, etc. These projects have commodity attributes and market attributes, and can enter the market as commodities, so the concept of productive protection is in line with the characteristics of this kind of heritage. At the same time, some projects in other categories do not have the ability to directly generate income. If we only pay attention to the heritages with economic value and neglect other heritages that cannot generate economic value and market benefits, it will inevitably lead to the imbalance between the whole non-legacy projects, which will cause different feelings for the non-genetic inheritors, and also lead to the deviation in orientation at the overall level of society, and the non-legacy protection will enter a misunderstanding. In fact, this is a retrogressive phenomenon in the concept of intangible protection. Ma Shengde reminded that once it deviates from its own development law and original intention of protection, it will destroy the ecosystem of intangible cultural heritage protection.

"Intangible heritage itself is a carrier of spirit, and intangible heritage is the most precious spiritual value, which is the core of intangible heritage protection. Based on such an important cognition, we compare the intangible heritage to: the spiritual home of the Chinese nation, the DNA of Chinese culture, and the symbol of national cultural identity. " Ma Shengde, for example, said that folk literature has always been a difficult point in the work of intangible cultural heritage protection. It cannot directly produce economic value, but it has built a spiritual home for mankind. The most typical is the epic in folk literature, which is a very grand spiritual and cultural pillar of a nation. Epic praises national heroes, whose names and images have spiritual symbols. The worship of heroes has formed a group’s common values.

Therefore, in the protection of intangible heritage, it is necessary to develop in a balanced way, give consideration to all fields of heritage, establish a holistic heritage view, and develop in an all-round and coordinated way.

Cultural revival is integrated into modern life.

When it comes to intangible cultural heritage, many people associate it with the ancient way of life, but in Ma Shengde’s view, the most precious thing of intangible cultural heritage is creativity. "The wisdom of the ancients needs awe, and we also need sustainable development.". The protection of intangible cultural heritage is not to make it a "giant panda" in the zoo, nor to copy ancient artifacts, but to find spiritual connection with contemporary people in live transmission.

"We propose a cultural renaissance, not a cultural retro."Ma Shengde emphasized that it is our ultimate goal to make the intangible heritage of ancient traditions enter modern life and become an important way of life for people. Live transmission’s legacy in today’s world should conform to modern people’s aesthetics and lifestyle, blend into the new atmosphere of the times, and do not advocate keeping it intact. Like the evolution of Chinese characters in China, the fonts from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, inscriptions on bronze, seal script, official script, regular script … are not static, but the hieroglyphics of square characters remain unchanged. From the writing on bamboo slips to the display on mobile phones and computers today, although the external expression has changed, the cultural genes of Chinese characters have always been passed on.

Intangible heritage is ancient and traditional, and it doesn’t mean that the longer it exists, the more precious it is. Ma Shengde pointed out that this is also a common misunderstanding in people’s understanding of intangible heritage. Whether it’s the four great inventions or the twenty-four solar terms ….. these once creative labor wisdom embodies the strong vitality and creativity of Chinese culture, and they are all great contributions made by the Chinese nation to human development. Therefore, the object of intangible cultural heritage protection is not that the longer a project exists, the more valuable it will be, but whether it can meet the needs of sustainable development. Is there any innovation? Non-genetic inheritance is always the excellent traditional Chinese culture.

"Chang ‘e V", "Yutu", "Zhu Rong" and "Tiangong No.1" … In today’s China aerospace project, the most advanced scientific and technological products and the names of space stations all come from ancient myths in Chinese civilization. "These names are very accurate and strongly consistent with our ancient people’s exploration and yearning for the universe and the sky in myths and legends. They are all stories that exist in our folk literature classics and have been in live transmission. " Ma Shengde pointed out that we didn’t use such names as "Athena", "Apollo" and "Zeus", but looked for inspiration from ancient national myths, which is the continuation and rebirth of China’s excellent traditional culture today. "Clever integration of high-tech products with traditional culture is an excellent practice of national top-level design for intangible cultural heritage modernization. These impressive’ China names’ have attracted worldwide attention and become the best overseas spread of China culture. It is this charm that folk literature heritage has. "　

Non-legacy innovation and communication, grasp the "scale of intervention"

How can intangible cultural heritage be better integrated into modern life? Ma Shengde believes that this is a very important proposition in the protection of intangible cultural heritage. Because heritage is a great creation of our ancestors and a precious legacy left by our ancestors, we need to grasp the scale and measure when we protect and utilize intangible heritage and integrate it into modern life, that is, the scale of intervention. In the protection and utilization, we need to have a heart of awe first, and we need to treat the heritage carefully, and we can’t rudely exercise and "hurt the bones" to transform the heritage.

For example, the epic Gesar is a folk literary heritage that spreads in Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other regions, and celebrates the story of King Gelsall, a great hero. Qinghai Guoluo is the main spreading area of Gesar epic. In 2016, the Ministry of Culture established the "Gesar Culture (Guoluo) Ecological Protection Experimental Zone" in Qinghai Guoluo to protect this heroic epic regionally. During the protection and utilization of intangible traditional crafts in the ecological protection zone, the rich resources of Gesar epic were fully tapped. In the cooperation between the local and the Academy of Fine Arts of Shanghai University, the cultural elements of Gesar heroic epic were extracted and cooperated with Shanghai’s "Hero Brand" pens to create a set of "Hero Brand" pen gift combinations, which made people see the charm of the old brand and the intangible cross-border.

"The two" heroes "are well combined." Ma Shengde said that it is necessary to encourage this kind of adherence to the laws of cultural heritage, so that the intrinsic value of intangible cultural heritage can be properly combined with external manifestations-that is, the "scale of intervention" can be better grasped.

Ma Shengde pointed out that in recent years, our research and training programs for Chinese intangible cultural heritage inheritors, China traditional craft revitalization program and traditional craft workstations have all made positive and beneficial explorations in the field of intangible cultural heritage entering modern life. However, we must also be clear that the active protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage cannot be separated from certain dissemination and sharing. Especially in today’s information age, we should make good use of modern technology and means in content carrier and communication mode. For example, it is difficult to protect national languages and dialects, but at present, there are films with dialect interpretation, which are performed by influential stars in dialects, and dialect protection and mass communication are well realized.

In addition, animation adaptation is also an effective way to activate intangible cultural heritage. The domestic animated film "Lion Boy" tells the story of a group of teenagers who love and inherit Guangdong’s non-legacy "Lion Dance". Ma Shengde was also moved by the arduous journey from lion dance practice to winning the championship. He believes that it is a good way to popularize and spread the intangible cultural heritage for young people to make innovative expressions in the form of animation that young people like.

Now that science and technology have changed our lives, we must make full use of these means to play a role in integrating intangible cultural heritage into contemporary life. According to different levels of audience, we should explore various ways of inheritance and communication. Only with a certain communication surface can we create a better environment and conditions for inheritance. "We encourage more people of insight to actively and boldly explore the modern communication methods of intangible heritage, so that our younger generation can learn more about intangible heritage through modern technology and communication methods, so as to achieve the purpose of inheritance and protection." Ma Shengde Road.

Cultural sharing to build a new chapter of human sustainable development

At the opening ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the "Twenty-four Solar Terms Countdown" surprised the global audience, especially for Ma Shengde. He once served as the head of the delegation of China’s application for the 24 solar terms, and went through the whole application process.

"In an international large-scale sports event, it is not only a cultural heritage, but also a promotion and dissemination of excellent cultural heritage to share this intangible heritage with the world by using one of the excellent traditional cultures of the Chinese nation as an idea." Ma Shengde said that the twenty-four solar terms have the widest recognition, and they are timeless, interdisciplinary, ethnic, regional and ideological, and there is no hierarchy. From ancient times to the present, emperors and ordinary people must follow the laws of solar terms. Especially today, we look at the peak of wisdom and creation that the ancients once reached. "It gives people an incentive today and increases the cultural confidence and pride of our nation. Intangible heritage provides a vivid case of national culture live transmission, which needs to be learned, studied and learned in our future sustainable development. "

"The twenty-four solar terms also reflect the extensive sharing of intangible cultural heritage around the world." Ma Shengde believes that there are many ways and ideas that can be used for reference to solve the relationship between people and between nations, regions and countries.

