Our reporter Liu Qunsheng is an expert Bian Yousheng.

　　Dialogue background

　　In recent years, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, with Scientific Outlook on Development as the overall situation of economic and social development, have adopted a series of major policies to support agriculture and benefit farmers in accordance with the requirements of coordinating urban and rural development. All localities and departments have conscientiously implemented the central arrangements and earnestly strengthened the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers. The development of agriculture and rural areas has undergone positive changes and ushered in new development opportunities. However, it must be noted that the current agricultural and rural development is still in a difficult climbing stage, and the contradiction between the fragile agricultural infrastructure, the lagging development of rural social undertakings and the widening income gap between urban and rural residents is still outstanding. Solving the "three rural issues" is still a major and arduous historical task in the process of industrialization and urbanization. Only by building a new socialist countryside can we achieve the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Building a new socialist countryside is a major and urgent strategic task facing the whole party and society at present.

　　What should we do to make the rural economy develop and the farmers’ lives rich while protecting the environment? Bian Yousheng, a researcher at Beijing Academy of Environmental Sciences, put forward the idea of building ecological agriculture and started the research on the construction of ecological agriculture in the 1980s, which was highly valued by the state and formally established as a scientific research topic. Over the past 20 years, the construction of ecological agriculture has won the hearts of the people and achieved fruitful results. Recently, our reporter interviewed Professor Bian Yousheng and had a conversation on the topic of ecological agriculture.

　　Ecological agriculture is imperative.

　　Reporter: What is the basic connotation of eco-agriculture?

　　Bian Yousheng: What is ecological agriculture? It is to plan, organize and carry out agricultural production according to ecological principles. It must meet the following basic ecological requirements: first, the determination of production structure and the arrangement of product layout must be adapted to local conditions and matched with local environmental conditions; Second, the utilization of natural resources cannot exceed the renewable capacity of resources; Third, in the use of energy and materials, we should take what we have and make up for it, and maintain the ecological balance; Fourth, while using renewable natural resources, we should pay attention to cultivating and multiplying natural resources, so that the development of the whole production will move towards a virtuous circle.

　　Eco-agriculture is a comprehensive and coordinated whole agriculture. The starting point and the end result of ecological agriculture are all focused on the overall function of the system. There are three most important standards to measure the overall function: first, economic benefits, that is, production should be developed and farmers should be rich; Second, social benefits, to meet the people’s growing social needs for agricultural products; The third is ecological benefit, that is, maintaining a good ecological environment. Eco-agriculture should consider the rational utilization of all resources in the system, make a comprehensive plan for human resources, land resources, biological resources and other natural resources, make overall consideration, adjust measures to local conditions, make a reasonable layout, and constantly optimize its structure to make it coordinate and develop synergistically, so as to improve the overall function of the system.

　　Ecological agriculture is the concrete embodiment of generalized agriculture. The difference between it and narrow-sense agriculture (or small-scale agriculture) lies in: in terms of production content, it is not limited to planting, but diversified management and all-round development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishing. From the production area, it is not limited to cultivated land, on the one hand, based on cultivated land, and strive to improve unit yield; On the other hand, treat all the land as their own production sites. From the concept of food, it mainly depends on food, but it is not limited to food. It is based on nutrition science, and scientifically arranges and plans agricultural production according to the quantity and proportion of heat energy, protein, multivitamins and various minerals required by human nutrition.

　　In a sense, ecological agriculture is a combination of traditional organic agriculture and modern inorganic agriculture, and it is a benign circular agriculture with expanding energy flow and material circulation. Organic agriculture and inorganic agriculture have their own advantages and disadvantages. The former is beneficial to increasing soil fertility, while the latter is due to the addition of energy and material, which increases the circulation of material flow and energy flow. The best combination of the two, each promoting its strengths, each avoiding its weaknesses, taking its advantages and abandoning its disadvantages, is ecological agriculture. In this way, the energy and substances that accompany the goods flowing out of the system are constantly compensated and increased by supplementing from outside the system, maintaining nutrient balance, maintaining a good agricultural ecological environment, and continuously improving soil productivity.

　　Ecological agriculture is an efficient artificial ecosystem, and it is an efficient agriculture with coordinated structure and function. Different from the natural ecosystem, it adds human labor and intervention, so it is not only a simple natural reproduction process, but also an economic reproduction process. The two are intertwined, and through human labor and intervention, its structure and function are constantly adjusted and optimized, so that it can get greater output with less input and achieve better economic, social and ecological benefits.

　　Reporter: What are the characteristics of ecological agriculture?

　　Bian Yousheng: As an artificial ecosystem, eco-agricultural system has its own characteristics. On the other hand, the eco-agricultural system is an integral part of the biosphere, which has all the commonness of the biosphere, and these are the most basic conditions for the existence and continuous development of the eco-agricultural system. But on the other hand, as an artificial ecosystem, the eco-agricultural system is much smaller than the spatial scope of the biosphere, forming a more unique part, so it has its own characteristics. These characteristics are adaptability to local conditions, comprehensiveness, stability, sociality and selectivity.

　　First, adjust measures to local conditions. Compared with other sectors of the national economy, agriculture has one of the biggest differences, that is, agriculture is a category in which the natural reproduction process and the economic reproduction process are intertwined. Crops planted in agriculture, livestock raised in animal husbandry, trees planted in forestry and fish raised in aquaculture are all living things, all of which have their own growth laws and are all limited by natural conditions. Therefore, the production department of agriculture should pay special attention to respecting the laws of nature and social economy. The eco-agricultural system is based on the rational and full use of local natural conditions and natural resources.

　　But what is local conditions, the community has different understanding. Some people think that "land" is "soil", and adapting to local conditions means adapting to local conditions; Others believe that "land" refers to nature, and adapting to local conditions means adapting to natural conditions. In fact, these two understandings are not comprehensive enough, because they do not include socio-economic conditions with regional differences. The socio-economic conditions have a profound impact on the eco-agricultural system. Therefore, the correct understanding of adapting to local conditions should be based on natural conditions and socio-economic conditions, both of which are indispensable.

　　Second, comprehensiveness. What we call comprehensiveness has four meanings. First of all, the eco-agricultural system is a multi-factor and multi-level complex, and its structure and function are very complicated. Secondly, production measures and technical measures must also be integrated. Third, the development of production and the improvement of ecological conditions must also be considered comprehensively. The development of production must not be based on the excessive use of natural resources and the destruction of the ecological environment; On the other hand, we can’t unilaterally emphasize the protection of the ecological environment and affect the development of production. Fourth, the development of agricultural production must not be considered from only one sector of agriculture, but must be related to processing industry, transportation conditions, market needs and competitiveness. We should not be divorced from reality, but should comprehensively consider the relationship between needs and possibilities, current and long-term, and local and whole. Considering the suitability of natural conditions, the feasibility of technical conditions and the rationality of economic conditions.

　　Third, stability. The stability of eco-agricultural system not only means that the productivity of the system is not easily changed by external factors, but also includes two meanings: the dynamic stability of nutrient and energy balance and the stable growth of economic benefits of system output.

　　How can we ensure the stability of the system? Generally speaking, the stability of eco-agricultural system mainly depends on the complexity of system structure and the number and length of food chain in the system. The more complex the production structure and the more food chains, the more stable the system will be. If the production structure of an agricultural production system is very simple, such as only planting (or only raising), the system cannot be very stable, and the output of the system will be affected in the event of natural disasters, pests and diseases (or infectious diseases). However, if the structure of the system is complex and there are many food chains, then local changes will not have a great impact on the whole system. Therefore, when we consider, design and plan the production structure of an eco-agricultural system, we should consider its complexity.

　　Fourth, sociality. Eco-agricultural system can not be separated from social and economic conditions, it is a social-economic-natural composite ecosystem formed under human activities. This special artificial ecosystem changes frequently, and there are a lot of inputs and outputs of energy and materials. If it is not managed properly, the system will collapse. In other words, people can build an eco-agricultural system, but they can also destroy it. For example, human production activities, such as irrigation, drainage and fertilization, can affect the soil; Pesticides control pests and weeds, and herbicides can affect biological populations other than crops; Harvest, transportation, product processing and so on will affect the redistribution of products, and so on. These are all human factors that affect the eco-agricultural system.