Ma Shengde, for example, in Xinjiang, China, there is a non-legacy named "Maixi Refu", which means "gathering" and "place" in Uygur language. It is a comprehensive folk entertainment activity that integrates folk songs and dances, musical instruments, competitive performances and games. On holidays, after the harvest, at weddings, and at all times when people are happy, people who can sing and dance will gather in droves, hold the Maixirefu and dance the cheerful Maixirefu. Among them, there is also a kind of apology called "Maxi Refu", which is held for the negligent parties to ask for understanding, remove grievances and mediate relations.

"If there is a contradiction or dispute between people, the elders in the village will come forward to preside over the Maixi hot, prompting the two parties to re-establish friendship, worship tea and apologize to each other." Ma Shengde said that such an ancient and traditional way can make people turn swords into spears in music and dance, which is a way we can learn from today to deal with contradictions. "In the protection of intangible cultural heritage, we encourage this way to resolve contradictions in the bud and deal with disputes. Bring its enlightenment and significance to the sustainable development of our mankind. " If some disputes among the people have to be resolved in court, it will inevitably lead to mutual embarrassment, more disharmony in people’s relations, and even deeper grievances from now on! Then, it is the most harmonious relationship to deal with it in such a way as "apologizing to Maixi Refu". The cultural connotation of these heritages is worth exploring in our protection.

Ma Shengde pointed out that the earth is the home of human survival. Just as environmental protection and climate issues have become issues of common concern all over the world today, non-legacy is also of great significance to the sustainable development of mankind. "UNESCO promotes the protection of non-legacy from the international level, and it is also that various countries have realized the pivotal role and great potential played by non-legacy." Therefore, the United Nations encourages the sharing of heritage, so that cultural heritage can be shared worldwide. It is hoped that countries and regions will understand each other, respect each other and share the harmonious relationship and peaceful environment brought about by cultural heritage.

According to the declaration rules formulated by UNESCO, heritage projects with "homologous sharing" can be jointly declared by heritage sharing countries or separately. In the process of joint declaration, joint protection and joint sharing of intangible cultural heritage, friendship, cooperation, exchange and cultural sharing between nations and nations can be enhanced. For example, China and Mongolia jointly declared the Mongolian "long-tune folk songs" and Malaysia jointly declared the "ship delivery king". The legacy of "Falcon Domestication" has been jointly declared in 24 countries around the world.

The greatest charm of intangible cultural heritage bears witness to human creativity.

Intangible heritage bears witness to human creativity, is a melting pot of cultural diversity, and is also a symbol of a regional or national cultural identity. "Our culture can’t be built on the basis of rootless trees and passive water, but must be carried forward in excellent traditions. Many of our folk cultures were difficult to appreciate in the past, but they showed a strong vitality, which was like an underground river. This vitality is also an important resource for us to achieve sustainable development. " Ma Shengde said that the key core of UNESCO’s promotion of intangible cultural heritage protection is to provide experience for the challenges faced by the survival and development of human society through the human creativity and cultural diversity embodied by the intangible cultural heritage of all ethnic groups around the world, so as to realize the sustainable development of man and nature, man and society. This is also the greatest charm of the legacy. For example, our folk customs such as festival ceremonies play an irreplaceable role in building contemporary social harmony, family harmony, national unity and cultural identity. We also have many non-legacy projects of productive protection of traditional skills, which have great potential in improving the quality of life of contemporary people, enriching people’s diversified living needs and promoting employment. In the national policy of helping the poor and getting rich vigorously promoted by the China Municipal Government, the projects of non-legacy traditional skills have played an active role. There are also our Kunqu Opera, Peking Opera, Dong folk songs, flowers, Miao Xiu, guqin, epics, traditional dances, etc. These heritages not only bear witness to human creativity,But also an important resource for the development and re-creation of our contemporary culture.

Just like the legend of "butterfly lovers" in China, it was originally a tragic oral literature project, but later a series of artistic products were derived from such a legendary story. Many works of art appeal to both refined and popular tastes, and are well received by the general public, such as violin concerto, symphony, film, opera, ballet, various traditional opera arts and other hundreds of cultural expressions. The plot of "become a butterfly" in this heritage is the crowning touch of this legendary story, full of imagination, which sublimates this tragic story to a superb level. Such a cultural heritage is the crystallization of human wisdom and the creative product of culture, which fully embodies the imagination and creativity of human genius.

"The plot of’ become a butterfly’ in Liang Zhuzhong is wonderful!" Ma Shengde told movingly that "become a butterfly" embodies Chinese’s aesthetics and emotions, which is a valuable intangible cultural heritage and can be shared with the world as an intangible beauty of China. He stressed that,The ancient cultural heritage embodies the wisdom of many ancestors. "In the past, we didn’t pay enough attention to these heritages. Now we should study, extract and apply them better to provide better spiritual guidance for contemporary human life."(End)

Acute and critical illness is a major disease that affects people’s lives and health. It has the characteristics of suddenness, unpredictability, complexity and rapid change of illness, and it has extremely high requirements for its handling ability.

In the context of the new era of emergency medicine, in order to better apply precision medicine technology to the treatment of critical illness, open up the pain points, difficulties and blocking points in the treatment of critical illness, and effectively improve the level of emergency treatment and overall service level in our province, the Emergency Branch of Guangdong Precision Medicine Application Society is actively preparing for construction.

Building a highland for emergency and critical care to escort health

Recently, the Emergency and Critical Care Branch of Guangdong Precision Medicine Application Society held its first preparatory meeting under the call of Professor Xin Li, the lead sponsor of the branch, vice president of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), director of emergency department and deputy director of emergency and critical care medicine department. Sun Binggang, Executive Vice President and Secretary General of the Society, attended the meeting. More than 20 co-sponsors, including Professor Jiang Longyuan from Sun Yixian Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Professor Liang Zijing from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Professor Li Xu from Southern Hospital of Southern University and members of the preparatory group, attended the meeting online and offline.

The first preparatory meeting of critical illness branch

At the meeting, Sun Binggang, executive vice president and secretary general of the Society, introduced the overall situation and development of the Society. He expressed the hope that the branch will give full play to the advantages of the multi-field platform of the Guangdong Society of Precision Medicine Application and actively contribute to the treatment of acute and critical diseases in the country and the province. Members attending the meeting held a heated discussion around the agenda of the development direction and future work priorities of the critical illness branch, and agreed on the establishment of the general meeting.

Sun Binggang, Executive Vice President and Secretary General of the Society, introduced and planned the work of the Society.

Professor Xin Li said that the branch will closely unite with workers in the fields of medical and health care, life science, biomedicine, big data, artificial intelligence, health industry and other related fields who are committed to precision medical diagnosis and scientific research, and lead, promote and standardize the research and application of new precision medical technologies, new methods and new products in the early accurate and rapid diagnosis of acute and critical diseases, effectively improve the early diagnosis rate and rescue success rate of patients, and complete the specific tasks of the state on the prevention and treatment of acute and critical diseases in the development of health care.

Xin Li

Vice President of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital

Lead sponsor of critical illness branch

Professor/Chief Physician, Doctor and Doctoral Supervisor of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital. Expert in emergency medicine, adjunct professor at School of Medicine, South China University of Technology.

Mainly engaged in the treatment and research of critical cardiovascular diseases, with in-depth research on the pathogenesis of aortic dissection, the therapeutic effect of vascular stem cells and the treatment of brain injury after cardiac arrest. At present, he has presided over 5 projects of the National Natural Science Foundation and more than 10 key research projects of the Provincial Science and Technology Commission, and has published nearly 40 articles collected by the first author or correspondent SCI, including European Heart Journal, Stem cells, Critical care medicine, Resuscitation, Aging, etc. Published 8 academic monographs, including 6 chief editors. In 2006-2007, he studied in the State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences of the University of Hong Kong. For many years, he devoted himself to the research on stem cells, cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation, macrovascular diseases, etc., and made many discussions on the treatment of central nervous system injury by stem cells through proliferation and differentiation, immunomodulation and mitochondrial transfer, and made a series of scientific breakthroughs. In 2016, as the captain and chief expert of the Guangdong Medical Talents Group Aid Tibet Team, and the president and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Linzhi People’s Hospital, he led the Linzhi People’s Hospital in Tibet to pass the evaluation of the third-class first-class hospital with excellent results.

As the chief expert of Guangdong/Tibet aid to Tibet, he won the award of young and middle-aged experts who made outstanding contributions to national health and family planning in 2017, was awarded the title of leading medical talents/outstanding young medical talents in Guangdong Province in 2018, and was awarded the May 1st Labor Medal of Xizang Autonomous Region and the title of outstanding aid cadre in 2019.