　　Fifth, selectivity. There are many internal contradictions in the eco-agricultural system, so it is necessary to distinguish priorities, make clear priorities, and choose appropriate measures and countermeasures to solve them. If the choice is improper, it will have the opposite effect. For example, the energy flow and material flow in the system circulate and circulate in a certain order, and must not be reversed. As we often say, there is more water, more grass, more grass, more insects, more insects and more fish, which is in line with the actual situation and correct; Another formulation, that is, more pigs, more fat, more fat and more grain, is wrong, and the order of circulation is reversed, because grain is the primary production here, and if there is not enough primary production, it is impossible to have more pigs. The correct formulation should be more grain, more pigs, more pigs, more fat, more fat and more food. Therefore, in agricultural production, we should first understand the objective law and flow order of material and energy flow before we can decide what to catch first and then what to catch. Only by grasping the primary production first can we open up a way for the secondary production. Therefore, when studying and solving the internal contradictions of the eco-agricultural system, we must understand the structure, function and evolution law of the system, so as to choose the most appropriate countermeasures and measures, so as not to get twice the result with half the effort and get good results.

　　Reporter: With the increase of population and the continuous expansion of agricultural production, what problems are China’s rural ecology facing?

　　Bian Yousheng: The government of China attaches great importance to the protection and construction of agro-ecology. As early as the early 1970s, it started the planned and organized protection and construction of agro-ecological environment all over the country and made great achievements. Especially since the reform and opening up, the state has successively implemented a series of forestry ecological construction projects, such as the "Three North" shelterbelt, the shelterbelt in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the coastal shelterbelt, and built key water and soil erosion control projects in seven major basins, such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, vigorously promoted the comprehensive management and comprehensive development of small watersheds, intensified desertification control, and strengthened the construction of grasslands and ecological agriculture, thus bringing China’s ecological environment, especially agricultural ecological environment, into a new historical stage. Various efforts made in the construction of ecological environment have an extremely important impact on China’s agricultural development and further on the sustainable development of the entire national economy and society.

　　On the other hand, from the requirements of development, the speed of agricultural ecological protection and construction in China is still very slow, especially with the development of economic construction, the further growth of population, the task of agricultural production is increasing day by day, and the agricultural ecological problems are becoming more acute. At present, there are still six major problems in China’s agricultural ecology.

　　First, serious soil erosion. One third of the country’s farmland suffers from different degrees of soil erosion, and the annual national topsoil loss is about 5 billion tons, resulting in the loss of more than 40 million tons of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. According to the comparative analysis of soil erosion area and control area in China in recent years, the control area only accounts for 34%-38% of the lost area. According to the current trend, if fundamental control measures are not taken, the soil erosion area will increase greatly, which has become a key problem endangering the development of agricultural production.

　　Second, desertification continues to expand. At present, the desertification land in China is expanding at a rate of more than 1000 square kilometers every year. More than 50 million people are affected by desertification, and nearly 4 million hectares of farmland and 5 million hectares of grassland are threatened.

　　Third, the cultivated land area is decreasing and the soil quality is deteriorating. At present, China’s cultivated land area is only 98 million hectares, and the per capita cultivated land is less than 0.087 hectares, which is only 1/3 of the world average. Over the years, China’s construction land has been offset by newly reclaimed farmland, and the cultivated land is still reduced by 400,000 hectares every year. With the continuous decrease of cultivated land, the quality of soil is deteriorating, mainly manifested in soil salinization and fertility decline. At the same time, due to the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the physical and chemical properties and ecological conditions of soil are declining day by day.

　　The fourth is the crisis of forest resources, which seriously threatens agricultural production. According to the results of the national forest resources survey in 1988-1992, the national forest area was l.31 million hectares, and the forest stock was 10.9 billion cubic meters, ranking fifth in the world. However, the per capita forest area is only 1/6 of the world’s per capita, ranking 121st in the world. China’s forest coverage rate is 13.96%, only 54.2% of the world average. Low forest coverage, vegetation destruction, ecological deterioration and frequent natural disasters have seriously threatened China’s agricultural production.

　　Fifth, grassland degradation is increasing. For a long time, grassland ecology has been deteriorating due to overgrazing, blind reclamation and neglect of management. At present, the area of degraded grassland in China is 87 million hectares, accounting for 32.6% of the area of temperate grassland in China, and the grass yield is only one-third of that in the 1950s, which greatly affects animal husbandry production and national economic construction.

　　Sixth, farmland pollution is getting worse and worse, and the ecological environment of farmland has been greatly damaged. With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production and the rise of township industries, the discharge of industrial "three wastes" and urban domestic sewage and waste is increasing day by day, and farmland is forced to be used as a place to consume pollutants and is seriously polluted; Coupled with the sharp increase in the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural production itself, it also has a great impact on farmland ecosystems.

　　Ecological agriculture has broad prospects.

　　Reporter: In the early 1980s, the concept of ecological agriculture was put forward, and it was piloted in private villages in the suburbs of Beijing. More than 20 years have passed. What changes have taken place in Liumin Village?

　　Bian Yousheng: This is the first eco-village construction in China. With the support of the leadership of the State Environmental Protection Administration, according to the situation of slow economic development, increasing environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the shortage of land resources in suburban villages in Beijing, Liumin Village has carried out a series of environmental engineering construction: the industrial structure has been adjusted and completed, and the long-term single planting of rice has been changed to the all-round development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and by-fishing; Comprehensive utilization of agricultural wastes was carried out, and two recycling modes, the whole village type and the family size type, were established. Construction of new energy projects with biogas and solar energy as the main body; New waterworks and a series of municipal construction projects; Greening and beautifying landscape construction project.

　　After five years’ efforts, the total output of Liuminying Village increased from 620,000 yuan in 1982 to 16.4 million yuan in 1987, and the per capita net income reached 1,200 yuan, which was 27 times and 2.7 times higher than that in 1982, respectively, and the amount of chemical fertilizer was reduced by 45%. The whole village realized centralized biogas gas supply, reducing coal consumption by 3500 tons a year, and initially realized the coordinated development of economy and environment. In 1986, it was awarded the first batch of "Top 500 Global Environmental Protection" by the United Nations Environment Programme. His achievements won the first prize of the Ministry (1986) and the National Science and Technology Progress Award (1988) successively, and in 1997, he won the United Nations Science and Technology Star Award for invention and innovation, and his experience was popularized in 20 Yu Sheng cities nationwide.

　　After 1990, the private enterprises in Liuren further developed eco-economic construction, vigorously developed eco-industries, built pollution-free tourism products factories, built 800 mu of organic food production bases and 1,200 mu of water-saving farmland, developed agricultural sightseeing and picking tourism, developed service industries, and started driving schools and taxi companies. At the same time, they vigorously strengthened the construction of ecological environment, completed the biogas expansion project (a new 200m3 high-temperature biogas digester) and the renovation and expansion project of solar energy utilization, and completed greening. In 2006, the village’s GDP reached 263 million yuan, with a per capita output value of 310,000 yuan and a per capita net income of 10,000 yuan. Compared with 1982, the consumption of chemical fertilizer in the village decreased by 86.5%, and the forest coverage rate reached 40%. The successful construction and sustainable development of Liumin Village will play a good demonstration role in the construction of new countryside in Beijing and its surrounding areas.

　　Reporter: in addition to these ecological demonstration villages in the suburbs of Beijing, it is said that a series of ecological agriculture constructions have been carried out in some old revolutionary areas?

　　Bian Yousheng: Yes. For example, Xinxian County in Henan Province, located in the poor mountainous area of Dabie Mountain, was once a revolutionary base, the capital of Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet areas, and a well-known general county in China, but it has long been economically backward. Less arable land, barren land, complex natural conditions, frequent disasters, and difficult development and construction. Therefore, the construction and development of new counties can only develop ecological economy through environmental engineering construction according to local conditions, and improve and enhance their development capabilities. At the same time, we should strengthen the protection of resources, especially the protection of land and environmental resources. According to the actual situation of Xinxian County, combined with the relevant experience in the construction of national ecological demonstration zone, combined with the climate and resource characteristics of Xinxian County, the specific technical route was determined, that is, the economy of Xinxian County should be based on forestry and the comprehensive development model should focus on deep processing of forest products.

　　First, according to the characteristics and differences of the county’s ecological carrying capacity and resource distribution, the county is divided into six functional areas with different economic development directions; Second, according to the plan, the county has completed 86 projects in four years, covering economic development, environmental protection, urban and rural construction, farmland water conservancy construction, cultural industry construction and so on; Third, 13 typical models have been studied and summarized, and 19 ecological demonstration bases, 4 demonstration towns and 18 demonstration villages have been established.