Currently, he is vice president of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee, director of the emergency department and deputy director of the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. He is also a member of the Emergency Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association; Vice Chairman of Quality Control Group of Emergency Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association; Deputy Chairman of Emergency Branch of Guangdong Medical Association; Member of the Standing Committee of Emergency Branch of Guangdong Medical Association, Vice Chairman of Emergency and Disaster Medicine Branch of Guangdong Health Management Society.

Co-founder of critical illness branch

Jiang Longyuan Director/Chief Physician of the Emergency Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University

Liang Zijing Deputy Secretary of Party Committee, Department Director/Chief Physician of Emergency Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University　

Li Xu, Director/Chief Physician of Southern Hospital Department of Southern Medical University

Key work of critical illness branch

According to Professor Xin Li, the key work of the branch mainly focuses on the following points:

(1) Research and consultation　

1. Give full play to the role of the Society as a bridge and link, organize research on issues related to rapid medical diagnosis in the field of acute and critical diseases, put forward positive suggestions for rapid diagnosis of acute and critical diseases, and make a leading contribution to the treatment of acute and critical diseases in the country and the province.　

2. Integrate resources, and promote a number of cooperation in the application of new achievements, new technologies, new methods and new products in rapid medical diagnosis and treatment of critical diseases in Industry-University-Research.　

(2) Academic exchanges

1. Organize international, national and provincial academic exchange meetings in the field of rapid medical diagnosis of critical diseases; Guide the formulation of relevant guidelines for early accurate diagnosis of acute and critical diseases.

2. Organize international, domestic, provincial and member units to carry out investigation and exchange activities related to rapid medical diagnosis of critical diseases.

3. Take the lead in organizing the standardization, revision, training and promotion of groups related to rapid diagnosis and precision medicine of acute and critical diseases, and improve the treatment level of acute and critical diseases.

(3) Publicity and training　

1. Organize and carry out national and provincial continuing medical education projects related to precision medicine in critical areas.

2. Organize rapid medical diagnosis training related to critical illness (clinical, imaging, pathology, molecular diagnosis, genetic diagnosis, etc.).

3. Organize the popularization of rapid medical diagnosis of critical diseases.

(four) to participate in the work of Guangdong clinical genetic testing quality control center.　　

1. Promote and participate in the formulation of diagnosis and treatment standards and technical standards related to genetic testing; Promote the formulation of relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen the requirements of privacy protection, medical ethics, operational norms, data security and other aspects related to rapid diagnosis of acute and critical diseases.

2. Carry out medical training, assessment and evaluation related to rapid diagnosis and precise treatment of critical illness.

(5) Others

1 to carry out emergency rapid medical diagnosis expert group professional and technical service activities in the countryside.

2. Participate in the work of the Institute of Science and Technology Service Station.

3. Organize joint research on new technologies and member sharing activities.

Member field of critical illness branch

Managers who have obtained doctoral degrees in critical illness-related fields, or have intermediate titles or above, or above middle level can apply to join the critical illness branch, and the related fields include:

Precision medical research related to critical illness and workers in related fields such as medical and health, life omics, biomedicine, big data, artificial intelligence and health industry;

Relevant precision medicine industry associations, entrepreneurs and executives.

For details, please refer to the official website of Guangdong Precision Medicine Application Society or WeChat WeChat official account of Precision Medicine Society.

The mirror column is the first exclusive non-fiction work. If you need to reprint it, please contact the backstage of WeChat in Paike Workshop.

Text | Pang Yuhong

Edit | Wang Di

For Lin Li, a Shanghai woman who runs a Chinese restaurant in new york, her "cold winter" began as early as the day when Wuhan was closed, and there is no sign of "thawing" until the summer.

In May last year, Lin Li and her church friends set up a stall in the food city in Queens, new york, mainly engaged in special stir-frying. The wall was full of pictures of 50 special dishes, from the crab powder cage in Shanghai to the diced chicken in chili pepper, boiled fish and yellow croaker noodle soup with Guangdong characteristics. Five workers are employed in the store, who are responsible for cashing, preparing meals and packing, and each has its own division of labor.

The food city is located in Amherst, in the west of Queens, a community famous for immigrants from all over the world, especially from Asia. This food stall, which was converted from a supermarket, accommodated 26 merchants. The scarlet letter signboard and the red and white flags hung on the eaves of the wall were striking. From cold rice noodles to Xinjiang cuisine, from fried rice noodles to mala Tang, I suddenly had the illusion of returning to China. Lin Li’s shop is located in the corner of the food city.

When Lin Li returned to the store after her 10-day Spring Festival holiday in China, the noisy voices in the past had disappeared and were replaced by the sighs of the empty hall and other stall owners. Rumors and discrimination have begun to permeate the lives of ordinary people. Many people regard Chinese food and Chinese people as carriers or sources of infection, and avoid eating in Chinese restaurants.

The empty streets in new york The pictures in this article are all taken by Pang Yuhong.

"As far as I’m concerned, restaurants are more hygienic than other restaurants, because we have been reading domestic information all morning, and we all know the seriousness of this problem, so we may be much more cautious than those foreigners." Lin Li said. For safety reasons, Lin Li also asked employees to wear masks and gloves. As the number of guests in the dining hall decreased greatly, she was worried about the wages of the workers every day. "Later, we finally got the wages for the workers, but we had no money to earn, and we still owed a lot of rent, water, electricity and gas, and we couldn’t pay them at all."

New york citizens wearing masks one after another.

China, the oldest city in Manhattan, is usually crowded with pedestrians, tourists and vendors selling fruits and vegetables, but it suddenly became an empty city in February, and even the amount of garbage collected in the garbage bins within its jurisdiction has dropped every day. Grace Young, a food writer, has lived in China for more than 40 years, and she knows a lot about restaurants in China. On a weekend at the end of February, she found that the Xixi Roast Meat Restaurant, which she often went to, was closed because of poor business, so she began to actively appeal to everyone on social media and radio to support the business of these Chinese restaurants.

Both the small restaurants in China and the food city where Lin Li is located have a common feature, which is cheap and good. You can buy a bag of fruit from a street vendor for two or three dollars, a bowl of wonton for 6.5 dollars, and a bowl of rice with Sichuan style stew pork for 9 dollars in Lin Li’s shop, which is far lower than most supermarkets and restaurants in new york.

"Many Chinese restaurants are small businesses, and their net interest rate is very low. They all rely on the sales volume to make profits. How much profit can you leave after a bowl of wonton is stripped of labor, raw materials, water and electricity, rent, tax and insurance?" Grace looked at the Chinese restaurant that was empty at rush hour and said to me with great regret.

As the discrimination against Asians continues to ferment, some violent incidents have also started to appear in the news frequently. Grace began to worry about her own safety after seeing reports that Asians were inexplicably attacked on the street and abused on the subway for wearing masks for several days. "I know that many of my friends have such unpleasant experiences. Our society is too crazy now." Speaking of this topic, she suddenly became nervous, then paused and muttered in a low voice: "I even think it is scary to talk about this topic. Who knows what will happen."

Lin Li’s son, who is going to college in other places, also specially called her to ask about her safety. Unlike Grace, who has scruples, Lin Li is more outspoken. "I think Americans are too arrogant. Especially after Trump took office, he made this racial discrimination clear and made it public, and then some Americans’ hatred was aroused."

When the timeline advanced to March, the United States became the "epicenter" of the epidemic. Compared with the concern about discrimination, the survival of restaurants has become a more urgent issue. On March 16th, the Governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo, ordered all restaurants to close their in-house dining business, allowing only takeout and self-help meals. In the next week, Lin Li watched the Vietnamese rice noodles, Japanese food, cold rice noodles, saute spicy chicken, mala Tang and other stores in the food city close one by one. By the 23rd, only her restaurant in the huge food city was still open.

"Do you remember the end of Titanic? I watched our lights go out one by one, and I remembered the scene at the end of the movie, when four musicians played "Closer to My Lord" on the boat, and then people rushed to jump into the boat and escape. This felt very strange. " Lin Li said on the phone.

All the workers she used to hire took time off to go home for fear of the epidemic. As a result, all the tasks of maintaining the operation of the restaurant fell on Lin Li and her partners. In order to protect their own safety, she and her partner will lock the door from the inside every day after they arrive at the store, and put up notices on the gate asking the takeaway riders to wait outside.

Go out at 8 o’clock every morning, and when you arrive at the store, you just prepare the goods, prepare the take-away list, stir-fry and pack, and you can’t eat your first meal until 4: 30 in the afternoon. Lin Li vividly called this process "handing in homework".