　　After more than four years of hard work, the county’s economy has grown rapidly. Based on 1999 before the construction, from 2000 to 2003, the county’s total GDP reached 6.55 billion yuan (with a net increase of 3.15 billion yuan), with an average annual increase of 12.55%. The labor export income in four years totaled 600 million yuan (with a net increase of 340 million yuan), accounting for 9.2% of the county’s four-year GDP (with a net increase of labor income accounting for 10.7% of the net increase of the four-year GDP) The overall environment of Xinxian County has been further improved, with the environmental quality index increased by 6.3%, the disaster rate decreased by 11% and the land desertification rate decreased by 12%.

　　In recent years, Xinxian County has successively won six national honors, including National Ecological Demonstration Zone, National Sanitary County, and China Habitat Model Award. Its research achievements won the first prize of Xinyang City in Henan Province and the second prize of Beijing Science and Technology Progress in 2005, and its experience has been popularized and applied in more than 40 counties and districts in Henan, Beijing, Shandong and other provinces and cities.

　　Ecological agriculture benefits the country and the people.

　　Reporter: Can the successful pilot experience be popularized in the whole country, and what needs to be done?

　　Bian Yousheng: If China’s agriculture develops production in an extensive or predatory growth mode, its tremendous destructive power cannot be compensated by any powerful environmental protection work, let alone the sustainable development of agriculture. Practice since liberation has fully explained this point: on the one hand, it has made great achievements, fed 1.3 billion people and improved their lives, ensuring the needs of national economic construction; On the other hand, the cost is very huge, and the environment and resources have been greatly damaged. For example, soil erosion in mountainous areas is becoming more and more serious, desertification in the north, grassland desertification in the west and rocky desertification in limestone areas are increasing, and water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. In this regard, scientists have issued a warning of "unsustainable". There are also a series of problems such as pollution and acid rain caused by industrialization, which hinder the sustainable development of agriculture and even threaten the survival and development of the nation. The situation is very serious. In order to reverse the grim situation, China’s agriculture must solve the problems of self-protection and sustainable development. Therefore, China’s agriculture should seriously act according to the laws of eco-economy, realize the virtuous circle of production and pay equal attention to the three benefits, and achieve the unified and coordinated development of production, environmental protection and resources. Its successful experience and model is eco-agriculture.

　　Ecological agriculture is a long-term project, which benefits the country and the people. It is an effective means and main way to build a new socialist countryside and an inevitable choice for China’s economic development. Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council pointed out: "The 21st century is a key historical stage to realize China’s agricultural modernization, and modern agriculture should be efficient ecological agriculture." The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the protection of ecological environment construction, and clearly pointed out that the western region should speed up the pace of returning farmland to forests and promote the development of ecological agriculture and water-saving agriculture. Agricultural departments at all levels should further improve their understanding of the importance of ecological environment construction and protection and rural environmental protection, strengthen cooperation with environmental protection departments, vigorously promote ecological agriculture construction and rural environmental protection, improve the ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of agriculture. In 1990s, eco-agriculture was formally included in the Eighth Five-Year Plan of national economic development. In 1993, the construction of eco-agriculture demonstration counties began, and in 1999, the State Council issued the National Ecological Environment Construction Plan. At present, the construction of eco-agriculture is being promoted throughout the country, and 50 pilot counties, more than 2,000 demonstration sites and 111 pilot counties have been built. The reserved area for artificial grass planting and grassland improvement is 14.82 million hectares.

　　Government support and guidance is the key to the development of ecological agriculture. In the construction of ecological agriculture, party and government departments at all levels should proceed from the overall situation and make long-term plans to actively carry out the construction of ecological agriculture. It is necessary to strengthen leadership, strengthen the awareness of eco-agriculture development, and actively formulate and introduce a series of incentive policies and support mechanisms to guide enterprises, farmers and all sectors of society to invest in eco-agriculture. Ecological agriculture is not an ideal slogan, but a realistic problem before us, which is the fundamental and real stamina of agricultural development. Whoever knows and starts early in this respect will take the initiative.

　　It is necessary to improve farmers’ ideological consciousness and cultivate new farmers with culture and technology. Eco-agriculture, as an agricultural ecosystem that promotes a virtuous ecological cycle and is conducive to the protection of resources and environment, has shown its rationality and scientificity in practice. However, from the specific work, some cadres and masses of governments at all levels and relevant departments do not understand the meaning of eco-agriculture, and some of them are even unfamiliar, and have not yet seen the importance of developing eco-agriculture. Therefore, it is necessary to combine rural work, agricultural production and agricultural technology popularization, publicize and educate cadres and masses at all levels to raise their awareness level, and clearly realize environmental pollution and environmental ecological problems. Frequent disasters have become a major hidden danger for the sustained, rapid and healthy development of agriculture and even the national economy. Relying on industrial development, we should extensively carry out various forms of practical technical training and vocational training in rural areas, guide farmers to advocate science, accept new knowledge and methods, and advocate scientific production and lifestyle. The main body of ecological agriculture construction is farmers. Only when the overall quality of farmers is improved, the project of ecological agriculture construction, which benefits the country and the people, will get twice the result with half the effort.

　　Reporter: What are the positive significance of ecological agriculture construction to agricultural modernization?

　　Bian Yousheng: In a nutshell, the task of China’s agricultural modernization is to transform all agricultural departments with advanced science and technology, industrial means and scientific management, make a big fuss about 14.4 billion mu of land, make full and reasonable use of all agricultural resources, make the ecosystem more reasonable, and give full play to agricultural potential, so as to produce as many agricultural products as possible with as little labor as possible and meet the increasing demand of society for agricultural products to the maximum extent.

　　In order to achieve this goal, we must proceed from the actual situation of our country, conscientiously sum up our own experience, learn from the successful experience of foreign countries with an open mind, try our best to avoid the disadvantages that have appeared in developed countries and embark on a road suitable for our national conditions.

　　There are two basic situations in realizing agricultural modernization in China: first, there are many people and few land; Second, the level of science and technology is low, but the labor force is abundant. This determines that China’s agricultural modernization must adopt the strategy of sustainable development. The basic direction of this strategy is to explore and build on the basis of biotechnology, make full use of solar energy and water, make full use of China’s labor resources and agricultural resources, and make full use of all kinds of advanced science and technology and management methods to make the agricultural economy develop continuously and at the same time make the agricultural ecology in a virtuous circle.

　　Historical experience tells us that it is impossible to realize agricultural modernization without a systematic view and an ecological view. The rise of eco-agriculture and its successful practice give us new enlightenment: eco-agriculture does not need large-scale investment. By making full use of solar energy and water, it can promote the repeated use and recycling of materials in the system and obtain stable and long-term economic benefits, which is consistent with China’s current poor family and the strategy of sustainable development in agricultural development. Eco-agriculture can make full use of China’s rich human resources and 14.4 billion mu of land, and establish various types of eco-agricultural systems in a wide range of plains, mountains, grasslands, water surfaces and forests according to local conditions to provide a variety of agricultural and sideline products for the society, which is consistent with the spirit that the central government has repeatedly pointed out that the development policy of China’s agriculture must be "never relax grain production and actively carry out diversified management"; Ecological agriculture emphasizes the complex three-dimensional agricultural structure and requires diversified products, which is exactly the viewpoint of "big agriculture" and "big grain" that we advocate; Ecological agriculture takes protecting and improving the ecological environment as its guiding ideology and promoting the virtuous cycle of agriculture as its important condition, which is consistent with the requirement of "developing agricultural production, we must protect the agricultural ecological balance" in China. Traditional agriculture in China has the characteristics of organic agriculture, and many of them are in line with the principles of ecological agriculture. Therefore, the construction and popularization of ecological agriculture is not only suitable for China’s current national conditions and national strength, but also consistent with China’s traditional agricultural habits, and is an effective way to realize China’s agricultural modernization.

　　The recent exposure of "Hainan Boao Yinfeng Kangyang International Hospital involved in the vaccination of fake nine-valent HPV vaccine" has poured a pot of cold water on the vaccination boom of HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine.

　　Over the past few years, in the upsurge of public opinion, the nine-valent HPV vaccine has gradually become a vaccine "online celebrity". An endless stream of cross-border vaccinators even once "stopped supplying" the nine-valent HPV vaccine in Hong Kong.