In late March, thousands of supermarkets in new york City were temporarily closed due to logistics obstruction and manpower shortage, including three supermarkets near the food city. The wholesaler of vegetables and meat that used to deliver goods to the door disappeared, and the supermarket that often went shopping closed, which made Lin Li’s daily meal preparation process become a "treasure hunt" for driving to find supermarket supplies. "I used to shop around, but now as long as I can find a supermarket to open the door, I will go in and give the list to the boss, take the goods and leave, and I won’t compare prices at all." Lin Li said.

The difficulty in stocking has brought about changes in the dishes. There were 20 products on the take-away menu, but now it has been reduced by nearly half. One day, I received two orders for pickled bullfrogs, both of which made Lin Li feel embarrassed. When she went to the market to stock up the night before, she only bought a live bullfrog. Seeing that the time was too late, she could only contact the second customer who placed the order to cancel the order.

Not only are the raw materials difficult to find, but even the packing box has once become a problem. It turned out that the Aolong Catering Wholesale Market, where Lin Li often went, announced the suspension of business at the end of March, so she had to temporarily replace the lunch box. I didn’t expect to receive a complaint from a guest just two days after I changed the lunch box. A frequent visitor in the store asked why the amount of food suddenly decreased in the WeChat group. Lin Li sincerely apologized in the group in time and explained to the customer that it might be the visual difference caused by the change of the shape of the lunch box.

"Before, if you were missing something, you could borrow it from the restaurant next door, but now it’s gone, and if you are missing something, you will be told by the guests." Lin Li sighed. At this time, she received a WeChat prompt, showing that the number of WeChat steps on that day was 19,000, ranking first in the circle of friends.

While Chinese restaurants are struggling to find the source of goods, the sharp increase in the demand for take-away delivery has also prompted Lang Tao, who specializes in take-away business in new york and New Jersey, to change his strategy urgently. In 2014, he and his partners established a platform dedicated to the distribution of Chinese group meals-Yunban Newspaper, which regularly transports authentic Chinese food distributed in Flushing, Brooklyn and other places to the business districts and schools in Manhattan. Every day at noon and evening, it is often seen that white-collar workers and students queue up to take meals at their mobile distribution points.

In the face of the menacing Covid-19, the number of 100 merchants stationed in Yunban Newspaper has dropped sharply to 20, and Lin Li’s restaurant is one of the few merchants. Because most companies take home office and students take classes online at home, the original shopping route centered on the business district of Yunban newspaper can no longer meet the needs of users. Lang Tao discussed with the team urgently, and began to plan to deliver meals to some residential areas with dense Chinese, and adjusted the menu on the platform to cancel cold dishes and only heat dishes.

"Eating is just a need, so the average unit price of our orders has doubled during this period of time. But now, after all, the transportation capacity is limited. We may need to deliver hundreds of orders for dinner every day, which is already running at full capacity. " Wolf Tao said.

The delivery staff of Yunban newspaper goes to the merchant’s shop in Flushing every afternoon to pick up meals-they have a new dress code: protective clothing, gloves and masks, all of which are indispensable. Lin Li always secretly hopes that the delivery staff will come slowly. She usually deals with loose orders from Grubhub, Seamless, Uber Eats and other platforms at noon, and prepares dozens of group meals from Yunban newspaper in the afternoon. She and her partner are busy in the empty food city, fearing that they will not be able to prepare meals before the delivery staff arrives.

Heavily armed delivery staff

After entering April, the turning point of the epidemic in new york was delayed, but Zhang Wen, who was resting at home, couldn’t hold back and decided to return to work quietly.

Zhang Wen has been running Aolong Restaurant Wholesale Company in Flushing, new york for four or five years, with clients covering hundreds of Chinese restaurants in new york, Chicago, Maryland and New Jersey. After the outbreak began, the first thing he felt was that drivers were too difficult to hire, and sometimes he had to drive himself to farms and dealers to pull goods. After some supermarkets were closed, residents who wanted to stock up poured into the wholesale market to purchase. Zhang Wen looked at the sudden emergence of a large number of individual customers in the warehouse. First, he shortened the business hours and canceled the delivery service on March 23, and finally decided to temporarily close down at the end of March. At this time, 80% of the restaurants he had worked with had closed down.

"We were also very flustered at the time. After all, we were doing wholesale business. Suddenly, we saw so many families coming to shop, people came and went, and employees felt unsafe." Zhang Wen recalled, "In fact, the food reserves in the United States were abundant, but everyone rushed to buy them. As a result, the prices of ginger, garlic, spices and vegetables also rose."

A rare week of rest at home is not very enjoyable for Zhang Wen, who can’t help himself. "Every day, except playing with children, I just eat and sleep. After staying for a week, I feel that life is boring." During the rest at home, some old customers still call him to buy goods. In order to prevent a large number of passengers from entering the wholesale market again, Zhang Wen did not open to the outside world this time, but quietly opened the wholesale market to serve old customers.

The two-month stay-at-home order not only brought challenges to Chinese restaurant owners like Lin Li, but also gave birth to many fresh delivery platforms dedicated to serving Chinese people, distributing all kinds of meat, fruits and snacks sold by Chinese supermarkets to customers’ homes far away from Super League. This is an unexpected turn for Zhang Wen. "It turned out that the goods sold in Wechat business that we contacted were relatively simple, but now Wechat business, which comes to us to get the goods, has more diverse needs for fresh food, spices, fruits, rice noodles and snacks." Wechat business’s joining has brought new customers to Zhang Wen, and also made him pay attention to the development of online shopping sales model.

In the third week of April, Zhang Wen’s circle of friends, which had been silent for a long time, posted several photos of high-piled wholesale boxes. He wrote, "Chicken feet, South American golden wings, fat beef, ribs and pork have arrived … There are not many goods, so come and get them as soon as possible." A few days later, Mr. Zhang told me that some Chinese restaurants began to open their doors for take-out, and his wholesale market would resume normal business.

Almost at the same time, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States exceeded one million, and the number of infected people in new york still ranked first in the United States. Queens is the most densely populated area in COVID-19, new york, and Amherst Hospital, which was full of patients at the beginning of the epidemic, is only 5 minutes’ walk from the food city.

The handyman in the shop forwarded an article to Lin Li with the title "Look at crying, new york dies every 17 minutes, and the body is overloaded". In the face of such a situation, Lin Li is also scared. "When I buy goods every day, I see everyone lining up outside the supermarket. When I enter the supermarket, it is all the smell of disinfectant. Sometimes I feel flustered, I am afraid that I can’t get the goods and I can’t eat on time. "

"He just wanted to hint that I should go out of business quickly, but I know there are still many people who need to buy rice at this time. If you go out of business and watch the rising figures panic at home every day, it is better to be busy. " Now, she puts a gospel leaflet in every meal. She thinks that at this time, people may need some light and spiritual support. And herself, at the end of the day’s work, looking at the order quantity displayed on the mobile phone, can only sigh happily and anxiously, "I have to work hard to hand in my homework tomorrow."

(At the request of the interviewee, "Lin Li" in the text is a pseudonym. )

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, made by the Supreme Leader, made a new statement on the current major social contradictions in China, pointing out that "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the major social contradictions in China have been transformed into contradictions between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced development". Correctly understanding and grasping this new major political thesis is of great significance for profoundly understanding the new historical orientation of China’s development and implementing a series of major strategic arrangements of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core on building a socialist modernization power under the new era conditions and realizing the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream.

　　Scientifically analyzing and clearly grasping the main social contradictions in China is an important prerequisite for the Party to formulate the correct line, principles and policies.

　　Grasping the key points to drive comprehensive work is the requirement of materialist dialectics, and it is also the methodology that our party has always advocated and adhered to in various periods of revolution, construction and reform. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: "The study of various imbalances in contradictions, the study of major contradictions and non-major contradictions, major contradictions and non-major contradictions has become one of the important ways for revolutionary parties to correctly determine their political and military strategic and tactical policies, which all communist party people should pay attention to." To successfully promote the cause of the party and the state, we must accurately grasp the main contradictions in our society.