　　On April 28th, 2018, under the great expectation, the nine-valent HPV vaccine was officially approved for listing in Chinese mainland at the speed of rocket.

　　Before listing, the huge demand crowd gave birth to chaotic outbound vaccination intermediaries, and illegal smuggling was also common. This industrial chain is still active today.

　　The "fake nine-valent HPV vaccine" incident uncovered the gray side of the HPV vaccine business.

　　According to the notification of Hainan Provincial Health and Health Commission on April 28th, Hainan Boao Yinfeng Kangyang International Hospital (hereinafter referred to as "Yinfeng Hospital") was suspected of illegally vaccinating 38 people with HPV vaccine in January 2018. The "victim" of the incident said that these vaccines may be illegally smuggled or may come from a pharmaceutical factory in Siping, Jilin.

　　In addition, 32 of them are over the recommended vaccination age of nine-valent HPV vaccine (16-26 years old), that is to say, they do not fully understand the protective effect of HPV vaccine. Why do these older women spend nearly 10,000 yuan chasing the nine-valent HPV vaccine of unknown origin?

　　Many experts told The Paper that we should treat the value of the nine-valent HPV vaccine more rationally and need to cool down the "online celebrity" vaccine.

　　Hainan Boao Yinfeng Kangyang International Hospital, sealed by qionghai city Health and Health Commission on April 29th.A Hard-to-Find Nine-valent HPV Vaccine "Myth"

　　Since it was approved on April 28 last year, the strong demand for nine-valent HPV vaccine has triggered an appointment boom in various places, and Beijing, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and other places have all experienced the phenomenon of "one needle is hard to find".

　　On April 29th, The Paper called the Hubei Provincial Center for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Treatment, and the outpatient department said that it was normal to make an appointment every Monday on the Internet because "there are only a dozen needles at nine prices every week".

　　In many cities, booking a nine-valent HPV vaccine requires a lottery. For example, in Nanning, Guangxi, after winning the lottery, the applicant will be informed of the specific inoculation place and time. If the inoculation is not completed within the specified time, it will be included in ‘ Blacklist ’ You must not participate in the lottery within half a year. "

　　In Shenzhen, from November last year, it was changed from "grab the number to make an appointment" to "shake the number to make an appointment". There were 95,111 valid applicants in the first lottery, and only 1,305 applicants won the lottery, with a winning rate of 1.37%.

　　Behind the "one needle is hard to find" is the publicity upsurge of HPV vaccine that lasted for several years, which even shaped the nine-valent HPV vaccine into a "myth".

　　Since the bivalent HPV vaccine was approved in 2016, titles such as "Ten years waiting, cervical cancer vaccine was finally approved" and "Chinese people waited for ten years, cervical cancer vaccine should not be missed" appeared in the media and occupied the circle of friends.

　　In fact, HPV vaccine has been listed in the United States, Australia and other countries as early as 2006. In 2013, Professor Qiao Youlin from China Academy of Medical Sciences and Institute of Oncology of Peking Union Medical College and his research team published a study in the international authoritative magazine Vaccine, saying that if the cervical cancer vaccine was absent from China for seven years, 380,000 women would miss protection opportunities and become cervical cancer patients in the future if effective intervention measures such as screening were not applied.

　　This research has attracted the attention of the domestic media. Since 2014, there have been reports in China about the long waiting time of cervical cancer vaccine. Until the first HPV vaccine was approved in China in 2016, the listing of tetravalent HPV vaccine in China has also caused widespread concern.

　　Under the ardent expectation of the public, on April 28th last year, the nine-valent HPV vaccine was approved by National Medical Products Administration at "rocket speed". It took only eight days from the acceptance of the marketing application to the conditional approval, setting a new approval record.

　　Who can be vaccinated with nine-valent HPV vaccine? Why is the recommended vaccination age limited to 16-26 years old? How to rationally treat the role of HPV vaccine in preventing cervical cancer? These questions are rarely mentioned.

　　"There is indeed a phenomenon of over-promotion of HPV vaccine. According to the guidance of WHO, it is clear that even if HPV vaccine is vaccinated, cervical cancer cannot be completely avoided." Wang Yuedan, deputy director of the Department of Immunology of Peking University, told The Paper on April 29th.

　　Some experts also pointed out that the frequent reports of vaccine shortage in the media and online have stimulated more women’s desire for vaccination, thus pushing up the market demand and increasing the supply gap.

　　HPV vaccine is only part of the prevention strategy.

　　"Popular Science Questions and Reference Answers about HPV Vaccine" published in National Medical Products Administration official website explained that for most people, being infected with HPV virus is like "getting a cold in the cervix", so there is no need to be too nervous and afraid.

　　"More than 80% of HPV infections will be naturally cleared within 8 months, and only a few persistent high-risk HPV infections can cause cancer for more than 2 years. Among those who continue to be infected, only a few people will develop cervical precancerous lesions, and only a few of the latter will develop into cancer. " Mentioned in the above popular science question and answer.

　　Two experts, Hu Shangying and Qiao Youlin, from the National Cancer Center and Peking Union Medical College Cancer Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, also emphasized that HPV vaccination should be a part of the comprehensive prevention strategy for cervical cancer and other related diseases in a paper "Interpretation of the 2017 WHO HPV vaccine position paper" published in the Chinese journal of preventive medicine. In addition to vaccination, it also includes health education for women to avoid risky behaviors, screening, diagnosis and treatment, training health workers, and improving the accessibility of effective screening and treatment services.

　　For women over the age of 26 who want to get a 9-valent HPV vaccine in China, Liu Fangxun, deputy director of the Department of Special Needs International Medicine of Peking University International Hospital, suggested that they can choose to get a 4-valent HPV vaccine and have a cervical cytology (TCT) examination every year.

　　The best time for HPV vaccination is before sex, that is, before the first exposure to HPV infection. Therefore, teenagers are the best age for HPV vaccination.

　　The recommended vaccination age of bivalent HPV vaccine in China is 9-25 years old women, tetravalent HPV vaccine is suitable for 20-45 years old women, and nonavalent HPV vaccine is suitable for 16-26 years old women.

　　However, the recommended vaccination ages are different in different countries and regions. In the United States, the applicable ages of these three vaccines were all from 9 to 26 when they were first approved. It was not until last October that the indications of the 9-valent HPV vaccine were revised after an average 3.5-year follow-up study targeting 3,200 women aged 27-45. The US FDA approved the application of the 9-valent HPV vaccine to expand the age adaptation range.

　　At present, there is not enough clinical trial data in China to prove that people who are vaccinated with nine-valent HPV vaccine over 26 years old can get the same protective effect as the recommended vaccination age. In Hu Shangying and Qiao Youlin’s aforementioned papers, it is also emphasized that the protective effect of vaccines on older women is lower than that of younger women.

　　On April 28th, 2018, National Medical Products Administration conditionally approved the marketing of nine-valent HPV vaccine for preventing cervical cancer. Unlike bivalent and tetravalent HPV vaccines, the nine-valent HPV vaccine is conditionally approved.

　　Why is it conditionally approved? The nine-valent HPV vaccine is based on the approved data of the previous four-valent HPV vaccine, and it can conditionally accept overseas clinical trial data and bridge with overseas clinical data. Therefore, it is possible to conditionally approve the import registration of products in the shortest time.

　　Among the foreign clinical trials presented in the China instructions of tetravalent HPV vaccine, there is only one phase III trial aimed at the age group of 27-45, and the result is that "the effectiveness of this product in preventing CIN2/3 (cervical precancerous lesion), AIS (adenocarcinoma in situ) or cervical cancer related to HPV16 and 18 in women aged 27-45 has not been confirmed yet".

　　The intermediary chaos caused by huge demand

　　As a group of older women with more purchasing power and spending power, the irrational consumption demand for nine-valent HPV vaccine has also spawned intermediary industries such as "vaccination travel" and overseas vaccination.

　　Tourism websites and medical intermediary companies have launched nine-valent HPV vaccination services in neighboring countries and regions such as South Korea, Singapore, China and Hongkong.

　　In Hong Kong, the upsurge of HPV vaccination due to the "star effect" has also driven the consumption enthusiasm of some mainland women.