　　This is not only a simple philosophical truth, but also a profound conclusion drawn from summing up the party’s history. During the period of the new-democratic revolution, our party correctly analyzed the overall situation of social contradictions in semi-colonial and semi-feudal China, formulated the general line of the new-democratic revolution and a series of principles and policies, and won the victory of the new-democratic revolution. After the founding of New China, especially after the establishment of China’s basic socialist system, the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out: "The main contradiction in China is already the contradiction between the people’s demand for the establishment of an advanced industrial country and the reality of a backward agricultural country, and the contradiction between the people’s need for rapid economic and cultural development and the current situation that the economy and culture cannot meet the people’s needs." This formulation was in line with the reality of our country at that time. However, due to complicated social and historical reasons, this correct conclusion did not persist. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, our party scientifically analyzed the main contradictions in the primary stage of socialism in China, further refined the formulation of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and put forward that "the main contradiction in our society is the contradiction between the people’s growing material and cultural needs and backward social production". This has provided important guidance for us to deploy the overall work of the party and the state. In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, it is precisely because our party has formulated and adhered to the correct line, principles and policies according to this major contradiction that China’s socialist modernization has made great achievements.

　　History fully shows that the smooth development of the cause of the party and the state is closely related to whether we can accurately understand and grasp the main social contradictions with the changes of social and historical conditions and whether we can formulate correct political lines and strategic strategies on this basis. It is a successful experience for our Party to consciously apply Marxist contradiction theory to analyze and solve specific problems of China’s revolution, construction and reform by insisting on proceeding from the actual situation of our society, keenly grasping the main contradictions among many social contradictions and contradictions, and consciously deploying the overall work of the Party and the country around the main contradictions.

　　The new expression of social principal contradiction is determined by the objective reality of our country at the present stage.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a new statement about the changes of the main social contradictions in China, which was based on the new historical orientation of China’s development when Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, and had sufficient realistic basis. The report pointed out: "China has stably solved the problem of food and clothing for more than one billion people, achieved a well-off society on the whole, and will soon build a well-off society in an all-round way. The people’s needs for a better life are increasingly extensive, which not only puts higher demands on material and cultural life, but also increases demands on democracy, the rule of law, fairness, justice, security and the environment. At the same time, China’s social productivity level has improved significantly on the whole, and social production capacity has entered the forefront of the world in many aspects. The more prominent problem is that the development imbalance is insufficient, which has become the main constraint to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life. " This incisive exposition profoundly reflects the new changes in China’s social production and social needs. The original statement about "the contradiction between people’s growing material and cultural needs and backward social production" can no longer accurately reflect this changed objective reality, so it is necessary to make a new summary.

　　Let’s look at social production first. After nearly 40 years of rapid development of reform and opening-up, China’s social productive forces have improved significantly on the whole, and social productive capacity has entered the forefront of the world in many aspects. The long-standing shortage of economy and supply in China has undergone fundamental changes, and it is no longer realistic to talk about "backward social production". This is a remarkable change.

　　Look at the social needs. With the remarkable improvement of people’s living standards, their yearning for a better life is even stronger. The needs of the people are diversified, multi-level and multi-faceted, and the areas and focus of needs have exceeded the original levels and categories of material culture. Only talking about "growing material and cultural needs" can no longer truly reflect the changed needs of the people. This is also an obvious fact.

　　The above two aspects show that we need to think from the historical position of China’s social development, from the overall situation of the development of the party and the country, from the people-centered development thinking, and make new judgments and expressions on the main contradictions in our society. The key here is to accurately understand and grasp the changing characteristics of the primary stage of socialism in China, accurately understand and grasp the staged characteristics of China’s development, and identify the main factors that affect the satisfaction of people’s yearning, expectation and needs for a better life at this stage. Based on a comprehensive analysis of all aspects, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China holds that the problem of insufficient development imbalance has become the main constraint to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life. Unbalanced development mainly means that the development of various regions is not balanced enough, which restricts the improvement of the national development level. Insufficient development mainly refers to the problem of insufficient development in some places, some fields and some aspects, and the task of development is still very heavy. At present, China’s unbalanced development is not fully manifested in many aspects. For example, from the perspective of social productive forces, China still has a large number of traditional, backward and even primitive productive forces, and the level and layout of productive forces are very uneven. Judging from the overall layout of the "Five in One", it is not enough to promote the development of all aspects of the country and achieve balanced development and full development. From the perspective of regional development between urban and rural areas, the gap in development level is still large, especially the economic and social development of the old and young border poor areas is still relatively backward. From the perspective of income distribution, the income gap is still large, and there are still more than 40 million people in rural areas who have not been lifted out of poverty.There are still many people in difficulty in the city. These problems of insufficient unbalanced development restrict each other and bring many social contradictions and problems. They are the main sources of various social contradictions at this stage and have become the main aspects of social contradictions. We must make great efforts to understand and solve them.

　　The new expression of the main social contradictions in China in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is the result of adhering to the Party’s ideological line of seeking truth from facts and combining the basic principles of Marxism with China’s current concrete reality. It is also a scientific judgment of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, seeking truth and being pragmatic.

　　The change of the principal contradiction in our society is a historical change that has a bearing on the overall situation, which puts forward many new requirements for the work of the party and the state.

　　We must have a correct understanding of the changes in the main social contradictions in China, which are historic and have a bearing on the overall work of the Party and the State. We should adhere to the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, adhere to strategic thinking, innovative thinking, dialectical thinking, rule of law thinking and bottom line thinking, and think from the combination of history and reality, theory and practice, domestic and international, and draw a correct conclusion.

　　First, we must closely follow the theme of the principal contradiction in our society, and the focus should not be shifted. This new expression in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is about the principal contradiction of our society, not the principal contradiction of our economic development. Therefore, we must think from the historical position of China’s social development, grasp the main contradictions and their main aspects in China’s society in the new era, and our thinking should not be narrow.

　　Second, we must persist in thinking from the standpoint and method of materialism and understand and grasp this important judgment from the realistic social movement. The identification of the main social contradictions in our country should jump out of abstract ideas, state expressions and work requirements, so that the conclusions can stand up and stand the test of practice and history.

　　Third, we must persist in thinking from a global perspective, so that solving this major contradiction will play a leading and guiding role in the development of the cause of the party and the country. The new expression of the principal contradiction in our society in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is not a purely conceptual change, but must be implemented in all fields, aspects and work. It is necessary to closely contact the key tasks that the CPC Central Committee has focused on since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, what the Party is leading the people to do at present, the overall situation of social contradictions in China at this stage, the main tasks facing the development of the cause of the Party and the country at present, and the wishes and expectations of the broad masses of the people. It is necessary to coordinate and promote the overall layout of the "five in one" and the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, to implement the new development concept, to promote the development of various undertakings of the party and the country, and to keep pace with the people’s yearning for a better life.

　　Fourth, we must persist in thinking from the long-term development of the cause of the party and the state, and fully understand that this new expression is neither a narrow concept nor a short-term concept, but a time node that aims at achieving the goal of the second century in the middle of this century, and we must take care of the concept of a long historical period; Fully understanding this new expression not only has strong practical pertinence and work orientation, but also has strong historical adaptability and time tension.

　　We must correctly understand the great significance of the changes in the main contradictions in our society and the new requirements for the work of the party and the state. In accordance with the requirements of the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, "on the basis of continuing to promote development, efforts should be made to solve the problem of insufficient development imbalance, vigorously improve the quality and efficiency of development, better meet the growing needs of the people in economic, political, cultural, social and ecological aspects, and better promote the all-round development of people and the all-round progress of society".

　　The change of the principal contradiction in our society has not changed our judgment on the historical stage of our socialism.

　　Changes in major social contradictions will have a wide and profound impact on China’s overall development, and we must fully grasp them. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "It must be recognized that the changes in the main contradictions in our society have not changed our judgment on the historical stage of socialism in China, the basic national conditions that China is still in the primary stage of socialism for a long time have not changed, and China’s international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed. The whole party must firmly grasp the basic national conditions of the primary stage of socialism, firmly base itself on the greatest reality of the primary stage of socialism, firmly adhere to the party’s basic line, the lifeline of the party and the country, and the happiness line of the people, lead and unite the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, focus on economic construction, adhere to the four cardinal principles, persist in reform and opening up, be self-reliant, and work hard to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power. "

　　We should correctly understand and grasp the following points on the relationship between the changes of major social contradictions and the primary stage of socialism in China.

　　First, the primary stage of socialism in China is the underdeveloped stage of socialism, and the level of economic development plays an important role, so we must persist in taking economic construction as the center. At the same time, we should also realize that the level of economic development is not the only condition that determines the primary stage, but should be linked with the overall level of social development. The report of the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made a profound exposition on this issue. This shows that our party’s understanding of the primary stage of socialism has never been viewed solely from the level of economic development, but from the overall development of the whole socialist cause, involving productivity and relations of production, economic base and superstructure, material civilization and spiritual civilization, and economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction, ecological civilization construction and party building.

　　Second, the primary stage of socialism is a long historical process. Just as many aspects will change, in this long historical process, the main contradictions in our society will inevitably change with the development of society. But these changes do not mean that the basic national conditions in the primary stage of socialism have changed, but that they have changed in the historical stage of the primary stage of socialism.

　　Third, to know and understand the changes of the main contradictions in our society, we must accurately grasp the changing characteristics of the primary stage of socialism. We should adhere to the Party’s theory of the primary stage of socialism, while continuing to promote economic development, we should better solve various problems in our society, better realize the all-round development of various undertakings, better develop the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and better promote the all-round development of people and society.

　　In a word, it is very important to accurately understand the materialist dialectics of "change" and "unchanged" when studying the new expression of the main contradictions in our society in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　The profound exposition in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China about Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s entering a new era and the changes in the main social contradictions in China is an important content of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. This great theoretical innovation is a further understanding of communist party’s ruling law, the law of socialist construction and the law of human social development, and a great contribution to scientific socialism. Just as it is of great significance for the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China to make a judgment on the principal contradiction in our society, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China will certainly play a realistic and long-term guiding role in the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause in the new era and the ultimate realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

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　　Time to market: August 17th.
　　New car features: 1.5T engine/pre-sale price starting from 73,000 yuan.

　　The pre-sale price of the new car was announced earlier, with a range of 73,000-124,000 yuan. Jietu X70 adopts the design style officially called "Huizhou City Leader", and the air intake grille is decorated with horizontal chrome trim strips and frames, which are connected with the headlights on both sides and blended with each other, stretching the visual width of the front face. In addition, the two sides of the front bumper of the new car are equipped with a four-point matrix arrangement, which is quite scientific and technological.

　　Viewed from the side, the lines of the new car are capable and coordinated, and the 20-inch large-size wheels further create a sporty visual effect, which looks very classy. In addition, the use of chrome-plated strips for windows and chrome-plated roof racks further enhances the texture. In terms of dimensions, the length, width and height of Jetway X70 are 4720/1900/1695mm (including luggage rack 1710mm) and 2745mm respectively.

　　The shape of the rear of the new car is very simple. The slender taillights are internally integrated with LED light source, and the English word "JETOUR" is marked in the center of the tailgate. The tailgate with a large area of white space is surrounded by black at the bottom, and it is exhausted in two ways, which looks the same. Have a good texture.

　　In terms of interior, Jetway X70 adopts black as the theme color, while the center console, door handle, steering wheel and other places adopt matte silver trim, which is quite textured. The flat-bottom type is equipped with two disks, including a 12.3-inch LCD screen and mechanical instruments on both sides, which has a good sports atmosphere, and the 10.1-inch LCD screen in the center of the center console is also very eye-catching.

　　Inside the carriage, the Jetway X70 comes standard with five seats, and it is provided with the second row of air conditioning outlets, etc. The second row of seats supports the function of 4/6 ratio split down. In addition, consumers can also choose 6-seat or 2+3+2 7-seat layout.

　　It is reported that the Jetway X70 is equipped with 1.5T, with a maximum horsepower of 149 HP and a peak value of 210 Nm. The transmission system has changed compared with the previously exhibited models, and the production model is finally equipped with a 5-speed manual or 8-speed automatic manual transmission.

Edit comments：

　　Jietu X70 is the first model of Jietu Automobile, and the significance of the new car is very important for this brand-new automobile manufacturer. The positioning of the new model, coupled with the engine, 7-seat and other labels, is quite attractive to consumers at least at the vehicle level.

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　　Time to market: mid-to-late August
　　New car features: works of Chang ‘an Italian Design Center

　　The new car has a very special name-COS 1 (Cose), and it may be difficult for friends who are not good at math to read the car name. Cosay’s styling design is designed by the Italian Design Center, and its air intake grille adopts the popular starry sky, with the latest brand LOGO in the middle, and the front is angular and looks more powerful. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4830/1868/1775mm and the wheelbase is 2800mm respectively.

　　In the interior part, the new car adopts T-shaped design, and the center console part is covered with a lot of soft materials to enhance the sense of grade. The 10-inch large LCD screen is very eye-catching. All models have three seat layouts of 5/6/7 seats, and some models are equipped with/heating, induction trunk door and voice control.

　　In terms of safety configuration, all new cars come standard with body stability control system, electronics and engine start and stop, and some middle and high-end models also have,, blind spot monitoring,, panoramic image, ACC and AEB active emergency braking systems. In terms of power, the new car is equipped with a 1.5T engine with model H15TG, which is matched with Aisin 6AT gearbox. The drive mode is, and there will be manual transmission models for users to choose from in the future.

Edit comments：

　　The new car is positioned in a medium-sized car, and will launch four models of "shape, feeling, cleverness and intelligence". Earlier, the manufacturer also announced its estimated price range-100,000-150,000 yuan, and many China brand SUV models also gathered in this price range. There is no doubt that the new car has certain advantages in design and satisfactory configuration performance. If the official selling price is lower than expected, I believe there will be this good market performance.

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　　Time to market: late August
　　New car features: compact SUV/2.0T engine

　　Judging from our previously exposed domestic version of the declaration map, the shape of the new car is consistent with that of the overseas version. The classic diamond-cut body lines and star waterfall headlights all continue the family style, and the overall shape is still very cool. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4600/1881/1625(1634)mm and the wheelbase is 2779mm respectively.

"The picture is an overseas version"

　　In the interior design part, the new car is also in line with the brand’s consistent style in creating a sense of luxury, and the car will be wrapped in a lot of leather materials. At the same time, large-size central control LCD screen, electronic shift lever, streaming media rearview mirror and other details create more sense of technology.

　　In the power system, the new car will be equipped with a brand-new 2.0T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 234 HP and a peak torque of 350 Nm. In terms of transmission, the new car comes standard with a 9-speed automatic manual transmission, and both two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive models are available.

Edit comments：

　　XT4 first appeared at the new york Auto Show in March 2018, and was listed in China only five months later, which shows that Cadillac attaches great importance to the China market. Of course, in fact, China has become the largest single market for this brand in the world in 2017. With the arrival of XT4, Cadillac has further expanded its SUV product line in China, and its leading position in the second camp of luxury brands will be more stable.

　　[New car on the market] On June 26th, a new generation of Tang, which many consumers have been waiting for for for a long time, was officially launched. The new car was built on BYD BLP’s large luxury car-making platform, including Tang Fuel Edition and Tang DM (Plug-in Hybrid Edition). Among them, Tang Fuel Edition is equipped with 205 horsepower 2.0T,A total of five models were launched, and the price range was 129,900-169,900 yuan.; Tang DM is equipped with a 2.0T plug-in hybrid system.A total of five models were launched, and the subsidized price was 239,900-329,900 yuan.. As for the pure electric vehicle Tang EV that some consumers are concerned about, it will be officially listed in December this year.

The main points are to look ahead:

1. The fuel version is a two-wheel drive model, and the whole system of Tang DM adopts a dual-motor four-wheel drive system. The pure electric version is also a four-wheel drive model, which was launched in December.
2. All the models listed this time are 7-seat models, and the 5-seat version will be launched later;
3. Tang DM includes three 80km pure battery life versions, and the other two are 100km pure battery life versions;
4. The new car has been equipped with a 12.8-inch central control LCD screen since the entry version, and two 100km DM models have been upgraded to 14.6 inches;
5. You can enjoy the privilege of upgrading the racing-class high-performance equipment with a maximum value of more than 20,000 yuan, that is, you can upgrade the brake calipers and perforated ventilated brake discs except the lowest models (buy a car before September 1);
6. The owner replaces the new generation of Tang DM, and can enjoy the exclusive service of SVIP VIP for one year (buying a car before December 31st);
7. Buy a new generation of Tang DM to give exclusive charging, enjoy a 6-year or 150,000-kilometer long warranty, and guarantee the battery for life.
8. For the difference between DM Zhilian Chuangshi Edition and DM Zhilian Chuangling Model that many netizens care about, the former adds a Brembo brake system and a 6.6kW wall-mounted charging box, and the tires are upgraded from 20 inches to 22 inches.

● New car features:

New design, the fuel version is different from the plug-in hybrid version.

　　The design of BYD’s new generation of Tang is eye-catching. The original design completely gets rid of the appearance of the previous generation of Tang /S7 models. The front face of Dragon Face has high recognition, and the domineering net matches the sharp headlights on both sides, which makes people unforgettable. This design technique has been applied in the world, and the next new generation of Qin and other models will adopt this shape.