　　As early as November 2006, HPV vaccine was approved to be listed in Hong Kong. At the initial stage of listing, public acceptance was not high. According to the data of the Hong Kong Institute of Pharmacists, from November 2006 to 2014, only about 8.85% of women were vaccinated. This situation was reversed in 2015. In 2015, the HPV vaccine subsidy scheme in Hong Kong was fully launched, and eligible people could enjoy the subsidy price as low as HK$ 1,400 per person, with the subsidy rate exceeding 60%.

　　Hongkong also invited many stars to "help out", and G.E.M., Charlene Choi, Ekin Cheng and other stars participated in the production of public service advertisements for many times.

　　Substantial subsidies and celebrity endorsements and publicity have not only greatly increased the number of local vaccinators, but also attracted a large number of mainland women. However, public hospitals in Hong Kong are closed to mainlanders, and this huge consumer group is targeted by many private clinics and intermediaries.

　　In the qualified regular vaccination sites in China, age is a threshold, which blocks this part of the population over 26 years old. Moreover, before the nine-valent HPV vaccine is officially approved in Chinese mainland, it can only be inoculated abroad to get a wider range of titer protection.

　　An endless stream of cross-border vaccinators even once "stopped supplying" the nine-valent HPV vaccine in Hong Kong.

　　The Paper previously reported that from October 12 to December 1, 2017, Merck had directly suspended the supply of nine-valent HPV vaccine in major clinics in Hong Kong, and a large number of mainland consumers who went to Hong Kong for vaccination had disputes with vaccination institutions because of "broken needles".

　　After the unprecedented shortage, the risks of intermediary soliciting customers out of order, no contract documents and difficulties in safeguarding rights are exposed.

　　The age limit is not a problem in many intermediaries. An intermediary who went to Hong Kong to vaccinate the nine-valent HPV vaccine introduced to The Paper: "(Women) can fight if they have menstruation."

　　This chaos is also reflected in the incident of "suspected vaccination of fake nine-valent HPV vaccine" in Yinfeng Hospital.

　　The Paper interviewed 36 female vaccinators in this incident. According to the story, most of the 36 vaccinators were between 20 and 40 years old, and one of them was 49 years old at the time of vaccination. They all recommended each other through acquaintances, paid Wang Lina, who claimed to be the medical staff of Yinfeng Hospital, 900 yuan as the vaccination deposit in advance, and then swiped the card at the involved hospital or transferred 8,100 yuan online, paying a total of 9,000 yuan for the vaccination of this batch of nine-valent HPV vaccines.

　　"9000 yuan should be a random charge." Wang Yuedan said that according to the pricing of domestic nine-valent HPV vaccine, the current price of nine-valent HPV vaccine in the mainland is about 1,300 yuan/needle, and the price of completing three needles is less than 4,000 yuan.

　　In addition to the high premium, there are other risks in vaccination through informal channels in China.

　　According to Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao’s report on April 29th, doctors with unhealthy clinics in Hong Kong, in order to make huge profits, used the genuine nine-valent HPV vaccine produced by Merck Pharmaceutical Factory in the United States to attract mainland customers, and then replaced the genuine nine-valent HPV vaccine with parallel vaccines of unknown origin to vaccinate the guests.

　　"Which institution’s medical staff can fight (over age) means that it is in violation of regulations. If the institution can violate regulations in this place, it may also violate regulations in other links." Liu Fangxun, deputy chief physician of the Special Needs International Medical Department of Peking University International Hospital, told The Paper that vaccine management and cold chain transportation are closely linked in China, which is closely related to the quality and safety of vaccines. Inoculators should choose regular inoculation institutions.

　　Many places have seized HPV vaccine smuggling.

　　In the case of Yinfeng Hospital’s "suspected illegal inoculation of fake vaccines", the source of these nine-valent HPV vaccines became questionable. Victims who had been vaccinated before said, "The vaccines injected in this batch include unknown potions produced by a factory in Siping, Jilin, and smuggled vaccines."

　　At present, Suzhou police have filed a case for investigation. However, the source of the vaccine that is of concern to the outside world has not been disclosed yet.

　　The Paper previously reported that hundreds of people were involved in the vaccine case of Yinfeng Hospital, which was designated by the Ministry of Public Security to supervise the case. Yinfeng Hospital and Qingdao Meibomen House Beauty Information Consulting Co., Ltd. were just one link.

　　According to public reports, cases of illegal entry of "HPV vaccine" have been seized in Shenzhen, Xiamen, Yantai and other places.

　　In May 2017, the airport office of Yantai Inspection and Quarantine Bureau intercepted a number of illegally brought HPV vaccines in the luggage carried by inbound passengers from Taiwan Province.

　　In September 2017, Zhuhai Gongbei Customs officers intercepted two men at the "no declaration channel" at the entry site of Gongbei Port, and found that their suitcases contained a large number of nine-valent vaccines for cervical cancer. This batch of vaccines is placed in three blue heat preservation bags and a transparent sealed bag, some of which are completely boxed and some are in bulk. It is understood that there are more than 220 vaccines in this batch, equivalent to about 130,000 yuan. The passenger concerned failed to provide the vaccine-related approval.

　　In December 2017, the inspection and quarantine staff of Xiamen Airport Inspection and Quarantine Bureau intercepted 201 illegally brought HPV vaccines from the luggage of passengers entering Malaysia.

　　In March 2018, the staff of Shenzhen Huanggang Inspection and Quarantine Bureau seized a group of 45 boxes of nine-valent cervical cancer vaccines brought by passengers at Futian Port, a large number. On-the-spot inspection found that the vaccines were only wrapped in simple plastic bags and packed in backpacks, and no low-temperature cold chain transportation measures were taken, which was easy to degenerate and fail. The passenger said that the vaccine was brought into the country to help people, and it was impossible to explain the source of the vaccine and failed to provide relevant quarantine approval certificates.

　　In November 2018, Xiamen Customs, affiliated to the Airport Customs, intercepted 201 illegally brought HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccines from the luggage of Malaysian inbound passengers, including 150 tetravalent vaccines and 51 nonavalent vaccines. Passengers failed to declare voluntarily and could not provide relevant quarantine certificates.

　　According to the current drug administration law, smuggled vaccines belong to the category of counterfeit drugs.

　　Lawyer Yin Qingli of Beijing Ross Law Firm analyzed that according to Article 39 of China’s Drug Administration Law, if the vaccine comes from abroad, no matter whether it is true or not abroad, as long as there is no import procedure, it can be identified as the scope of counterfeit drugs.

　　In an interview with The Paper, Yin Qingli said that if the "Yinfeng Hospital case" was related to companies and individuals who directly and intentionally violated customs regulations, evaded customs supervision, and transported the vaccines involved in the case in various ways or evaded customs duties, it was not in the form of purchasing by overseas citizens, and there was no special crime of smuggling vaccines and drugs in China, the related companies and individuals might be suspected of committing smuggling in the ordinary sense. If the vaccine in this case is brought to China by an individual through overseas purchasing and used clinically, the so-called overseas purchasing individual should be suspected of selling counterfeit drugs.

　　"Because of the serious harm of counterfeit drugs, on the one hand, it endangers people’s health and life, on the other hand, it also harms the national drug supervision system and market order, so the criminal law makes such a provision. "Yin Qingli explained to The Paper that it is not difficult to see from the above provisions that the crime of producing and selling counterfeit drugs is an act of crime, that is, whether the act of producing and selling counterfeit drugs causes harm to health or not constitutes this crime.

　　Regarding the grey areas where the revised Vaccine Management Law is concerned about whether it can effectively manage vaccine smuggling, a professional who has been engaged in the research of laws and policies related to drug management for a long time told The Paper that in principle, there are special provisions to follow the Vaccine Law, and no provisions are based on the Drug Management Law. "The draft vaccine law has not specifically stipulated the smuggling of vaccines. These incidents will test the integrity of the law." The above personnel said.

2024 Mercedes-Benz G500 changed to six-cylinder G63 eight-cylinder AMG

45 years without major changes in design, it is still a classic today, and its designer is even more relaxed than Porsche’s! That’s right, I’m talking about the Mercedes-Benz G-Class, known as the king of square boxes. Even today in 2024, the Mercedes-Benz G-Class has only come to the third-generation model. Let’s see what new changes this king has!

Pros and cons

advantage

1. Classic design, open the door is a row

2. Off-road capability is unquestionable

3. Luxurious interior atmosphere

disadvantage

G500 changed from V8 to straight 6 engine

The biggest change in this remodel is that the basic version of the G550 (domestic codename G500) has been replaced by a new 3.0T inline six-cylinder turbocharged engine, and a 48V light hybrid system has been added, with a maximum horsepower of 443 horsepower and a peak torque of 560 Nm. Compared with the current G500 on sale, the horsepower has been increased, and the torque has been reduced.

The AMG G63 that countless men dream of is equipped with a new paint color scheme, still powered by a 4.0T V8 twin-turbo engine, and also adds a 48V light hybrid system, providing an additional 15 kW and 200 Nm power assist, and the acceleration time of 0-100km/h is increased from 4.5 seconds to 4.3 seconds.

In addition to the power system, the interior layout has not changed much, but a lot of upgrades have been made. First, the 12.3-inch central control screen has been upgraded to a touch-sensitive display, and the MBUX entertainment system also provides two 11.6-inch rear entertainment screens for rear seat passengers.

In terms of sound system, the new Mercedes-Benz G-Class is equipped with an upgraded Burmester ? 3D surround sound system, optimized speaker layout, new 6 channels, and a speaker with ambient lights is added to the roof lining. With Dolby Atmos ?, it brings visual and auditory upgrades.

There is no need to introduce too much about off-road. Almost no one will take a G-class to go off-road, and the local tyrants who really drive a G-class to go off-road also know more about the off-road capabilities of the G-class.

summarize

As a benchmark for hard-core off-road vehicles, the new Mercedes-Benz G-Class continues to keep pace with the times, retaining strong off-road capabilities, and comprehensively upgrading luxury, intelligence and safety! It is a pity that under the rolling wave of electrification, the classic G500 no longer provides V8 engines, and it is unknown how long the remaining AMG G63 can hold on to V8 beliefs. There will also be pure electric EQGs coming to the market in the future. Hurry up and make money!

Beijing Maybach 4S Store, Mercedes Sales Center

Mercedes-Benz, Maybach AMG Authorized Dealer

Beijing Benz 4S Shop Tel: 010-8178 5588

Key Account Manager of Beijing Mercedes-Benz Maybach 4S Store: 138-1190-6687 Sales nationwide

Address: Beijing Chaoyang District East Third Ring Road Shilihe Bridge 500 meters south 010-8166 1600.

　　Although the Huawei Mate 50 series is nearly 2 years later than expected, according to the rhythm of previous years, Huawei is likely to launch a new generation of P series flagship – Huawei P60 series in Quarter 1 next year. As the release time is approaching, the outside world’s revelations about the machine are also more encrypted. Now there is the latest news. After some appearance and configuration details, digital bloggers have further revealed the appearance of the machine, which is said to be a rendering graph.

　　According to the latest render graph released by a well-known digital blogger, it is basically the same as the previously exposed news. The new Huawei P60 series has changed a lot in appearance design, but it is largely full of the shadow of the previous work. The first is the back of the fuselage. Although the machine continues to use the rear camera module shape of the upper and lower parts, the shape has been changed from the previous "Vientiane Double Ring" to two rounded corner block designs. The upper half contains dual cameras, and the lower half is a lens and flash. On the front of the fuselage, the Huawei P60 adopts the very familiar pill digging scheme, but the position is shifted from the upper left corner to the top center.

　　In other respects, according to the previously exposed news, the new Huawei P60 series is expected to come standard with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen2 flagship processor, but still only supports 4G network, not 5G. As for other performance parameters, it is not much different from the 5G version of the chip. It is also based on TSMC’s 4nm process. It adopts the new "1 + 2 + 2 + 3" eight-core architecture design. Its Antu running score is expected to break through 1.20 million points, which will bring more powerful performance. In addition, the main camera may use an ultra-large bottom sensor, while the ultra-telephoto may be 64 million pixels. It is also likely to continue to be equipped with the variable aperture launched on the Mate 50 and the Huawei XMAGE self-developed imaging platform. The image performance will be very worth looking forward to.

　　It is reported that the new Huawei P60 series is expected to be available to you in March-April next year. We will wait and see for more details.

1905 movie network feature Recently, the "uncle circle style" has swept across the screen. What impresses people is not only their superb acting skills, but also the unique male charm created by their suits. Different materials, different colors, different styles, and different collar tips, these suit languages not only bring us visual enjoyment, but also convey what information to us? This issue of "Today’s Film Review" invited Jia Xizeng, an associate professor at the Academy of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University, to open the uncles’ wardrobes with us and chat about the sociology in their suits.

What changed was the suit, and it was also an era. The language of the suit was in step with the trend of the times, and the movie Heli showed the clothes between the 1930s and 1940s. This period was the golden age of the suit. During this period, there were many occasions to wear the suit, and the suit even became one of the most common clothes in life.

@Jia Xizeng:In these two films, the matching of suits and the language of costumes are both rigorous and orthodox.

The show is around 2000, when the suit has become fashionable, it not only inherits the tradition, but also adds some contemporary fashion features. By then, the suit in the movie has become a fashion trend and has become a daily trend.

The wardrobe of the movie "Nameless" – showing status and character

The characters in the movie "Nameless" are basically dressed in dark suits, which convey a sense of unity, depth and restraint, which is in line with the plot and style requirements of spy movies. On a poster, standing in front, sitting behind, the three people have different clothing styles. As an underground worker who penetrated the enemy’s interior, Leung Chaowei needed to be calm and low-key, and he wore a six-button barge suit.

@Jia Xizeng:Because he is the first protagonist, the message conveyed by the costume is also the strongest.

Wang Yibo is also wearing a slender head, wearing a wide-shouldered H-shaped (straight), and even a little T-shaped (silhouette) suit, which conforms to the silhouette characteristics of male heroes. The collar of the suit is stiff, like a blade, which matches Wang Yibo’s handsome and bold image. Minister Tang, who plays the role, is more advanced in his attire. By comparing the suits of these three people, we can find that the higher the status, the higher the barge, and the higher the barge. Minister Tang’s attire shows his high position and weight through the design of the collar pin, which instantly distinguishes him from the characters played by Tony Leung and Wang Yibo.

@Jia Xizeng:This is a complete visual language formed by the logical support of color language, clothing language and character language.

Gao Qiqiang’s Wardrobe – The Transformation of Status and Identity

Gao Qiqiang went from being a fish seller to gradually blackening, and his wardrobe was also gradually changing. In the play, Gao Qiqiang’s life is ups and downs. In each period, he has different clothes, the jacket he wears when selling fish, the gray-green suit when the PHS store opens, and the different styles of suits he wears when dealing with different affairs after being instructed by Chen Shuting.

@Jia Xizeng:In fact, clothing is a process of human interaction, so how to reflect etiquette, respect, and a sense of value, through clothing can achieve the finishing touch.

The difference between a barred collar, a flat barred collar and a green fruit collar

In "Hurricane", Gao Qiqiang’s camouflage-collared suit has a particularly high appearance rate. In terms of clothing etiquette, the camouflage-collared suit is of a higher level and shows a greater aura. The camouflage-collared suit is more in line with his role identity. Compared with the camouflage-collared collar, the camouflage-collared collar is more conventional, more low-key, more restrained, and more daily. When Gao Qiqiang attended a leadership meeting in the city, he wore a camouflage-collared suit with a white shirt and no tie, which cleverly avoided high-profile. The green fruit collar is a collared style. It does not have the opening and closing of the neckline. It belongs to a type of dress. It is common on important occasions and is rare in daily life. Last year’s Golden Rooster Awards ceremony was accompanied

People rely on clothes, "Uncle relies on suits", and in future films, we can also figure out the background of the characters from their suits. Li Dapeng wore an orange suit, which is more fashionable and personalized, and is not suitable for daily occasions. In terms of cultural connotation of hue, orange echoes his image of being bohemian on the surface, full of sense of justice in the heart, and enthusiastic about helping others.

In the trailer, Zhu Yilong is wearing casual clothes, but the poster of Zhu Yilong is wearing a formal two-button suit with a white shirt backing, but not a tie. This suit style conflicts with his casual state. It is speculated that it is the director’s deliberate setting, which is intended to suggest that the character played by Zhu Yilong in the movie has different personalities – fickle and hidden.

Dressing is a way of life, but also a way to love life. During the program, Jia Xizeng also shared some clothing suggestions with the audience and friends.

From movies to reality, from the highest ceremonial occasions to daily life, suits have brought us different meanings and values. We also hope that suits can be more everyday, making them a must-have wardrobe that accompanies our daily lives.

Fan Bingbing

　　Movie Network News(Photo/Qian Jia Yiwen/Xie Yawei) On December 14, "October Siege", which has a luxurious lineup of "Nine Emperors and One Queen" in the Chinese film industry, held a grand premiere in Beijing. Producers Chen Kexin, Huang Jianxin, director Chen Desen and starring Liming, Fan Bingbing, Li Yuchun, Liang Jiahui, Nicholas Tse, Hu Jun, Wang Xueqi, Zhou Yun, and Wang Baijie made a collective appearance for the film’s national release on December 18. At the press conference, Fan Bingbing was repeatedly harassed by media reporters, and he was once speechless and embarrassed, while Dawn, who was good at dealing with reporters, took the initiative to fight for Fan Bingbing. When facing the acerbic questions directed at him, he even exploded the thunder of "everyone is from the earth".

Fan Bingbing was embarrassed twice in the face of difficulties, saying that Li Jiaxin was the heroine

　　"The Queen of Topics" Fan Bingbing became the focus of media attention wherever she went. At the press conference, when the media asked her whether she had broken through the "vase" image in this "October Siege" performance, Fan Bingbing said twice in a row that she did not hear the question clearly, whether it was intentional or unintentional. When the question was repeated for the third time, she finally gave the most official answer, "I didn’t think about it that much, I just wanted to shape the character with my heart. In this film, I feel more of the dedication of everyone."

　　"October Siege" brings together the nine best actors in the Chinese film industry, which can be called a man’s play. Compared with the few female actors, the roles of several actresses are rare. Not long ago, after watching "October Siege", Mark Muller, the chairman of the Venice Film Festival, gave Zhou Yun a high evaluation, saying that "Zhou Yun supported the entire" October Siege ". When the reporter asked Fan Bingbing to express his opinion on this comment, Fan Bingbing, who has always been comfortable with the media, first smiled awkwardly, and then replied," I think a movie is not the power of one person, but the work of everyone’s hard work. Success is the result of everyone’s efforts. " Faced with the question of "who is the first heroine", Fan Bingbing immediately blurted out, "I think the real heroine is Li Jiaxin. My mother saw the film yesterday and said that her appearance was amazing." Although the reaction this time was very witty, Fan Bingbing could not hide his embarrassment and smiled unnaturally.

dawn

Hu Jun

Liming stands up for Fan Bingbing, answers questions skillfully and then explodes thunder

　　Fan Bingbing had just been harassed by the media, and then Liming, who was on stage, was also asked the same question, "I never pay attention to the heroine’s problem, I only pay attention to the movie itself." Saying that, he also began to speak up for Fan Bingbing, "I think Fan Bingbing was quite miserable just now. He has been forced by reporters to ask such sharp questions, but it is just practice, and actors always have to face these questions. It is normal to ask such questions, but I am still surprised to keep asking them." The words made the atmosphere of the scene cold for a while.

　　Because Nicholas Tse said in the interview just now that he would take Cecilia Cheung and his son to watch "October Siege", and said that he would not worry about fetal gas, and joked that this film is suitable for all pregnant women to watch. When asked if he would take Leji to watch the movie together, Liming cleverly avoided the reporter’s intention to inquire about gossip, "Sorry, my wife is not pregnant yet, so I won’t take her to see it." Liming was one of the four kings of Hong Kong’s singing scene, but he did not sing the theme song of "October Siege", which would inevitably make some media inquire, and Liming broke out thunder again, causing a burst of laughter at the scene, "Li Yuchun, Tse Tse, they are all very good at singing, they can’t say that the king sings well. Everyone is from earth, and everyone is equal!"

Li Yuchun

Li Yuchun and Xiao Shenyang fight for popularity, Chen Kexin is not afraid of the "three guns" box office rhetoric

　　Li Yuchun was "electrocuted" for the first time in "October Siege", and some remarks said that "Li Yuchun can guarantee at least 50 million box office", while Li Yuchun was very modest, "This film has so many big names, I dare not say such words." In another New Year’s Eve film "Three Guns Shooting Surprise", Xiao Shenyang was called the biggest highlight. Li Yuchun confessed to the media about the popularity of the two. "I can’t answer this. I can only use numbers to explain the problem after the film is released."

　　Zhang Weiping, the producer of "Three Guns Shooting Surprise", made a bold statement in an interview not long ago, "This year’s New Year’s Eve, ‘Three Guns’ will be unstoppable!" And the promotional backboard of "October Siege" on the day of its premiere was also written "Unstoppable". When the media asked if the two films were secretly competing, Chen Kexin replied easily, "These are all propaganda slogans, don’t take them seriously." He said that now our country’s film industry is very prosperous, and it is not difficult for movies to break records at the box office. Nothing is impossible.

Mars Architecture-Super Hybrid Platform clarifies the direction of Chery’s hybrid and fuel production in the next five years. In terms of forward-looking wisdom, the Mars architecture-super hybrid platform is equipped with the flagship chip of Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 in the automotive performance ceiling, and the CPU computing power reaches 105 K; Equipped with self-evolving EEA4.0 electronic and electrical architecture, it supports 5G and Gigabit Ethernet. At the same time, the new platform products are also equipped with Chery Pilot L2.9 intelligent driving assistance system, including 21 basic ADAS functions and 11 advanced intelligent driving functions.

On March 13th, 2024, A-share online game concept stocks surged at the beginning of the session, and the game ETF(159869) has now risen by over 2%. Recently, the game sector continued to rebound and attack, and the game ETF(159869) continued to pay a premium in intraday trading. Yesterday, the net inflow of funds exceeded 100 million yuan, and the signal of fund layout was obvious.

In the news, the Global Game Developers Conference (GDC) will be held in San Francisco from March 18th to March 22nd. The conference will cover many topics such as AI, VR, AR, audio, vision, programming, etc. The participating manufacturers include Microsoft, Google, NVIDIA, Meta, Adobe, EPIC, Unity, Roblox, Tencent and Netease. Citic Jiantou pointed out that looking back at the GDC conference in 2023, AI became the biggest keyword, and industry head companies such as Microsoft, Ubisoft and Roblox shared how AI innovated game production/operation, including reducing costs and increasing efficiency, and creating new gameplay, which also drove the A-share game sector to rise sharply. Focus on the catalysis of this year’s GDC conference on the game sector. As can be seen from the theme of the conference, AI has penetrated into more production links and more game categories.

　　Looking for dark matter, machines are better than human eyes. A recent paper published in Computational Astrophysics and Cosmology shows that the deep learning AI framework jointly developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (hereinafter referred to as Berkeley Laboratory) can explore the signs of dark matter in the universe.

　　In recent years, artificial intelligence has been increasingly applied to astronomical research. Deep learning requires massive amounts of data, and astronomy is the field where AI shows its talents. Machines can find a needle for human beings from the vast ocean and capture new stars, new extraterrestrial planets and even dark matter.

　　Recognizing the "gravitational lens", AI has made contributions.

　　Finding "gravitational lens" is the basic method to study the distribution of dark matter. An object with a huge mass will distort the passing light like a lens, and if we find out this distortion, we can capture the non-luminous mass.

　　The paper shows that CosmoGAN, a deep learning AI framework established by Berkeley Lab, can analyze the relationship between gravitational lens and dark matter. It can create high fidelity and weak gravitational lens convergence diagram.

　　Once upon a time, it was troublesome to find the simulation and data processing needed for the "gravitational lens". Twenty scientists spent months looking at only a small space image. Physical simulation takes billions of computing hours and takes up megabytes of disk space.

　　The progress of neural network provides opportunities. The team led by Berkeley Lab introduced a "generative confrontation network (GANs)". Researcher Mustafa said: "There are other deep learning methods that can get convergence graphs from many images, but compared with competitive methods, GANs generates very high-resolution images while still having the high efficiency of neural networks."

　　Now, astronomers can use CosmoGAN to analyze a much larger sky area, and the speed is faster.

　　CosmoGAN is not the only astronomical deep learning neural network that has made progress. For example, the University of Toronto used deep learning technology to analyze satellite images of lunar craters, and the neural network of P8 supercomputer discovered 6,000 new craters in just a few hours, twice the number of craters discovered by humans in the past decades. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign uses deep learning to detect and analyze gravitational waves of black hole collisions. AI blooms everywhere in astronomy.

　　There is too much data to play without a machine.

　　In the past few years, most directions in the field of astronomy have tried to use artificial intelligence. Considering the amount of data that astronomy has to deal with, this is a natural idea. Let the machine practice to analyze clues, otherwise, astronomy in the future will not work.

　　The 2019 GPU Technology Conference held not long ago attracted artificial intelligence scholars all over the world. Brent Robertson, an astronomer from the University of California, Santa Cruz, was invited to give a speech at the conference. He pointed out: "Astronomy is at the cusp of a new data revolution". Robertson believes that the new generation of astronomical instruments must cooperate with the new generation of software driven by deep learning.

　　For example, the large-caliber all-day patrol telescope (LSST) is expected to run in three years. It toured 37 billion galaxies in the southern half of the universe, generating a ten-year uninterrupted video. LSST is equipped with a 3.2 billion pixel camera, which generates 25TB of data every night, which is equivalent to all the data contributed by the advanced astronomical telescope in a lifetime.

　　Another example is the Square Kilometer Array Radio Telescope (SKA). It is spread all over the world, some antennas are deployed in eight countries in southern Africa, and more than one million antennas are located in Australia and New Zealand. Its raw data reaches 5000 PB every day, and there are about 50 PB after processing.

　　"Dark Energy Survey" compiles star maps of hundreds of millions of galaxies; "Gaia" satellite surveying and mapping stars with galactic coefficient of one billion; The "Zwicky" project can scan 3,750 square degrees of sky every hour. In China, the daily data volume of FAST will reach 150TB；; Guo Shoujing telescope has observed 9.01 million spectra, which is the largest celestial spectrum library in the world … …

　　Capture patterns that humans can’t see.

　　There are more and more data, and scientists try to aggregate them. However, at the GPU conference, Robertson said that in the future, several large astronomical telescopes will produce a large amount of data together, which is too complicated for human beings to directly use after aggregation. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Cruz, tried to solve this problem. Morpheus deep learning framework created by a doctoral student in computer science department can classify celestial bodies pixel by pixel based on the original data of telescope.

　　Scientists at the University of California, Santa Cruz, also use AI to better study the formation of galaxies. In a study published in early 2019, scientists trained computers with computer-simulated galaxies to learn three key stages of galaxy evolution. Later, computer analysis of galaxy images from the Hubble Space Telescope performed surprisingly well.

　　Artificial intelligence is applied to face recognition. After training with massive data, you can recognize this person’s makeup and old age according to a photo. And many images in the universe can be classified in the same way.

　　"Deep learning can look for patterns, and machines can see very complicated patterns that humans can’t see." David Ku, a scientist involved in the research, said, "We hope to further test this method. In the proof-of-concept study, the machine seems to have successfully found the different stages of galaxy evolution determined in the simulation in the data. "

　　Help astronomers find another solar system

　　A report at the end of 2018 showed that Google artificial intelligence made efforts to find new planets from Kepler’s exoplanet observation database. Planets are hard to find. Kepler satellite in space observes 145,000 sun-like stars, and finds planets from the faint changes of star brightness. The data recorded for four years includes about 35,000 suspected planetary records. Astronomers use machines combined with human eyes to identify, but the darkest and weakest signals are often ignored.

　　With the help of Google AI, we discovered two new planets, Kepler 90i and Kepler 80g. Kepler 90 was also recognized as the first exogalaxy with at least eight planets.

　　Neural network and machine learning processed 14 billion data points, and then successfully screened out candidates.

　　NASA and Google say that new technologies will find more exoplanets in the future. NASA also said that there is no need to worry about astronomers losing their jobs. Jesse Dotson, a scientist at NASA, explained that astronomers need to classify data before they are provided to neural networks, so that artificial intelligence can learn and analyze new information from them.

　　Dotson said: "AI will definitely work with astronomers in the future and become an indispensable tool."

　　Of course, machine learning also brings the risk of "black box": we get the answer, but we don’t know why the machine makes such a judgment, and maybe the answer is wrong. Machines make mistakes. Astronomers will continue to train and adapt to it.

　　Extended reading

　　Expert comments

　　Deep learning does not have "physical intuition"

　　Indeed, artificial intelligence has now penetrated into all branches of astronomy and astrophysics. At present, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the United States can quickly judge the basic cosmological constants such as dark matter and dark energy according to the three-dimensional density distribution of the universe by using deep learning. They found that after applying artificial intelligence, the statistical error is much smaller than that of the traditional statistical methods. In addition, we also use deep learning to search for hydrogen and carbon elements in the early universe in the spectrum with extremely low signal-to-noise ratio, and find that it is better than the traditional method.

　　At the same time, astronomers are also applying deep learning to help us judge the three-dimensional position and distance of celestial bodies, and then outline the large-scale structure of three-dimensional space. It is found that deep learning may be stronger than the traditional methods we used before in mining data and information. Artificial intelligence has also been applied to the field of detecting exoplanets by Google, and several exoplanets … … It can be said that artificial intelligence is now widely used in the frontier field of astrophysics.

　　But from the physicist’s point of view, artificial intelligence based on deep learning may also have its limitations. This limitation is that it can only play a role in a specific field that has been very clearly defined based on data. Only under the guidance of physicists, we can make the error bar of statistics smaller and estimate a certain quantity more accurately, but at present we can’t guide us to discover the new physical laws behind the data. Nor does it have a "physical intuition" based on beauty, symmetry and simplicity that is unique to humans.

　　To give a simple example, for example, Kepler’s observation data based on Tycho can find Kepler’s third law, and even the best machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms at present may be difficult to repeat this discovery based on the same data.

　　Therefore, I think that the essence of the application of deep learning in astronomy is still limited to doing better statistics and fitting.

　　(Professor Cai Wei, Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University)

At 2pm on 23rd, the China men’s soccer team visited Auckland to challenge New Zealand, which ranked 105th in the world. 0-0, the two teams drew a blank. The performance of the national football team is still qualified, with Lei Wu and Wei Shihao on the offensive end and Wei Zhen on the defensive end playing well. Especially in the 62 nd and 64 th minutes, two minutes of attack and defense won applause from the national football fans at the scene.

Two hours before the national football competition, the younger brother U24 lost the national football team 0-2 to New Zealand U22, but he couldn’t beat the other team. As a big brother, the national football team can’t afford to lose-if it loses, it will take four hours and two defeats, and the China men’s football team will even lose its head.

Lei Wu’s anti-aircraft guns.

Wei Shihao’s free kick is higher than that.

In the opening stage, the national football team is still the same, it is difficult to pass more than three feet in a row, and the scene is very passive. Except for Wei Shihao, the frontcourt attack lacks bright spots. After Yi Bian fought again, the national football team seized a mistake made by New Zealand and reversed the trend:

In the 63rd minute, New Zealand passed the ball and played with fire in the backcourt, and Lei Wu staged speed master to steal the ball before New Zealand captain Smith. Smith put Lei Wu down behind his back. Lei Wu, sitting on the ground, made a gesture of "penalty card", and the referee directly sent Smith off with a red card!

Lei Wu made Smith’s red card with his speed and agility, creating a situation of 11-10 for the national football team. China fans at the Intelligent Mountain Stadium burst into applause and cheers. Lei Wu’s performance was recognized by the fans.

Just 2 minutes later, New Zealand also made a quick counterattack and formed an excellent opportunity for 1V1! Fortunately, Wei Zhenguo, the national football defender, broke the shovel and made a wonderful steal from behind.

For Wei Zhen’s shovel, the New Zealand broadcaster commentator shouted: "wonderful, what a beautiful shovel break! What a tackle）！” Wei Zhen also high-fived his teammates to celebrate.

Wu Xi, captain of the national football team

For the national football team, this is a crucial defense: if Wei Zhen fouls, it is likely to be a red dot package, and the confidence and number advantage that the national football team has just established will be ruined in an instant. Fortunately, Wei Zhen’s tackle was clean and very uplifting!

Although China’s men’s soccer team is always criticized and ridiculed by fans, judging from these two minutes of attack and defense, the performance of the national football team is obviously better than that of New Zealand. Lei Wu swoops down and steals the ball from New Zealand captain Smith, who pulls down Lei Wu behind him and is sent off with a red card. In a blink of an eye, New Zealand’s fast break and Wei Zhen’s back tackle were textbook defense.

11 to 10 has become the key for the national football team to reverse the situation. Unfortunately, the fierce attack of the national football team failed to get a goal. China fans are not demanding, and 0-0 is acceptable. The national football fans at the scene also applauded the national football team …