　　The front faces of the fuel version and DM version are also different. Mainly reflected in the details of the main grille, the shape of ventilation holes on both sides of the front enclosure and the design of the front lip, etc., the radar module installation position of ACC is also different.

　　The side design of the new generation of Tang is also more coordinated. The DM model also adopts the popular suspended roof, while the fuel version adopts the traditional design, which also reflects the more sporty and fashionable side of the DM version. This difference is also reflected in more details, such as DM models will also provide more personalized 22-inch wheels and Brembo brake calipers.

　　Coming to the tail, the penetrating taillight is also the "business card" of a new generation of products. Although this is not a novel design, the new generation of Tang highlights more three-dimensional sense through double-layer lines, and the meaning of BYD is marked below the taillight: Build Your Dreams. Of course, Tang DM also marked the performance logo of 4.5s on the tailgate, which is also the tradition of BYD’s new energy vehicles.

　　As for the size, the length, width and height of this car are 4870/1940(DM version 1950)/1720(DM version 1725)mm respectively, which is 2820mm, which is a standard one and has a certain improvement compared with the previous generation products. At the same time, compared with the mainstream medium-sized ones such as,, and GS8, we can see that everyone has their own advantages. According to BYD’s official announcement, the new generation of Tang is based on BLP large luxury car-making platform.

The interior relies on a large screen to attract attention.　

　　The interior of the new generation of Tang also adopts a brand-new design. The most striking thing is the 12.8-inch LCD screen equipped in the central control part. For the two highest models of Tang DM, the size of the screen will be upgraded to 14.6 inches. This screen also supports angular rotation, but the vertical screen status will have a certain impact on the line of sight. In addition to this screen, the car also uses a 12.3-inch full LCD dashboard, which can display all kinds of information needed for driving.

　　In the shift lever, the traditional physical buttons are concentrated, the number is small and the layout is clear. Judging from the Tang DM model in the picture, this car provides a variety of road conditions to choose from. In addition, this car is also equipped with mainstream technology AIDS such as lane departure and lane change assistance.

Seven-seat layout, with good practicality.

　　When the new generation currently provides seven-seat layout, in our experience, after the experiencer with a height of 175cm adjusts the seat to the lowest in the front row, the head space is about four fingers. In the second row, the head space of the same experiencer is still three fingers, and the leg space is more than two punches (the second row of seats is adjusted to the end). It is worth mentioning that the floor in the middle is also very flat. After entering the third row, if you want to get a relatively comfortable ride experience, you need to move the second row seat forward. On the whole, the 175cm experiencer is ok in the third row, and it will be a little cramped if it is higher.

2.0T+6AT/2.0T plug-in hybrid +6-speed dual clutch

　　In the power system, the fuel version is still equipped with a 2.0T engine, which has a maximum horsepower of 205 HP and a peak value of 320 Nm, and the transmission system is partially matched with 6 speeds; Tang DM is equipped with a 2.0T plug-in hybrid system, which matches the 6-speed wet type. In this hybrid system, the maximum power of the front-axle motor is 149 HP, and the peak torque is 250 Nm. The maximum power of the rear-axle motor is 245 HP, and the peak torque is 380 Nm. The comprehensive maximum power of the system exceeds 500 HP, and the acceleration time of the fastest version is 4.3 seconds. In addition, the new generation of Tang DM provides five power modes, including EV, engine drive, energy recovery, HEV parallel drive and HEV series drive.

　　In terms of battery configuration, Tang DM provides 80 and 100 configurations, of which Tang DM 80 has a total power of 20kWh and a pure battery life of 80 kilometers; The total energy of the power battery of the DM 100 model of Tang Dynasty is 24kWh, and the cruising range of pure electricity is 100 kilometers. In terms of charging time, both of them can be fully charged in 4-5 hours. The warranty policy is the same as that of the current Tang. The warranty period of non-operating vehicles is 6 years or 150,000 kilometers, the warranty period of core parts is 8 years or 150,000 kilometers, and the power battery core is guaranteed for life.

● Driving experience

Tang fuel edition

　　In the test drive of Tang fuel version, the test drive editor thinks that the adjustment of the throttle of this car is more conservative, and it is only "appropriate" in the case of S gear. The 6-speed automatic gearbox also brings this car a good ride comfort experience, and there is nothing wrong with the family car. As for the chassis, because it was adjusted by Mr. Hans, a former engineer, the overall feeling is quite german. After passing through the manhole cover or the speed bump, the vibration in the car is not great, and it feels very soft, comfortable and not annoying at all. This kind of feeling, more than 200 thousand cars are not necessarily available. In terms of steering system, although the road feeling is not too much, the steering is more accurate. The steering force can be set in the system, and there are two modes, comfort and movement, which are relatively heavy as a whole.

Tang DM

　　In the test drive of Tang DM, this car brought more fun to the editor. Liang Haiwen, the editor of the test drive, wrote, "Although this car has the highest torque of 950 Nm, you don’t have to worry about being difficult to control. In fact, in daily driving, its power output is very regular and well controlled. At the same time, BSG motor has significantly improved the smoothness of the new Tang DM in power switching."

　　When you step on the accelerator deeply, you can feel that the hidden strength of Tang DM is gradually released. The strong acceleration force can let people know clearly that this car has the acceleration ability of the same level. Moreover, because the dual motors work together with the engine, even when the speed reaches more than 100km/h, there is still a strong power to output continuously, which is different from the acceleration ability of ordinary electric or hybrid vehicles, which will be obviously attenuated with the higher speed. This car has always given people a feeling of stamina.

　　We test drive the brand-new version of Tang DM 80. According to the official data, we can drive 80 kilometers with pure electricity, which is enough to meet the needs of daily commuting. In EV mode, it is equivalent to driving an electric car, which is quiet, smooth and has a good dynamic response. The change of vehicle speed keeps good synchronization with the accelerator pedal, and the control feeling is actually more handy than that in hybrid mode.

● Model history

『』　

　　Speaking of Tang’s past, we should first mention BYD S6, the first SUV that BYD put on the market in September 2010. As many people know, this car has borrowed from the exterior design, and with the lowest price of less than 90 thousand, this car has won the favor of many consumers and has become the best-selling SUV model in China for a period of time.

『』　

　　With the continuous development of the domestic SUV market, more and more China brands put heavy models in the SUV market. In contrast, S6 products with strong "RX flavor" will be weaker. In 2014, on the basis of S6, BYD launched the BYD S7 by updating the design, increasing the configuration, increasing the body and changing the power of 2.0T, further enhancing its competitiveness in the SUV market.

"the first generation of Tang"　

　　In June 2015, BYD brought its hybrid model, Tang, for the first time. You can think that this car is a product developed on the basis of BYD S7. This car is the first China brand electric four-wheel drive model to be listed. It is also from this car that BYD’s "542" has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts, that is, the acceleration time of the vehicle from 0-100km/h is less than 5s, equipped with a four-wheel drive system, and the fuel consumption per 100 km is less than 2L, which can be said to be a leading concept at that time.

　　It was from S6 to S7 and then to the first generation of Tang that made the brand-new generation of Tang that we see today. This process can be said to be a process from imitation to improvement to innovation and creation, and it is also a microcosm of the rapid development of China brand in the past decade.

● Competing models

『VV7』　

『GS8』　

『』　

　　For the fuel version of Tang, the most direct competitors in the medium-sized SUV market should be from cars and GS8. For Tang DM, the Great Wall P8 will meet with it. Compared with competing models, the product freshness of the new generation of Tang is still very high. Both the appearance and interior design can attract the attention of consumers who are ready to buy a car, and its high intelligent technology configuration is also a killer. For Tang DM, BYD’s technical accumulation in the field of new energy is its main endorsement, and the relatively mature hybrid system will also attract a lot of attention.

● Full text summary

　　BYD’s counterattack has actually started from Song MAX, and a new generation of products will launch an impact on the market with its personalized design, in-place configuration and mature power system. The second generation Tang, as the flagship model of BYD dynasty series, bears a heavy responsibility, but it is really excellent in terms of product strength. Now that its price has come, what do you think of its cost performance? (Text/car home Chen Hao)

With the continuous development of science and technology, automatic gearbox has been widely used in automobile industry. Among these automatic gearboxes, CVT (continuously variable transmission) and automatic transmission are the two most common ones. In this paper, CVT gearbox and AT gearbox will be compared and analyzed from the point of view of service life of 100 thousand kilometers, and their differences will be discussed.

CVT and AT Introduction CVT gearbox is a continuously variable automatic gearbox, and its structure is mainly composed of and. CVT is characterized by stepless speed change, smooth acceleration or deceleration, and improved driving comfort. However, due to its structural reasons, the torque bearing capacity of CVT gearbox is relatively low and the fuel consumption is relatively large.

AT gearbox is an automatic gearbox with step speed change, which is composed of hydraulic torque converter, and. AT gearbox is characterized by simple operation, good durability and high torque, so it performs better in power transmission. However, the fuel consumption of AT gearbox is relatively high, and the shift process is also slightly frustrated.

Analysis of service life From the service life of 100,000 kilometers, there are some differences between CVT gearbox and AT gearbox.
First of all, from the reliability point of view, CVT gearbox has a relatively low failure rate under the same mileage because of its simple structure. However, because of its complex structure, AT gearbox involves the cooperation of multiple parts, so its failure rate is relatively high under the same mileage.

Secondly, from the performance point of view, CVT gearbox, because of its stepless speed change, makes the vehicle more smooth during acceleration and deceleration, and improves the driving comfort. Although the AT gearbox is easy to operate, there is a sense of frustration in the shift process, which affects the driving comfort.

Details and cases The specific details and cases can better illustrate the performance of CVT and AT gearboxes in actual use. For example, when driving in the city, CVT gearbox makes drivers more relaxed and reduces fuel consumption because of its smooth acceleration and deceleration performance. On the other hand, when driving on the highway, AT gearbox shows its advantages of durability and bearing high torque, which makes the vehicle more stable when driving at high speed.

However, in some specific cases, the performance of CVT and AT gearboxes may change. For example, in the case of large torque, CVT gearbox may slip, which affects its transmission efficiency. In this case, AT gearbox shows better stability and transmission efficiency.

Conclusion Based on the above analysis, we can draw the following conclusions: 1. In the service life of 100 thousand kilometers, CVT gearbox has advantages in reliability and low failure rate; 2. CVT gearbox performs better in driving comfort, and the acceleration and deceleration process is smoother; 3. AT gearbox performs better in bearing high torque, and is suitable for high-speed driving or bearing heavy load; 4. Under different road conditions and driving demands, CVT and AT gearboxes have their own advantages, and the choice should be made according to the actual situation.

Therefore, when choosing an automatic gearbox, consumers should choose the type that suits them according to their actual needs and usage scenarios.

Where is the "heirloom" guilty of identification?

If you want to sell a collection, you can’t find a way?

Cultural relics lovers want to get dry goods knowledge?

People who eat melons want to watch a live broadcast of Jianbao?

Yangguang. com’s "Yichuang China Public Welfare Jianbao China Tour" is coming! The first stop will be held in the Museum of Beijing Quanlian Folk Cultural Relics and Art Chamber of Commerce. Welcome Tibetan friends to come and watch and participate!

"Yichuang China Charity Treasure Collection Tour in China" invites authoritative experts of different categories in antique shops to sit in town, hold appraisal knowledge explanation and charity treasure collection activities, bring the expert group to your side, collect treasures for you face to face for free, and provide a lively and bright media display platform for folk treasures.

The first stop of charity Jianbao China Tour: Beijing.

Treasure hunting time:Saturday, April 8, 2023, 9:30-16:30.

Treasure location:Museum of the All-China Federation of Folk Cultural Relics and Arts Chamber of Commerce (navigation can be directly searched: A28, the bottom of the North Gate of Dongyuan, Shanshui Wenyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing)

Treasure category:Bronze, jade, porcelain, calligraphy and painting, miscellaneous.

If it is identified as genuine and meets the requirements of filming, you can negotiate and sign a free filming service contract on the spot.

Appraisal expert group:

Travel tips

Beijing local Tibetan friends route:

Subway: Get off at Exit A of Shilihe Station on Metro Line 10, walk 290 meters, take bus No.680 at Shilihe Bridge North Station and get off at Hongyan Bridge West Station.

Bus: get off at Hongyan Bridge West Station (No.29, No.98, No.440, No.680).

Route of Tibetan friends in other places:

(The following is the recommended route, and Tibetan friends can choose according to the actual situation.)

Get off at Beijing South Railway Station

Get off at Beijing West Railway Station

Get off at Beijing station

Arrival route of Beijing Capital Airport

Arrival route of Daxing International Airport

Public welfare treasure answering questions:

Q: When will this treasure inspection be held?

A: April 8, 2023 (Saturday) 9:30-16:30.

Q: Where is the identification?

A: The treasure of Beijing Railway Station was held in the "All-China Folk Cultural Relics and Art Chamber of Commerce Museum" in Chaoyang District, Beijing. You can search directly in the navigation software, or refer to this address "A28, the bottom merchant of the north gate of the East Garden of Shanshui Wenyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing".

Q: Do I need to make an appointment for this treasure?

A: You don’t need to make an appointment for this event. You can bring your collection to the site on the day of the event and identify it in order.

Q: What is the charging standard for this treasure?

A: There is no charge. If your collection is genuine and you are interested in auction, we can provide you with free auction service, and the specific operating rules can be agreed after negotiation according to the collection and the wishes of both parties on the same day.

Q: What should I do if I want to sell my collection?

A: If your collection is genuine and you are interested in auctioning, we can provide you with free auction service. The specific operation details can be agreed after negotiation according to the collection and the wishes of both parties on the same day.

Q: Can you issue relevant certificates for the collection?

A: Jianbao site will not provide you with relevant certification certificates.

Yichuang China is the first-class channel of the central key news website Yangguang. com. With National Cultural Heritage Administration, Beijing State-owned Cultural Assets Management Center and All-China Folk Cultural Relics and Art Chamber of Commerce, the channel integrates the superior resources of the social cultural relics collection industry, focuses on the vertical field of cultural collection, integrates the appraisal and appreciation of cultural relics and related cultural and creative products, knowledge courses, trading and art market observation, and solves the two major pain points of "fidelity" and "trading policy" in the current cultural relics and art auction industry based on professional and strict appraisal services, so as to create an authoritative cultural relics and art appraisal in China.

Solemnly declare:

All activities related to public treasure collection, knowledge lectures, free filming, etc. carried out by the official website of Yichuang China Public Treasure Collection in China are subject to the notice and contents issued by the official account of Yichuang China Public Treasure Collection in China.

Pay attention to Yichuang China WeChat WeChat official account, and keep abreast of information related to public treasure.

1905 movie network news August 18th was Xuanxuan’s birthday, and his friend Ouyang Zhenhua posted a post in the early morning to celebrate her birthday "Happy birthday Jessica", accompanied by a group photo of the couple at the end of July to watch the stage play "Resignation Day" starring Xuanxuan. In the photo, Xuanxuan stood in position C, "Hugging left and right" Ouyang Zhenhua and his wife, the three smiled very happily.

Xuanxuan and Ouyang Zhenhua are old partners for many years. They have collaborated in many classic Hong Kong dramas such as "No. 1 Imperial Court", "Delicious King", "Wrongful Records", "Casino Situation" and "Shi Gongqi Case".

Although many of the older generation of Hong Kong action actors are no longer active, their status in the circle is still very high. There are still many classic works in the glorious period.

But looking at the sons of these bosses, it seems that they are not doing well, such as Jaycee. Of course, he is also willing to die. In contrast, Hong Tianming is really sad.

Looking closely at his filming experience, this guy has actually been debuting for many years. At the age of 23, he started to be exposed to film and television dramas. In addition to supporting roles, he also has the opportunity to play the lead role.

Even if his development is not a big hit, according to this trend, at least he can occupy a place in the circle. However, he is still a little transparent in the entertainment industry, his career development is stagnant, and the world is spinning.

He has worked with many big names, such as New Police Story, Jackie Chan, and starring in Kill the Wolf. In fact, it can be seen from his works that this acting is not bad.

Maybe being famous really depends on a little luck..

In fact, Hong Jinbao also talked about his son in an interview before. He said that although he has a big face, he has never thought of fighting for his son in this way. Filming must be down-to-earth, and it may not be appropriate to force the protagonist. I also came out from the bottom step by step at the beginning, hoping that my son can also achieve a career through his own efforts.

Seeing this, everyone should know that although Hong Jinbao has a lot of face, he will not open the back door for his son. I hope he can persevere and let everyone see his success one day.

Responsible editor: